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CriminalLawBook2TitleTwo|PhilippineLawReviewers

PhilippineLawReviewers

CriminalLawBook2TitleTwo
JAN25
PostedbyMagz
TITLETWO

I.CRIMESAGAINSTTHEFUNDAMENTALLAWSOFTHESTATE
ClassesofArbitraryDetention:
1.Bydetainingapersonwithoutlegalground
2.Delayinthedeliveryofdetainedpersonstotheproperjudicialauthorities
3.Delayingrelease

Article124
ARBITRARYDETENTION
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee(whoseocialdutiesincludetheauthoritytomakeanarrestanddetainpersons;
jurisdictiontomaintainpeaceandorder).
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2.Thathedetainsaperson(actualrestraint).

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2.Thathedetainsaperson(actualrestraint).
3.Thatthedetentionwaswithoutlegalgrounds(cannotbecommiedifwithwarrant).
Detention:whenapersonisplacedinconnementorthereisarestraintonhisperson.
Thoughtheelementsspecifythattheoenderbeapublicoceroremployee,privateindividualswhoconspirewithpublicocerscan
alsobeliable.
Legalgroundsforthedetentionofanyperson:
Withoutlegalgrounds:
Knowgroundsforwarrantlessarrest:
Forescapedprisonernoneedforwarrant
RolitoGov.CAisanexampleofarbitrarydetention(JudgePimentel)
Example:Ywaskilledbyunknownassailant.OcersgotatipandarrestedX.Xvoluntarilyadmiedtotheocersthathedidit
althoughhewasnotasked.Xwasdetainedimmediately.AccordingtotheSC,therewasNOarbitrarydetention.Why?Becauseonce
Xmadeaconfession,theocershadarighttoarresthim.
Continuingcrimeisdierentfromacontinuouscrime
Ramosv.Enrile:Rebelslateronretire.AccordingtotheSC,onceyouhavecommiedrebellionandhavenotbeenpunishedor
amnestied,thentherebelscontinuetoengageinrebellion,unlesstherebelsrenouncehisaliation.Arrestcanbemadewithouta
warrantbecausethisisacontinuingcrime.
1.commissionofacrime
2.violentinsanityorotherailmentrequiringcompulsoryconnementofthepatientinahospital
1.hehasnotcommiedanycrimeornoreasonablegroundofsuspicionthathehascommiedacrime
2.notsueringfromviolentinsanityoranyotherailmentrequiringcompulsoryconnementinahospital
1.Crimeisabouttobe,isbeing,hasbeencommied
2.Ocermusthavereasonableknowledgethatthepersonprobablycommiedthecrime

Article125
DELAYINTHEDELIVERYOFDETAINEDPERSONS
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thathehasdetainedapersonforsomelegalgrounds
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3.Thathefailstodeliversuchpersontotheproperjudicialauthoritywithin:

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3.Thathefailstodeliversuchpersontotheproperjudicialauthoritywithin:
1.12hours,ifdetainedforcrimes/oensespunishablebylightpenalties,ortheirequivalent
2.18hours,forcrimes/oensespunishablebycorrectionalpenalties,ortheirequivalentor
3.36hours,forcrimes/oensespunishablebycapitalpunishmentoraictivepenalties,ortheirequivalent
Reallymeansdelayinlingnecessaryinformationorchargingofpersondetainedincourt.Maybewaivedifapreliminary
investigationisaskedfor.
Doesnotcontemplateactualphysicaldeliverybutatleasttheremustbeacomplaintled.Dutycompliedwithuponthelingofthe
complaintwiththejudicialauthority(courts,prosecutorsthoughtechnicallynotajudicialauthority,forpurposesofthisarticle,hes
consideredasone.)
Thelingoftheinformationincourtdoesnotcureillegalityofdetention.Neitherdoesitaectthelegalityoftheconnementunder
processissuedbythecourt.
Toescapefromthis,ocersusuallyaskaccusedtoexecuteawaiverwhichshouldbeunderoathandwithassistanceofcounsel.Such
waiverisnotviolativeoftheaccusedconstitutionalright.
Whatislengthofwaiver?Lightoense5days.Seriousandlessseriousoenses7to10days.(JudgePimentel)
Articledoesnotapplywhenarrestisviaawarrantofarrest
Ifoenderisaprivateperson,crimeisillegaldetention
ArbitraryDetention(124)
Detentionisillegalfromthebeginning.

