ASSIGNMENT 1
INTRODUCTION OF WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM.
Definition
It is a meta family of graphical operating system developed, sold,
marketed by Microsoft. It consists of several families of operating
system, each of which cater to a certain sector of a computing
industry. Similar to the other Operating systems, Windows makes
a computer system user friendly by providing a
organizing information so that it can be easily accessed by any
one.
History
Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a
graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical
user interfaces (GUIs).[4] Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal
computer market with over 90% usage share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced
in 1984.
1993: Windows NT
Windows NT 3.1 was the first version of Windows to use 32-bit flat virtual memory
addressing on 32-bit processors. Its companion product, Windows 3.1, used segmented
addressing and switches from 16-bit to 32-bit addressing in pages.
Windows NTs release marked the completion of a side project to build a new,
advanced OS. Standing for new technology, NT was 32-bit and had a hardware
abstraction layer. DOS could be found separately through the command prompt but it
was not running Windows itself. NT was a serious workstation OS rather than a version
designed for home users. The system did include, however, the first appearance of the
start button.
1995: Windows 95
Windows 95 was a huge sales success,
Microsofts breakthrough system and one
that introduced huge numbers of people
around the world to computers and the
Internet. Advertising used the Rolling
Stones Start Me Up to celebrate
bringing the start button to the masses.
1998: Windows 98
Windows 98 was the first operating system to use the Windows Driver Model (WDM).
This fact was not well publicized when Windows 98 was released, and most hardware
producers continued to develop drivers for the older VxD driver standard, which
Windows 98 supported for compatibility's sake. The WDM standard only achieved
widespread adoption years later, mostly through Windows 2000 and Windows XP, as
they were not compatible with the older VxD standard.[15] Windows Driver Model was
introduced largely so that developers would write drivers that were source compatible
with future versions of Windows.
2001: Windows XP
Windows XP was released as the first NT-based system with a version aimed squarely
at the home user. XP was rated highly by both users and critics. The system improved
Windows appearance with themes, and offered a stable platform. XP was also the end
of gaming in DOS, for all intents and purposes.
It contained a number of new features from a redesigned shell and user interface to
significant technical changes, with a particular security features. Windows Vista was a
highly hyped release that spent a lot of developmental and computer resources on
appearance. Vista had interesting visual effects but was slow to start and run. The 32-bit
version in particular didnt enable enough RAM for the memory-hungry OS to operate
quickly.
2009: Windows 7
2012: Windows 8
Sumit Sharma {BCA (M) 1ST YEAR}
Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface
to improve its user experience on tablets, Windows 8 takes better advantage of multi-core
processing, solid state drives (SSD), touch screens and other alternate input methods.
However users found it awkward, like switching between an interface made for a touch
screen and one made for a mouse -- with neither one entirely suited to the purpose.
2015: Windows 10
Microsoft announced Windows 10 in September 2014, skipping Windows 9. Version 10
includes the start menu, which was absent from Windows 8. A responsive design
feature called Continuum adapts the interface depending on whether the touch screen
or keyboard and mouse are being used for input. New features like an on-screen back
button simplify touch input.
MAJOR COMPONENTS OF Windows 7:These are termed as Windows Components. In this article we will list all of the available
Windows Components called Windows features, in Windows 7.
Sumit Sharma {BCA (M) 1ST YEAR}
Internet Explorer 8
SNMP Services
Tablet PC components
Windows Gadgets
FTP Client
FEATURES OF WINDOW7.
Windows 7 : Windows 7 is a updated version of Windows Vista. This version is
released in year 2009. In This Version Microsoft Introduce New NT Version 6.1
Which Gives Better user interface and also they introduce Direct x 11 which give us a
new level of graphics. On the Launching of Windows 7 Microsoft Stock Market
Increases that fulfill the drawbacks caused due to windows Vista and They Fix the
security issues that cause in Windows Vistas and Introduce new Tools Like Snipping
tools, New Version of Paint, Word and Microsoft Office 2010. In user interface they
give big changes like aero theme and new icons. Fixing Performance issues.
