Technical Note
Spandrel Shear Design
This Technical Note describes how the program designs concrete wall spandrels for shear using the 1997 UBC. Note that in this program you cannot
specify shear reinforcing and then have the program check it. The program
only designs the spandrel for shear and reports how much shear reinforcing is
required.
The program allows consideration of rectangular sections and T-beam sections for wall spandrels. The shear design for both of these types of spandrel
sections is identical.
General
The wall spandrel shear reinforcing is designed for each of the design load
combinations. The required area of reinforcing for vertical shear is only calculated at the ends of the spandrel beam.
In this program, wall spandrels are designed for major direction flexure and
shear forces only. Effects caused by any axial forces, minor direction bending,
torsion or minor direction shear that may exist in the spandrels must be investigated by the user independent of the program.
The following steps are involved in designing the shear reinforcing for a particular wall spandrel section for a particular design loading combination at a
particular station.
1. Determine the factored shear force Vu.
2. Determine the shear force, Vc, that can be carried by the concrete.
3. Determine the required shear reinforcing to carry the balance of the shear
force.
General
Page 1 of 5
Note:
You can specify in the overwrites that Vc is to be ignored (set to zero) for spandrel shear
calculations.
Step 1 needs no further explanation. The following two sections describe in
detail the algorithms associated with Steps 2 and 3.
Eqn. 1
shear strength reduction factor that applies to lightweight concrete. It is equal to 1 for
normal weight concrete. This factor is specified in the concrete material properties.
Page 2 of 5
Vu
- Vc
Eqn. 2
Vn - Vc
Vs
=
fysdspandrel
fysdspandrel
Eqn. 3
Note:
You can set the output units for the distributed shear reinforcing in the shear wall design
preferences.
The following additional checks are also performed for both seismic and nonseismic spandrels.
When
Ls
d spandrel
Vs 8R LW fc' tsdspandrel ,
Eqn. 4a
Page 3 of 5
When
Ls
V
> 5 and u > 0.5Vc , the minimum areas of vertical and
dspandrel
50t s
fys
Eqn. 4b
Ah-min = 0
Eqn. 4c
When
Ls
dspandrel
> 5 and
Vu
0.5Vc , the minimum areas of vertical and
Eqn. 4d
Note:
When calculating the Ls /dspandrel term, the program always uses the smallest value of
dspandrel that is applicable to the spandrel.
"
When 2
Ls
dspandrel
Vn =
Ls
Vu 2
RLW fc' t sdspandrel
10 +
dspandrel
3
Eqn. 4e
When
A v-min = 0.0015t s
Eqn. 4f
Ah-min = 0.0025t s
Eqn. 4g
Ls
< 2 , the program verifies:
dspandrel
Page 4 of 5
Vn =
Vu
8R LW fc' tsdspandrel ,
Eqn. 4h
Eqn. 4i
Ah-min = 0.0025t s
Eqn. 4j
A vd =
Ls
d spandrel
Vu
,
2 (0.85) fyssin
Eqn. 5
where,
sin =
0.8hs
L2s
+ (0.8hs )2
where hs is the height of the spandrel and Ls is the length of the spandrel.
In the output, the program reports the diagonal shear reinforcing as either
required or not required (i.e., optional). The diagonal shear reinforcing is reported as required when Vu > 4
B? bdspandrel.
Page 5 of 5