DelayinDeliveryofDetained(125)
Detentionislegalinthebeginning,but
illegalitystartsfromtheexpirationofthe
speciedperiodswithoutthepersons
detainedhavingbeendeliveredtothe
properjudicialauthority.

Article126
DELAYINGRELEASE
ELEMENTS:
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1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee

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1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thatthereisajudicialorexecutiveorderforthereleaseofaprisonerordetentionprisoner,orthatthereisaproceedingupona
petitionfortheliberationofsuchperson
3.Thattheoenderwithoutgoodreasondelays:
1.theserviceofthenoticeofsuchordertotheprisoner,or
2.theperformanceofsuchjudicialorexecutiveorderforthereleaseoftheprisoner,or
3.theproceedingsuponapetitionforthereleaseofsuchperson
Threeactsarepunishable:
Wardensandjailersarethepersonsmostlikelytoviolatethisprovision
Provisiondoesnotincludelegislation
1.delayingtheperformanceofajudicialorexecutiveorderforthereleaseofaprisoner
2.delayingtheserviceofnoticeofsuchordertosaidprisoner
3.delayingtheproceedingsuponanypetitionfortheliberationofsuchperson

Article127
EXPULSION
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.ThatheexpelsanypersonfromthePhilippines,orcompelsapersontochangehisresidence
3.Thattheoenderisnotauthorizedtodosobylaw
2actspunishable:
1.byexpellingapersonfromthePhilippines
2.bycompellingapersontochangehisresidence
(Thecrimeofexpulsionabsorbsthatofgravecoercion.Ifdonebyaprivateperson,willamounttogravecoercion)
i.e.,Villavicenciov.Lukban:prostitutescase
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Doesnotincludeundesirablealiens;destierro;orwhensenttoprison

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Doesnotincludeundesirablealiens;destierro;orwhensenttoprison
IfX(Filipino)afterhevoluntarilyleft,isrefusedreentryisconsideredforcinghimtochangehisaddresshere
Threattonationalsecurityisnotagroundtoexpelorchangehisaddress.

Article128
VIOLATIONOFDOMICILE
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thatheisnotauthorizedbyjudicialordertoenterthedwellingand/ortomakeasearchthereinforpapersorothereects
3.Thathecommitsanyofthefollowingacts:
1.enteringanydwellingagainstthewilloftheownerthereof
2.searchingpapersorothereectsfoundthereinwithoutthepreviousconsentofsuchowner
3.refusingtoleavethepremises,afterhavingsurreptitiouslyenteredsaiddwellingandafterhavingbeenrequiredtoleavethesame
AggravatingCircumstance(mediumandmaximumofpenaltyimposed):
Iftheoenderwhoentersthedwellingagainstthewilloftheownerthereofisaprivateindividual,thecrimecommiedistrespassto
dwelling(Art280)
Whenapublicocersearchedapersonoutsidehisdwellingwithoutasearchwarrantandsuchpersonisnotlegallyarrestedforan
oense,thecrimecommiedbythepublicocerisgravecoercion,ifviolenceorintimidationisused(Art286),orunjustvexation,if
thereisnoviolenceorintimidation(Art287)
Apublicocerwithoutasearchwarrantcannotlawfullyenterthedwellingagainstthewilloftheowner,evenifheknewthat
someoneinthatdwellingishavingunlawfulpossessionofopium
3actspunishable:
Beingauthorizedbylawmeanswithsearchwarrant,savehimselfordosomethingsgoodforhumanity
Theremustbeexpressionthatentryisdeniedorthatheisaskedtoleave
Papersandeectsneednotbepartofacrime.
1.oensecommiedatnighime
2.papersoreectsnotconstitutingevidenceofacrimebenotreturnedimmediately
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1.personentersdwellingw/oconsentoragainstthewill

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1.personentersdwellingw/oconsentoragainstthewill
2.personentersandsearchesforpapersandeects
3.personenteredsecretlyandrefusestoleaveafterbeingaskedto

