Zero Conditional (Tipo 0)

Se usa este tipo de condicional cuando la condicin y el resultado siempre es verdad, como por ejemplo
los hechos cientficos.

IF

Condition

If

Result

present simple

present simple

Ejemplos:

If you heat water to 100 C, it boils. / Water boils if you heat it to 100 C. (Si calientas agua
a 100 C hierve.)

If I dont practice the piano everyday I play poorly. / I play the piano poorly if Idont
practice everyday. (Si no practico el piano cada da toco mal.)
Does your mom get mad if you dont call her? / If you dont call your
mom,does she get mad? (Si no llamas a tu madre, se enoja?)

Nota: Podemos cambiar el orden de las frases sin cambiar el significado. Tambin, en general con este
tipo de condicional, podemos sustituir if por when sin alterar el significado.

First Conditional (Tipo 1)

Este tipo de condicional se utiliza para el futuro y en los casos en que es muy probable que la condicin
pasar.

IF

Condition

If

present simple

Result

future simple (will)

Ejemplos:

If Bill studies, he will pass the exam. / Bill will pass the exam if he studies. (Si Bill estudia,
aprobar el examen.)

If it doesnt rain, we will go to the beach. / We will go to the beach if it doesnt rain. (Si
no llueve, iremos a la playa.)

Will you take the train if you miss the bus? If you miss the bus, will you takethe
train? (Cogers el tren si pierdes el bus?)
Nota: Se puede usar algunos verbos modales en vez de will para cambiar la probabilidad
o expresar una opinin. Para ms informacin, ver la leccin sobre los verbos modales.
Ejemplos:

If it doesnt rain, we may go to the beach. (Significado: Con el uso de may, el significado de esta
frase cambia. Ahora, el hablante reconoce que puede ir a la playa, pero no est tan seguro de si ir.)
If it doesnt rain, we should go to the beach. (Significado: En este caso, el uso de should expresa la
opinin del hablante.)
If it doesnt rain, we can go to the beach. (Significado: Can significa que es posible ir a la playa,
pero no indica la probabilidad.)

Second Conditional (Tipo 2)

Se utiliza el tipo 2 para expresar una posibilidad irreal en el presente, como un deseo o un sueo, o para
una accin en el futuro no tan probable.

IF

Condition

If

past simple

Result

would + infinitivo

Ejemplos:

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. / I would travel around the world
if I won the lottery. (Si ganara la lotera, viajara alrededor del mundo.)
If Rachel had more time, she would learn to play the guitar. / Rachel would learn to
play the guitar if she had more time. (Si Rachel tuviera ms tiempo, aprendera a tocar la guitarra.)
Would you be happy if you were to get married? / If you were to get
married,would you be happy? (Estaras feliz si te casaras?)

Nota: Como en el tipo 1, se pueden usar otros verbos modales en vez de would para cambiar el
significado y la posibilidad.

Third Conditional (Tipo 3)

A diferencia a los tipos 1 y 2, se utiliza el tercer tipo de condicional cuando hablamos de una condicin
en el pasado que no ha sucedido.

IF

Condition

If

past perfect

Result

would have + past participle

Ejemplos:

If I had known then what I know now, I would have done things differently. / Iwould
have done things differently if I had known then what I know now. (Si hubiera sabido en el
pasado lo que s ahora, hubiera hecho las cosas de manera diferente.)

Suzanne wouldnt have had the heart attack if she had gone on a diet as her doctor
recommended. / If Suzanne had gone on a diet as her doctor recommended
she wouldnt have had the heart attack. (Suzanne no hubiera tenido el infarto si hubiera hecho dieta
como su mdico le recomend.)

Would you have liked to go to university if you had been able to afford it? / If you had
been able to afford it, would you have liked to go to university? (Te hubiera gustado ir a la
universidad si te lo hubieras permitido pagar?)

Nota: Como en los tipos 1 y 2, se pueden usar otros verbos modales en vez de would para cambiar el
significado y la probabilidad.

Completa los ejercicios para a

Ejercicios: Conditional Sentences

(Las frases condicionales)
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Completa las frases con la forma correcta del verbo que est
entre parntesis.
Sample
If I win the lottery, I

(buy) a new car.

will buy

Q1 of 8
If we spoke better English, we

(move) to the United States.

Q2 of 8
If it _____ (rain), we should go to the movies.
Q3 of 8
They _____ (wait, not) in the rain, had you called them to tell them you
were going to be late.
Q4 of 8
If Peter _____ (work) less, he would have more time to study.
Q5 of 8
It would have been a nice holiday, if I _____ (break, not) my leg.
Q6 of 8
_____ you _____ (go) to a different show if you can't get tickets to "Les
Miserables"?
Q7 of 8
If she were shorter, she _____ (wear) high heels more often.
Q8 of 8
_____ you _____ (be) angry if I hadn't called to tell you I would be late?
Resolver