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Ongoing of the Local Level Restructuring Commission

(LLRC)
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Formation of the Commission: LLRC established on dated 14 March

2016 by the GoN (Cabinet decision) as per the Article 295 (3) of the
Constitution of Nepal.

GoN provided the ToR and criteria/standards and provided to

the Commission: The GoN, based on the constitutional provision has
developed the criteria/standard for local level restructuring and made
avail to the commission. Mandate of the commission has remained as,
o Determine number
Nagarpalika

and

boundaries

of

Gaunpalika

and

o Recommend the name and center of newly proposed Gaunpalike

and nagarpalika
o Recommend
Nagarpalika

number

of

wards

in

each

Gaunpalika

and

o Recommend Gaunpalika and Nagarpalika that can be established

as special, protected or autonomous area
Please, refer Annex 1: criteria of local level restructuring provided
to the Commission by GoN
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Carried out central level discussions/consultations: Carried out

central level discussions regarding LLRC functioning, mandates,
process and criteria of local level restructuring with different
stakeholders ranging from experts, bureaucrats, political party leaders
(mainly looking behind local level affairs), parliamentarians (mainly
with the MPs who have previously worked for local bodies), exbureaucrats and senior political leaders (Minister, Ministry of federal
affairs and local development). Nearly 1400 peoples consulted by the
commission at national and sub-national level.

Expert services received: The Commission has received mandate

from GoN (Cabinet decision) to mobilize expert services as required
and experts from different field of expertise are working for the
commission.

Central
Level
Facilitation
Committee
(CLFC)
under
convenorship of Minister of MoFALD convened: The CLFC
conducted regular meeting and assured required fund and facilities to
the commission.

ToR for local level Technical Committee developed and Criteria

for Local Level Restructuring detailed out: The LLRC based on the
rigorous and series of consultation with experts and stakeholders has
further detailed out the criteria and standards of local level
restructuring. Major benchmark for restructuring of local level has
remained as,
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o Minimum limit of the population for Gaunpalika and Municipality

o Maximum number and minimum
Gaunpalika and Municipality

population

of

wards

of

o Geography and area

o ethnic, linguistic, cultural habitats
o Geographical accessibility
o natural resources
o infrastructure development
o revenue base
(Please, refer annex 2 for details of the criteria/standards)
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Orientation to Local Level Technical Committee members held

in seven provinces: the commission has organized orientation to the
members of local level restructuring technical committee in first week
of the Sarawan in different place of seven provinces as Kathmandu,
Biratnagar, Janakpur, Pokhara, Nepalganja, Surkhet and Dhangadi.

Mobilization of Local Level Technical committee: The LLRC has

made public the ToR and procedures of Local Level Restructuring
Technical Committee on 2 Saun 2073. The committee is formed under
convenorship of the LDO in each district. Other members in the
committee are as officer level representative from District
Administration Office, District Technical Office, District Revenue Office,
District Land Survey Office, District Forest Office, District statistic
Office.

Functions assigned to the Local Level Restructuring Technical

Support Committee

Propose the appropriate number, boundary and their naming and center of
Gaunpalika and Nagarpalika to be established in the district and recommend those
Gaunpalika and Nagarpalika as Special, Protected or Autonomous Area those met
the criteria given by the commission

Recommend the number and boundary of wards that to be established within the
Gaunpalika and Nagarpalika as per the criteria given by the commission.

Organize the interaction, discussion and meetings with stakeholders in district/local

level and by analyzing the recommendations received from the process and
analyzing other data/information, submit the report to the commission

Local Level consultation process:

o Data, information collection and analysis by local level
restructuring technical committee
o Consultation with political parties and LG representatives: to
build common understanding on differences between prevailing
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o
o
o
o
o

local bodies and local level and competencies and further

process
Consultation with Line Agency Office chiefs and VDC secretaries:
to build common understanding on differences between
prevailing local bodies and local level and competencies
Consultation with civil society and leaders
Consultation with media persons and dissemination
Hold district level consultation workshop with major stakeholders
in the districts, inclusively
Hold local (Illaka) level workshop with major stakeholders in the
areas, inclusively