Article129
SEARCHWARRANTSMALICIOUSLYOBTAINED
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thatheprocuresasearchwarrant
3.Thatthereisnojustcause
ABUSEINTHESERVICEOFWARRANTOREXCEEDINGAUTHORITYORUSINGUNNECESSARYSEVERITYINEXECUTING
ASEARCHWARRANTLEGALLYPROCURED
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thathehaslegallyprocuredasearchwarrant
3.Thatheexceedshisauthorityorusesunnecessaryseverityinexecutingthesame
Searchwarrantisvalidfor10daysfromitsdate
SearchwarrantisanorderinwritingissuedinthenameofthePeople,signedbythejudgeanddirectedtoapublicocer,
commandinghimtosearchforpersonalpropertydescribedthereinandbringitbeforethecourt
Nojustcausewarrantisunjustied
Searchlimitedtowhatisdescribedinthewarrant,alldetailsmustbewithparticularity
Maliciouswarrant.Example.Xwasarespondentofasearchwarrantforillegalpossessionofrearms.Areturnwasmade.Thegundid
notbelongtoXandthewitnesshadnopersonalknowledgethatthereisaguninthatplace.
Abuseexamples:
1.Xownerwashandcuedwhilesearchwasgoingon.
2.Tankwasusedtoramgatepriortoannouncementthatasearchwillbemade
3.Personswhowerenotrespondentsweresearched

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Article130

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Article130
ELEMENTSOFSEARCHINGDOMICILEWITHOUTWITNESSES:
1.Thattheoenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thatheisarmedwithasearchwarrantlegallyprocured
3.Thathesearchesthedomicile,papersorotherbelongingsofanyperson
4.Thattheowner,oranymemberofhisfamily,ortwowitnessesresidinginthesamelocalityarenotpresent
Orderofthosewhomustwitnessthesearch:
Validityofthesearchwarrantcanbequestionedonlyin2courts:whereissuedorwherethecaseispending.Laerispreferredfor
objectivedetermination.
1.Homeowner
2.Membersofthefamilyofsucientageanddiscretion
3.Responsiblemembersofthecommunity(cantbeinuencedbythesearchingparty)

Article131
PROHIBITION,INTERRUPTION,ANDDISSOLUTIONOFPEACEFULMEETINGS
ELEMENTS:
1.Oenderisapublicoceroremployee
2.Heperformsanyofthe.acts:
1.prohibitingorinterrupting,withoutlegalgroundtheholdingofapeacefulmeeting,ordissolvingthesame(e.g.denialofpermitin
arbitrarymanner).
2.hinderinganypersonfromjoininganylawfulassociationorfromaendinganyofitsmeetings
prohibitingorhinderinganypersonfromaddressing,eitheraloneortogetherwithothers,anypetitiontotheauthoritiesforthe
correctionofabusesorredressofgrievances
Iftheoenderisaprivateindividual,thecrimeisdisturbanceofpublicorder(Art153)
Meetingmustbepeacefulandthereisnolegalgroundforprohibiting,dissolvingorinterruptingthatmeeting
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Meetingissubjecttoregulation

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Meetingissubjecttoregulation
Oendermustbeastranger,notaparticipant,inthepeacefulmeeting;otherwise,itsunjustvexation
Interruptinganddissolvingameetingofthemunicipalcouncilbyapublicocerisacrimeagainstthelegislativebody,notpunishable
underthisarticle
Thepersontalkingonaprohibitedsubjectatapublicmeetingcontrarytoagreementthatnospeakershouldtouchonpoliticsmaybe
stopped
Butstoppingthespeakerwhowasaackingcertainchurchesinpublicmeetingisaviolationofthisarticle
Prohibitionmustbewithoutlawfulcauseorwithoutlawfulauthority
Thoseholdingpeacefulmeetingsmustcomplywithlocalordinances.Example:Ordinancerequirespermitsformeetingsinpublic
places.Butifpolicestopsameetinginaprivateplacebecausetheresnopermit,ocerisliableforstoppingthemeeting.