Windows 7 Editions:
1. Windows 7 Starter
This is the bare-bones, 32-bit only version of Windows 7 intended for users in
developing countries, to serve the most basic computing needs. Starter is
designed for lightweight, portable netbooks, though Microsoft claims any of
its versions will be able to run on netbooks.
Windows Starter 7 will not have the Aero Glass graphical user interface that is
included in all other versions of Windows 7 and can only run three
applications at a time. It will include the revamped taskbar and jump lists,
Windows Media Player, the file-sharing feature Home Group and other basic
features such as Action Center and Backup and Restore.
2. Windows 7 Professional
Windows 7 Professional has the features of Home Premium, but with added
networking and data protection features for small businesses and those who
frequently work at home.
3. Windows 7 Enterprise
Windows 7 Enterprise is only available to businesses through volume licensing.
Features that differentiate Enterprise from Professional are: BitLocker (encrypts
4. Windows 7 Ultimate
Ultimate, the supersize version of Windows, includes all the features of all the
other versions. It include all the security and networking features.
ASSIGNMENT-2
INTRODUCTION TO WORD
Microsoft Word or MS-WORD (often called Word) is a graphical word processing
program that users can type with. It is made by the computer company Microsoft.
The purpose of the MS Word is to allow the users to type and save documents.
Similar to other word processors, it has helpful tools to make documents.
Spelling & grammar checker, word count (this also counts letters and lines)
Speech recognition
Inserts pictures in documents
Web pages, graphs, etc.
Tables
Displays synonyms of words and can read out the text
Prints in different ways.
There are versions for Microsoft Word for other operating systems as well as
Microsoft Windows, but new versions support fewer operating systems, although
they always support Windows.
Word for Windows 1.0, for Windows 2.x came out in 1989.
Word for Windows 1.1, for Windows 3.0 came out in March, 1990.
Word for Windows 1.1a, for Windows 3.1 came out in June, 1990.
Word for Windows 2.0, came out in 1991.
Word for Windows 6.0, came out in 1993.
Word for Windows 95 (sometimes called Word 7), came out in 1995.
Word 97 (sometimes called Word 8), came out in 1997.
Word 2000 (sometimes called Word 9), came out in 1999.
Word 2002 (sometimes called Word 10 or Word XP), came out in 2001.
Word 2007, came out in 2007.
Word 2010 and Word 2013.
Word 2016 as Leaked Technical Preview.
4. Word 7 or Word 95
August 30, 1995:
Office 95 is released, coinciding with the release of Windows 95 operating
system. Works only on Windows 95, NT 3.51 or higher.
This is the first Office version to have the same version number for all major
component products (Word etc.)
Word 97 had the same general operating performance as later versions such as
Word 2000. This was the first copy of Word featuring the Office Assistant,
"Clippit", which was an animated helper used in all Office programs. This was a
takeover from the earlier launched concept in Microsoft Bob. Word 97 introduced
the macro programming language Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) which
remains in use in Word 2013.
5. Word 8 or Word 97
December 30, 1997:
Office 97 released, featuring Word 97, Excel 97, PowerPoint 97 and Mail 97.
Office 97 was published on a CD-ROM as well as on a set of three and a half inch
floppy disks. It became Y2K safe with the service release 2.
Word 98 for the Macintosh gained many features of Word 97, and was bundled
with the Macintosh Office 98 package. Document compatibility reached parity
with Office 97 and Word on the Mac became a viable business alternative to its
Windows counterpart. Unfortunately, Word on the Mac in this and later releases
also became vulnerable to future macro viruses that could compromise Word (and
Excel) documents, leading to the only situation where viruses could be crossplatform. A Windows version of this was only bundled with the Japanese/Korean
Microsoft Office 97 Powered By Word 98 and could not be purchased separately.
It was then released in the same period as well.
6. Word 2003
The most used version is version 2003 with plenty of functionality and security
features. Blended with Windows XP completely and presented icons and toolbars with
the same look as the operating system. Other than the looks, the rich feature arranged
neatly under different menu tabs made it users choice to years until they were forced
to upgrade to Office 2007 and Office 2010.
