Keywords: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Klassen Typology, Location Quotient (LQ)
1. Introduction
Regional autonomy is an autonomous regional authority to regulate and manage the interests of local
peoples own initiative based on the aspirations of the community in accordance with the legislation,
unless the aspects of the authority in the field of foreign policy, defense and security, justice, monetary,
and fiscal, religion and other areas of authority will be determined by government regulation. As a
consequence, the provision of the right and authority to the regions in the form of duties and
obligations to be borne by the region in achieving autonomy, in the form of improved services and
better public welfare, development of democracy, justice and equity, the maintenance of harmonious
relations between the central government and regions and between regions in order to maintain the
integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. In other words, local governments are required (1) able
to accommodate the aspirations of the people in every political decision-making and development, (2)
clean and authoritative bureaucracy (clean and good government).
Autonomous regions are hereinafter referred to local public entity that has the legal authority to
set the limits of a particular area and take care of the interests of the local community, is a habitat for
the resident activities that includes economic activities. Therefore, if it is judged from the goal of
regional development, it can be said that it is a development that involves the community, both in the
5
Papua
GRDP (Million)
Growth (%)
2009
20,046,542.05
0
2010
21,078,933.77
5.15
2011
21,019,419.66
-0.28
2012
16,282,967.57
-22.53
2013
22,237,444.78
36.57
Source: BPS Papua Province and Jayapura City, 2014
Year
Jayapura
GRDP (Million)
1,096,091.51
795.353.37
879,696.45
968,433.80
1,055,091.34
Growth (%)
0
-27.44
10.60
10.09
8.95
From the data in Table 1 above may indicate that the average GDP growth of 3.78% for the
provinces of Papua and 0:44% for the city of Jayapura.
In the implementation of long-term development will cover all aspects of life, whether
economic, political, social, cultural and defense. Each of these aspects affect the pattern of regional
development in the form of interactions between aspects and regions, where the future is faced with
increasingly complex challenges.
The results of the analysis are expected to be used as information in the form of findings about
the economic potential source area of Jayapura City that is superior or prospective and perspectives
that should be developed in order to increase the degree of people's welfare, especially in Jayapura
area.
2. Review of Literature
According to classical economists like Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Thomas Robert Malthus and John
Stuart Mill, there are four factors that imfluence economic growth. Those are the number of
inhabitants, the number of stocks of capital goods, land area and natural resources as well as the level
of technology used (Jhingan, 2000). An economy is said to grow or develop if the amount of goods and
services produced in the economy becomes larger in subsequent years. According to Boediono (1998)
definition of economic growth must differed to the economic development, economic growth is only
one aspect of the economic development more emphasis on increasing aggregate output per capita
aggregate output in particular. Economic growth is the increase in output per capita is constant in the
long run.
Meanwhile, according to Frederich listber (in Davey, 1988) is the economic growth levels
known as Stuffen Theorien (ladder theory). The stages of economic growth divided by 4 as follows: 1.
The period of hunting and wandering At this time humans have not met their needs very pocket on
providing for the needs of nature and life itself 2. The Raising and Cultivating. At this this time
humans have started to think for a sedentary life. So they made their living farming. 3. The period of
Farming and Crafts At this time humans had a sedentary life while maintaining the planted wood craft
of teaching only a sideline. 4. Period of craft, industry, and trade. At this time the craft is not as a
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3. Methodology
This study used quantitative methods in data collection and analysis. Besides, this study also collected
qualitative data and also used traditional research methods with depth interviews with the sources for
this research was conducted in the city of Jayapura in Papua Province. The data collected was used in
this study-source revenue (PAD), Tax-Based Profit Sharing funds, Gross Domestic.
The analysis of this research is the identification of the economic potential of this area of the
city of Jayapura which is done by processing approach to the study of literature and secondary data.
