Contribution :

Since EQ Project is started from scratch , I got chance to work in LLD Levels to Parallelrun
which is one step behind to Preproduction,
LLD :
1) Sequence Diagram,
2) Class Diagram.
Issues Faced :
So Far I have faced and solved so many issues in my professional line.
1) My unforgettable thing is Performance issue, which i have faced in EQ.
Remedies :
Image Optimization,
Code Optimization which was worked by around 20 software developers.
SQL Query Optimization,
Under My lead Guidness gather information about Garbage Collection Policy Changes ( to
GEN CON)
GEN CON GC Policy:
The good news is that the IBM JVM introduced generational & concurrent GC collector
since version 1.5. This GC policy is providing exactly what we want:
It does split the Java Heap space between nursery and tenured spaces
Nursery (YoungGen) space objects are collected separately via the scavenger GC collector
Tenured space objects are collected via the global GC collector
The GC collector is concurrent and taking advantage of any multi physical cores machine
Results:
Reduced major collection frequency (Full GC)
Reduced Full GC elapsed time & pause time
Increase JVM throughput
Increase performance & capacity of your application
Default IBM JVM GC policy is different what is the problem?
The problem with this default JVM policy is that all Java objects are copied to the tenured space
and collected via a global collection (Full GC). For many Java EE applications, the ratio of short
lived vs. long lived objects is much higher. This means that your JVM will need to perform quite a
lot of major collections to clean up the short lived objects; results: increased frequency of Full GC,
increased JVM pause time, increased CPU utilization and performance degradation!
This is exactly what we observed while performing load testing following a migration to JVM
HotSpot 1.5 (using incremental & parallel GC) to IBM JVM 1.6 with default GC policy. Heavy GC
process was identified as the root cause as per the above explanation.

Design Patterns :
Design Patterns Tutorials
Design patterns are a popular topic in software development. A design pattern is a common, welldescribed solution to a common software problem. Sensible use of design patterns results in
increased code maintainability, since in addition to being a good solution to a common problem,
design patterns can be recognized by other developers, thus reducing the learning curve when
dealing with a particular piece of code. Types of design patterns include creational, structural, and
behavioral design patterns.
Creational Design Patterns
1.Singleton Pattern
2.Factory Pattern
3.Abstract Factory Pattern
4.Builder Pattern
5.Prototype Pattern
Structural Design Patterns
1.Adapter Pattern
2.Composite Pattern
3.Proxy Pattern
4.Flyweight Pattern
5.Facade Pattern
6.Bridge Pattern
7.Decorator Pattern
Behavioral Design Patterns
1.Template Method Pattern
2.Mediator Pattern
3.Chain of Responsibility Pattern
4.Observer Pattern
5.Strategy Pattern
6.Command Pattern
7.State Pattern
8.Visitor Pattern
9.Iterator Pattern
10.Memento Pattern

Creational Desing Pattern :

They are related with how objects and classes are created. While class-creation patterns
use inheritance effectively in the instantiation process,while object-creation patterns use delegation
to get the job done.
Structural Design Patterns :
They are related to class and object composition.This pattern uses inheritance to define new
interfaces in order to compose new objects and hence new functionalities.
Behavioral patterns:
These design patterns deal with objects communication. They are specifically concerned
with communication between objects.
UML class diagrams
Class Name
attribute Type = Initial Value
methods(args list):return Type
The top compartment contains the class name; if the class is abstract the name is italicized.
The middle compartment contains the class attributes (also called properties, or variables).
The bottom compartment contains the class methods (also called operations). Like the class
name, if a method is abstract, its name is italicized.
What is Bank Rate ? (For Non Bankers) :
This is the rate at which central bank (RBI) lends money to other banks or financial
institutions. If the bank rate goes up, long-term interest rates also tend to move up, and vice-versa.
Thus, it can said that in case bank rate is hiked, in all likelihood banks will hikes their own lending
rates to ensure that they continue to make profit.
What is CRR (For Non Bankers):
CRR means Cash Reserve Ratio. Banks in India are required to hold a certain proportion
of their deposits in the form of cash. However, actually Banks dont hold these as cash with
themselves, but deposit such case with Reserve Bank of India (RBI) / currency chests, which is
considered as equivlanet to holding cash with RBI. This minimum ratio (that is the part of the total
deposits to be held as cash) is stipulated by the RBI and is known as the CRR or Cash Reserve
Ratio. Thus, When a banks deposits increase by Rs100, and if the cash reserve ratio is 6%, the
banks will have to hold additional Rs 6 with RBI and Bank will be able to use only Rs 94 for
investments and lending / credit purpose. Therefore, higher the ratio (i.e. CRR), the lower is the
amount that banks will be able to use for lending and investment. This power of RBI to reduce the
lendable amount by increasing the CRR, makes it an instrument in the hands of a central bank
through which it can control the amount that banks lend. Thus, it is a tool used by RBI to control
liquidity in the banking system.

