up to a high logic level normally (when the pushbutton is

left alone and not pressed). But when you press the button, the
corresponding input is connected to ground.
9. Turn on the CADET. When you press PB2, the chip receives the
active-low signal that causes it to reset. So if the LED connected
to Q (LED #2) was not already low, it will definitely be so after
pressing PB2. (Do not continue until this reset works properly.)
10. Flip the switch that makes the D input go high. Since this flip-flop
is not being clocked, the Q output and LED #2 remain unchanged.
11. Press the clock pushbutton and release it, producing the rising
clock edge that latches the D input (i.e., the clock rises as the
pushbutton rises). The Q output and LED #2 should go high. Set
the D input to the low level and press the clock pushbutton again,
verifying that Q goes low only after another rising clock edge
occurs. Finally, set D high again and press the clock pushbutton
one last time, leaving the Q output in the high state.

Figure 2.15. Connecting the oscilloscope probes to a provided calibration signal

provides an easy way to test basic functionality.

12. Repeat steps 9, 10, and 11 with a TA for a checkoff. You will use
the combinational logic part of this circuit in the next lab, so do
not dismantle your protoboard! ()

C. Turn on the oscilloscope and reset it to its factory default

state by pressing the front-panel Default Setup button. This
eliminates a number of possible situations that could cause
problems when making a measurement, since you never know
how it was left by the previous user.

13. The next few steps are what we will call a scope checkout.
This is introduced here just so that youll have a feel for the
oscilloscope before you watch a video about it in next weeks
prelab. You should do a scope checkout each time you use an
oscilloscope in the lab.

D. At this point, Channel 1 (the one associated with the probe

connected on the left) is turned on (by default), but Channel
2 probably is not. Turn it on by pressing the 2 button. It may
not be obvious, but two waveforms are being displayed, one
on top of the other, probably just as horizontal lines near the
middle of the screen.
E. Perform an autoset by pressing the Auto Setup button. This
is a quick way to select settings that may be appropriate for
some measurements. This particular oscilloscope will display
two square waves clearly, but still one waveform will be on
top of the other.

A. Make sure the oscilloscope is turned off and that two probes
are attached to it.
B. Connect both oscilloscope probes to the test point labelled
CAL. Some oscilloscopes you may use in the future use
terminology like probe compensation, probe comp., or
calibration. Connect the ground leads of the probes to the
ground connection nearby and marked with a ground symbol.
An example is shown in Figure 2.15. This provides a convenient
source of a square wave signal with a known frequency and
amplitude.
32

Lab 2

F. The 2 button should still be lit from when you added the
channel 2 waveform. That means that the knobs associated
with horizontal and vertical position or scale will be associated

Lab 2

33

with channel 2. The vertical scale knob is the one labelled V

mV. Rotate it counterclockwise to change to a larger scale (1
V/div, instead of the default of 500 mV/div). The vertical
position knob is above the vertical scale knob. Use it to move
the channel 2 waveform slightly lower on the screen.
G. Press 1 to associate the two knobs with the channel 1 waveform.
Use the knobs to increase the scale to 1 V/div and raise the
channel waveform completely above the channel 2 waveform.
Try to get a screen that resembles Figure 2.16.

G. The oscilloscope has a touchscreen interface. Use it to select

File, then Print Setup.... Then, as in Figure 2.17, select File
on the left as the destination (instead of Printer or Email).
Note in Figure 2.17 that the Colors are set as Standard.
Change them to Print, since this will produce a white
background in your saved image. Browse to a desired target
directory on USB Drive and change the filename as desired.
Once the print settings have been set, close the print menu.
This allows the waveforms to occupy the most screen area.
H. There is a button labelled Print which is used to print or save,
according the the settings on the interface you just accessed.
Press that button to save a screen capture. You should see a
confirmation in the bottom right that a screenshot was saved
to your USB drive.

Figure 2.17. Using the touchscreen interface, access the screen that directs screen
image saves to a particular file and folder on a memory stick.

I. Remove the storage media and place it in the computer long

enough to verify that you have acquired a valid graphic file
(e.g., open it in Microsoft Paint). Get your last check off by
showing this bitmap file. Dont forget to take your memory
stick with you! ()
14. Revisit your Quartus block diagram file to add the device
annotations as text notes inside the block diagram editor. This
includes 1) The device name (e.g., 74HCT20), and 2) the pin
numbers (alongside each gate input and output). You can do this
with the Text tool (the tool symbolized by the letter A). Do
NOT put labels on the pins by selecting the signal (the wire) and
typing, since that assigns a name to the signal itself. You will do
that later in diagrams where the signals have names (pin numbers
are not signal names). This is not required for a checkoff in the
lab (your hand annotation in Lab step 1 was fine for that), but it
will be needed later as a result.

Tip!

F. Press Stop to freeze the waveform. Place blank storage media

(a USB memory stick) in the oscilloscope.

Figure 2.16. Rearranging the two identical waveforms makes them easier to see
simultaneously.

34

Lab 2

Lab 2

An easy way to create annotation text NOT intended to

be a signal name is to make the text tool active, then click
in a large open white space in the schematic. Type your
text there, then reposition it as needed by activating the
arrow tool, selecting the text, and dragging to the correct
location. But DONT do this later when you really want
to give a name to a signal!

35

15. Every laboratory exercise has required results. For this

laboratory, retain the following items for printing now or later, in
this order:
Solved Karnaugh maps (hand-drawn markings on a
downloaded document from Prelab step 3).
Computer-annotated schematic diagram (from Lab step 14).
Oscilloscope trace capture (from Lab step 13).

36

You created some intermediate schematics along the way, but

only the final version is required. The solved maps do not require
any formatting (captions or borders), but the schematic and trace
capture should be formatted according to normal standards, as
should all computer-generated results in the future.

Lab 2