7. Word 2007
Office 2007 introduced the ribbon interface and helped you produce professionallooking documents by providing a comprehensive set of tools for creating and
formatting your document in the new Microsoft Office Fluent user interface.
8. Word 2010
Microsoft Office 2010 let people & employees keep in touch and working
effectively no matter where they were. They could use the same applications
from their PCs, from a smartphone, or from a Web browser. Microsoft
Introduces New Web apps Like Word 10, Excel 10 etc.
9. Word 2013
The Evolution of MS Office continues with Office 2013 and Office 365 and makes
use of cloud computing and takes it to the next level, while introducingTouch.
FILE Button
to Access
Options
QUICK ACCESS
TOOLBARs
TITLE BAR
RIBBON
SECTIO
WRITING PAGE
GRAMMATICAL
ERROR CHECKING
TASK BAR
Components of MS-WORD
Sumit Sharma {BCA (M) 1ST YEAR}
File Button:
2. Quick Access Toolbar: It is a bar with the help of which we can open various
shortcuts like Open, New, Save, Email, Print, etc.
4. Tabs: Tabs are just above the ribbons like Home, Insert, Page Layout, References,
Mailings, etc.
5. Sections: Sections are a part of Ribbon such as Clipboard, Font, Paragraph, Styles,
etc.
6. Writing Page: Writing page is basically wherein a document needs to created. Its
the space where we can type on the MS Word.
7. Task Bar: Task Bar displays the activities that are being worked upon such as Words
used or page numbers.
8. Page Numbers and Count of Words: Page number shows the page the
work is being carried out whereas the Word count is something that
counts the number of words used.
10. Page Layouts: Page layout is the way in which a document can be showcased e.g.,
in a reading way, draft manner and many more.
11. Zoom in and Zoom Out Toolbar: With the help of zoom in and zoom out the
size of the document can be increased or decreased.
12. Horizontal and Vertical Toolbar: These are the scrolling bars with the help of
which a document can be moved from up-down or left-right.
ASSIGNMENT-3
EQUATIONS.
1. 4H3PO3=3H3PO4+PH3
2. Pnew=Pold+x2-yacosx
3. Cos2Ax-Sin2Ax=(cosAx-sinAx)(cosAx+sinAx)
ASSIGNMENT-4
Understanding home tab: Font style and Font size
Types of ROM
PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)
It is a form of digital memory where the setting of each bit is locked by a fuse or antifuse. It
is one of the type of ROM (read-only memory). The data in them is permanent and cannot be
changed. PROMs are used in digital electronic devices to store permanent data, usually low
level programs such as firmware
Flash EEPROM
Flash memory is an electronic (solid-state) non-volatile computer storage medium that can be
electrically erased and reprogrammed. This type of portable storage has become very popular
because of its low price and high storage capacity compared to its rivals, e.g. floppy disk.
Solid state devices are regarded as being robust and reliable because they have no moving
parts with the data stored in semiconductor chips. This technology already exists in the form
of flash memory used to store the Basic Input/ Output System (BIOS) of a motherboard.
Unlike ROM, flash memory can be read form and written to and unlike RAM does not
require power to retain its data.
ASSIGNMENT-5
Each specification should be separated by line. Insert the line spacing of exactly 16pt.
Also create the above resume using the resume wizard facility and write down the steps
for the same.
CURRICULUM .
INTRODUCTION.
NAME. SUMIT SHARMA
ADDRESS:BF-96 ,Janakpuri, New delhi-110005.
CONTACT NO. 8890065900
EMAIL ID. adroitsumit@gmail.com
DATE OF BIRTH. 22TH JANUARY, 1998
OBJECTIVE.
Obtain a challenging leadership position applying creative problem solving
and lean management skills with a growing company to achieve optimum
utilization of its resources and maximum profits.
EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS.
S.NO DEGREE. SCHOOL NAME.
PERCENTAGE YEAR.
TH
1.
10
NOSEGAY PUBLIC
CLASS
SCHOOL
85.30%
2013-14.