What is SLR ? (For Non Bankers) :

SLR stands for Statutory Liquidity Ratio. This term is used by bankers and indicates the minimum
percentage of deposits that the bank has to maintain in form of gold, cash or other approved
securities. Thus, we can say that it is ratio of cash and some other approved securities to liabilities
(deposits) It regulates the credit growth in India.
What are Repo rate and Reverse Repo rate?
Repo (Repurchase) rate is the rate at which the RBI lends shot-term money to the banks against
securities. When the repo rate increases borrowing from RBI becomes more expensive. Therefore,
we can say that in case, RBI wants to make it more expensive for the banks to borrow money, it
increases the repo rate; similarly, if it wants to make it cheaper for banks to borrow money, it
reduces the repo rate
Reverse Repo rate is the rate at which banks park their short-term excess liquidity with the
RBI. The banks use this tool when they feel that they are stuck with excess funds and are not able
to invest anywhere for reasonable returns.

An increase in the reverse repo rate means that the

RBI is ready to borrow money from the banks at a higher rate of interest. As a result, banks would
prefer to keep more and more surplus funds with RBI.
a) Demand Liabilities:Current Deposits, Savings bank deposits, Margins held against letters of credit/guarantees,
Balances in overdue fixed deposits, Outstanding TTs, MTs, DDs, Unclaimed deposits,
Credit balances in the Cash Credit account and deposits held as security for advances
which are payable on demand, & Money at Call and Short Notice from outside the
Banking System (Liability to others).
b) Time Liabilities:Fixed deposits, cash certificates, cumulative and recurring deposits, time liabilities portion
of savings bank deposits, staff security deposits, margin held against letters of credit, if not
payable on demand, & deposits held as securities for advances which are not payable on
demand and Gold deposits.
c) Other Demand and Time Liabilities (ODTL):Interest accrued on deposits, bills payable, unpaid dividends, suspense account
balances representing amounts due to other banks or public, net credit balances in
branch adjustment account, any amounts due to the banking system which are not in
the nature of deposits or borrowing.
Participation Certificates issued to other banks, the balances outstanding in the
blocked account pertaining to segregated outstanding credit entries for more than 5 years
in inter-branch adjustment account, the margin money on bills purchased / discounted

and gold borrowed by banks from abroad, Cash collaterals received under
collateralized derivative transactions and Loans/borrowings from abroad.
Principles of Banking;
Intermediation,Liquidity,Profitability,Trust,Solvency
Functions of RBI
Currency Issue,Bankers Bank,Government's Bank,Bank's Supervision
Customer Bank relationship termination
Voluntary , By Law(Insanity of customer,Bankruptcy,Death of Customer,Garnishee order)
Negotiable Instruments
Bill of Exchange, Promisery Note, cheque
Lending Principles :
Profitability,Liquidity, Reason, Risk diversification
Letter of Credit :
Buyer request to bank in order to gurantee the sum of amount will be delivered to seller after
goods
Checked exceptions: A checked exception is an exception that is typically a user error or a problem
that cannot be foreseen by the programmer. For example, if a file is to be opened, but the file cannot
be found, an exception occurs. These exceptions cannot simply be ignored at the time of
compilation.
Runtime exceptions: A runtime exception is an exception that occurs that probably could have
been avoided by the programmer. As opposed to checked exceptions, runtime exceptions are
ignored at the time of compliation.
Errors: These are not exceptions at all, but problems that arise beyond the control of the user or
the programmer. Errors are typically ignored in your code because you can rarely do anything about
an error. For example, if a stack overflow occurs, an error will arise. They are also ignored at the
time of compilation.