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Annex- 1: summary of the criteria/standards for local level restructuring as provided by the GoN
1. Key consideration for local level restructuring
- to establish/bring government closer to the people and to establish/promote easy access on the
services and facilities
- The principles, concepts, values and international practices of local self-governance
- habitation system
- Population density
- Transport facility and service accessibility
- Potentials of settlement development and present urbanization situation and potential expansion
in near future
- market development
- Water shed or river basin system, landscape/slope
- to maintain the services and facilities as being received by people at present are not reduced
- to create positive competition between and among Gaunpalika and Municipality
2. Without interfering the boundaries of constitutionally provisioned provinces and districts.
3. consideration geographical situation of Nepal and population pattern, necessary different policy
(criteria) has to be adopted by the Commission to restructure local level in Mountain, Hill, Terai and
Inner Madhesh
4. Other considerations
- integration of all linguistic and ethnic population at most possible extent
- that creates situation in which identity, protection, promotion and development of all the
population can be possible
- The new structure in which continuity of social cohesion is promoted at most possible
- While designing new Wards at local level, it should be done by merging necessary (appropriate)
wards in one, but existing ward should not be merged by disaggregation.
5. To reduce the number of existing VDCs and to increase the number of municipality that will be
competent (to assume constitutional responsibilities) and uniform at most possible extent for
effective operation of local self-governance.
- There should be assurance of benefits to the people through analysis of its effect, impact and
social cost benefits.
- Carry out discussions/consultations in each district headquarter and upto the Illaka level at
possible extent including the participation of Political Parties at local level, other stakeholders,
media persons, representatives and staffs of local bodies and people in general. And
- All the process should be transparent and manage adequate dissemination of information to all
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concerned.
6. Envisioning service delivery and development works with people's participation will be channeled
basically through the ward level, thus recommend wards that can be best developed as a service
center.
7. consideration to restructuring of wards,
- Can be created 5-21 wards in Gaunpalika based on the geography, population and population
density
- Can be created 9-35 wards in Municipality, sub-metropolitan and Metropolitan that are based on
the population, geography, population density, urban facilities and development status.
- Existing wards of Municipal, sub-metropolitan and Metropolis can also be rearranged (expanded,
regrouped).
8. While restructuring ward, place equal population in general and to the extent of developing the ward
as service providing unit.
- Recommendation on special, protected or autonomous area: As per the Article 56 (5) of the
constitution to determine special, protected or autonomous area with the objective of social,
cultural or economic development and to make a special arrangement for implementation of the
state policy as stipulated by Article 51 (Ga, Gha and Yan) of the Constitution, the commission
should recommend from among the newly proposed Gaunpalika or Municipality that need to be
declared as special, protected or autonomous areas by law considering adequacy of necessary
area and population and by covering the identified ethnicity, community including additional
powers and resources (to be required).
(A) Any loacl level (Gaunpalika or Municipality) created by integrating the economically and
socially underdeveloped,
disadvantaged, geographically inaccessible remote area and
community on the basis of comparative development of any district may be proposed as special
area.
(B) Any local level (Gaunpalika, or Municipality) created by integrating the ultra minority,
community in verge of extinction, ultra marginalized ethnic, community and cultural area in
any part or area in any district may be proposed as protected area.
(c) Any loacl level (Gaunpalika, or Municipality) that are created by integrating any part or area in
district in which there is intensive presence and majority of one ethnic community or linguistic,
cultural community that may be proposed as autonomous area.
9. Recommend the name of the Gaunpalika, Municipality and Special, Protected and Autonomous area
10. Restructuring of the local level should be carried out in accordance to the above mentioned
criteria/standards
- Additional instruction may be given by the GoN in time to time regarding to the
criteria/standards.
- GoN will provide such instruction through Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development.

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Annex- 2: Local Level Restructuring Criteria/Standards that are provided by the commission
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Minimum limit of population

Geographical region

Name of local level

Gaunpal
ika

Mountain
part)

Municipa
lity

(Mountainous 15000

SubMetropoli
tan City

Metropoli
tan City

20000

Mountain (Hilly part)

25000

35000

Hill

25000

35000

Inner Terai (Hilly part)

25000

35000

Inner Terai (Plain part)

50000

75000

Terai

50000

75000

In case of the Municipality located in the district headquarter except that

of the mountainous region and the Kathmandu valley, the population should be
as follows
Geographical region

Municipality

Hilly district headquarter

45000

Kathmandu Valley

95000

Remarks

District headquarter of Terai and 95000

Inner Terai
Maximum wards can be determined in the following number by maintaining
equal population in each ward (15 percent)
Geographical region

Name of local level

Gaunpalika

Municipali Subty
Metropolit
an City

Mountain

5 to 9

Hill

5 to 12

9 to 14

Kathmandu Valley, Inner 5 to 15

Terai (Plain part) and Terai

9 to 18

19 to 27

Metropolitan
City

28 to 35

In determining the number of wards, it should be carried out by dividing the

total population of respective Gaunpalika/Municipality as follows:
Geographical region

Mountain

Population
Gaunpalik
a

Municipality

3000

3000

Sub-Metropolitan
City

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Hill
Kathmandu Valley,
(Plain part) and Terai

Inner

3700

4000

Terai 7000

8000

8000

Geography and area:

Maximum time taking to reach the place Time taking to return to home after
of receiving service from Road Head- getting the service- taking the base
taking the base of far most village (hour)
of far most village (hour)
Mountain

Hill

Terai

Mountain

Hill

Terai

Consider placement of ethnic, linguistic, cultural habitats in a same

unit as possible extent.

Geographical accessibility :
o Should be minimum three market centers in Gaunpalika and minimum
5 in the Municipality.
o Not to set the boundary crossing the clearly visible natural barrier
unless the clear proximity brought by physical infrastructure exists.
o Matching the watershed (Panidhalo) as far as possible.
o Not disrupting the geographical continuity.
o To keep in the same cluster as far as possible, if the area is with the
possibility of being linked by extending of the settlement
(conurbation).

Natural Resources
o Keep the source of drinking water, watershed, irrigation intake, ponds,
and community/leasehold/religious forest in the same unit, as far as
possible.
Institutional infrastructure: The proposed local level should have, at least, the
following infrastructures:
Gaunpalika

Municipality

Sub-Metropolitan City

10+2

College with Bachelor level

College with Masters level

Revenue Base: Taking the base of fiscal year 2014/15 (2071/72), internal revenue
(Rs.) should be as follows:
Municipality
Mountain

2 million

Hill

3.5 million

Kathmandu Valley,

7.5 million

Inner Terai and Terai

7

Sub-Metropolitan City

Metropolitan City

100 million

400 million