TH
2.
12
NOSEGAY PUBLIC
CLASS
SCHOOL
83.20%
2015-16.
:NOW PURSUING FOR BCA(BACHELOR IN COMPUTER APPLICATION)
COURSE.
ACHIEVEMENTS.
RESPECTIVELY.
HOBBIES.
Playing badminton .
Reading books.
Watching movies.
Listening songs.
Sumit Sharma
8890065900
BF-96,janakpuri, NEW DELHI-110005
adroitsumit@gmail.com
[Type your website]
Objectives
Obtain a challenging leadership position applying creative problem solving and lean management
skills with a growing company to achieve optimum utilization of its resources and maximum profits.
Education qualifications.
S.NO
DEGREE.
SCHOOL NAME.
PERCENTAGE
1.
10 TH CLASS
86.30%
2013-14.
2.
12 TH CLASS
83.20%
2015-16.
ACHIEVEMENTS
Skills
YEAR.
Good in leadership.
Good in badminton.
Good in co-cricular activities.
ASSIGNMENT-6
INTRODUCTION TO MS-DOS
(DISK OPERATING SYSYTEM)
WHAT IS DOS ?
DOS (Disk Operating System) is an operating system that runs from a hard disk drive. The
term can also refer to a particular family of disk operating systems, most commonly MSDOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System).
MS-DOS ruled the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995 , or until about 2001
including the partially MS-DOS-based Microsoft Windows (95, 98, and Millennium Edition).
"DOS" is used to describe the family of several very similar command-line systems,
including MS-DOS, PC DOS, DR-DOS, Free DOS, ROM-DOS, and PTS-DOS. MSDOS dominated the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995 , or until about 2001
including the partially MS-DOS-based Microsoft Windows (95, 98, and Millennium Edition).
"DOS" is used to describe the family of several very similar command-line systems,
including MS-DOS, PC DOS,DR-DOS, Free DOS, ROM-DOS, and PTS-DOS.
Directory as a file cabinet that contains folders that contain files. Many graphical user
interfaces use the term folder instead of directory.
The top most directory in any file is called the root directory. A directory that is below
another directory is called a subdirectory. A directory above a subdirectory is called
the parent directory. Under DOS and Windows, the root directory is a back slash (\).
Disadvantages:
1. Very few "new" programs available, therefore you need to be able to write programs in
many cases.
2. Not nearly as fancy in the graphics department.
Sumit Sharma {BCA (M) 1ST YEAR}
DOS COMMANDS
1.Date command: if we write this command in cmd, then it displays or sets
DATE
Input
Output
Uses
Input
Output
Uses
Uses
Output
Uses
OUTPUT
EXIT FROM THE PROGRAM.
Input
Sumit Sharma {BCA (M) 1ST YEAR}
Output
Output
Directory had been created with a folder name SUMIT.
Uses
10. Cd/. Command: if we write this command in cmd,then it went back to the
root directory.
Input and Output
ASSIGNMENT-7
TAKES
INPUT
Takes input in
the form of
raw data
through
various input
devices.
PROVIDES
ARITHEMETIC
AND LOGIC UNIT
MEMORY UNIT
PRIMARY
MEMORY
SECONDARY
MEMORY
CACHE MEMORY
OUTPUT
Provides output
through various
output devices
after converting
the raw data into
an information.
ASSIGNMENT-8
What is Software?
The term software refers to a set of computer program, procedures and
associated documents describing the program and how they are to be
used.
It helps to solve a specific type of problem and helps to perform specific
type of work.
Types of Software
Software are of Two Types System Software
Application Software
System Software
It is a set of one or more programmes designed to control the operation
and extend the processing capability of computer system.
The program which included in a system software package are called
system software.
Examples of system software are: Operating system
Computational science software
Sumit Sharma {BCA (M) 1ST YEAR}
Game engines
Industrial automation
Software as a service application.
Application Software
It is a set of one or more programme designed to perform a specific task
or to solve a specific problem.
The package included in a application software package is called
application software.