Article132
INTERRUPTIONOFRELIGIOUSWORSHIP
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheocerisapublicoceroremployee
2.Thatreligiousceremoniesormanifestationsofanyreligionareabouttotakeplaceoraregoingon
3.Thattheoenderpreventsordisturbsthesame
Circumstancequalifyingtheoense:ifcommiedwithviolenceorthreats
ReadingofBibleandthenaackingcertainchurchesinapublicplazaisnotaceremonyormanifestationofreligion,butonlya
meetingofareligioussect.Butifdoneinaprivatehome,itsareligiousservice
ReligiousWorship:peopleintheactofperformingreligiousritesforareligiousceremony;amanifestationofreligion.Ex.Mass,
baptism,marriage
X,aprivateperson,boxedapriestwhilethepriestwasgivinghomilyandwhilethelaerwasmaligningarelativeofX.IsXliable?X
maybeliableunderArt133becauseXisaprivateperson.
Whenpriestissolemnizingmarriage,heisapersoninauthority,althoughinothercases,hesnot.

Article133
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OFFENDINGRELIGIOUSFEELINGS
ELEMENTS:
1.Thattheactscomplainedofwereperformed
1.inaplacedevotedtoreligiousfeelings,or(forthiselement,noneedofreligiousceremony,onlytheplaceismaterial)
2.duringthecelebrationofanyreligiousceremony
2.Thattheactsmustbenotoriouslyoensivetothefeelingsofthefaithful(deliberateintenttohurtthefeelings)
3.Theoenderisanyperson
4.Thereisadeliberateintenttohurtthefeelingsofthefaithful,directedagainstreligioustenet
Ifinaplacedevotedtoreligiouspurpose,thereisnoneedforanongoingreligiousceremony
Exampleofreligiousceremony(actsperformedoutsidethechurch).Processionsandspecialprayersforburyingdeadpersonsbut
NOTprayerrallies
Actsmustbedirectedagainstreligiouspracticeordogmaorritualforthepurposeofridicule,asmockingorscongoraemptingto
damageanobjectofreligiousveneration
Theremustbedeliberateintenttohurtthefeelingsofthefaithful,merearroganceorrudenessisnotenough.
CRIME

NatureofCrime

WhoareLiable

IfElementMissing

Prohibition,
Interruptionand
Dissolutionof
PeacefulMeeting
(131)

Crimeagainstthe
fundamentallawof
thestate

Publicocers,
Outsiders

Ifnotbypublicocer=
tumults

Interruptionof
Religious
Worship(132)

Crimeagainstthe
fundamentallawof
thestate

Publicocers,
Outsiders

Ifbyinsider=unjust
vexation
Ifnotreligious=tumult
oralarms
Ifnotnotoriously
oensive=unjust
vexation

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Oendingthe
Crimeagainst
Publicocers,

Ifnottumults=alarms

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Oendingthe
ReligiousFeeling
(133)

Crimeagainst
publicorder

Publicocers,
privatepersons,
outsiders

Ifnottumults=alarms
andscandal
Ifmeetingillegalatonset
=incitingtoseditionor
rebellion

Reference:
CriminalLawBook2Reviewer
AteneoCentralBarOperations2001

AboutMagz
Firstofall,Iamnotalawyer.ImagraduateofABPoliticalScienceandwenttotheCollegeofLawbutstoppedgoingtolawschoolforsomereasons.
ImapassionateteacherwhohasbeenteachingEnglishtospeakersofotherlanguagesandapersonwholikeswritingandblogging.Ilostsome
importantlesandsoftwarewhenmycomputerbrokedownsothereasonIcreatedthiswebsiteistopreservethenotes,reviewersanddigestsIcollected
whenIwasatthelawschoolandatthesametime,Iwanttohelpoutlawstudentswhodonothaveenoughtimetogoandreadbooksinthelibrary.
ViewallpostsbyMagz
PostedonJanuary25,2012,inCriminalLawandtaggedCriminalLawBook2TitleTwo.Bookmarkthepermalink.1Comment.

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Comments1
Rvj|December10,2015at11:01am
Itisveryhelpful.Tnx^_^

CreateafreewebsiteorblogatWordPress.com.TheMystiqueTheme.

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