The research literature was conducted to obtain the theoretical basis that can support the writing. This
data was obtained from the literature and the results of previous studies related to the subject matter of
the study. From the secondary data required is then processed by the formulation used as a theoretical
basis. Secondary data were observed in the period 2009-2013. The time span is taken under
consideration the dynamics of economic growth in the city of Jayapura This analysis is used to
determine the classification of regional economic growth Jayapura. 1)Analysis Typology of Klassen:
This analysis is used to The formulation of this analysis tool as follows.
Table 2:
Y sector YGRDP
Developed Sector
Under Developed Sector
4. Result Research
4.1 Klassen Typology Analysis: Growth and Contributions
Quotients Klassen in this study was conducted with the approach of the total GDP of Jayapura and also
cities and districts (towns) in the province of Papua. This approach is used to determine each district's
economy and the city of Jayapura in Papua, so that the known performance of the economy in the city
of Jayapura as compared to other districts (towns) / cities within the scope of Papua. Knowledgeable
position of economic performance districts / cities can be used as a decisive step in the planning
information for the improvement of the next stage. The available data are then presented and analyzed
by Klassen Typology theory approach. This analysis shows the classification of the position of the
economy as compared to the economic Jayapura Papua or cumulative of cities and counties in Papua.
The variables analyzed were the GDP and economic growth during the observation period, namely:
2009-2013. Jingan (2000) explains that by using the typology analysis Klassen, a sector can be
grouped into four categories: primary sector, the potential sector, the development sector and
underdeveloped sector.
Table 3:
Big
Contribution
Construction Sector
FIRST RATE
Mining & Quarrying Sector
Small
Trade, Hotel, & Restaurants Sector
Contribution
Manufacturing Sector
(Kij < Kin)
DEVELOPED
Fast Growth
(Rij > = Rin)
Source: Data processed by authors, 2014
Small
Contribution
UNDER DEVELOPED
Slowly Growth
(Rij < Rin)
Sector
2009
1. Agriculture
0.69
2. Mining & Quarrying
0.01
3. Manufacturing& Industry
3.60
4. Electricity & Water Supply
10.54
5. Construction
4.35
6. Trade, Hotel, & restaurants
4.19
7. Transport & Communication
6.72
8. Finance & Business Services
8.89
9. Services
5.30
Source: Data processed by authors, 2014
2010
1.34
0.02
5.07
12.81
7.72
8.10
2.94
0.38
0.60
2011
1.22
0.02
4.50
11.13
7.24
7.20
2.34
3.29
0.54
2012
0.91
0.02
3.26
7.68
5.49
5.04
1.57
2.31
0.38
2013
1.15
0.02
4.19
9.37
7.39
6.26
1.86
2.60
0.49
Average
1.06
0.02
4.12
10.30
6.44
6.16
3.09
3.50
1.46
The results of the calculations in Table 4 were analyzed with the application of the theory of
LQ on the results of these comparisons will be presented with the criteria, if the comparison is greater
than one would otherwise excellent (U), whereas if the comparison is less than one then it will be
declared null and seed (TU). If there is no activity in Jayapura same with activities in Papua, it does not
compare or non-notated Data (ND).
10
No
Classification of Economy Activities in Jayapura City Compared to The Same Economy Activities
in Jayapura Province, 2009-2013
Sector
2009
Not
1 Agriculture
Dominant
Not
2 Mining & Quarrying
Dominant
3 Manufacturing& Industry
Dominant
4 Electricity & Water Supply
Dominant
5 Construction
Dominant
6 Trade, Hotel, & Restaurants Dominant
7 Transport & Communication Dominant
8 Finance & Business Services Dominant
9 Services
Dominant
Source: Data processed by authors, 2014.
2010
2011
Dominant
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
2012
Not
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
2013
Average
Dominant
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Dominant
Based on the analysis of LQ criterion, in Table 5 above, it appears that there are some sectors of
economic activity in Jayapura are superior to the same activities in Papua or have weight coefficients
LQ> 1. This means that the sector role in the economy of Jayapura City make a major contribution, so
it can trigger other sectors and will also affect the level of the wider region. Therefore, the sector can
be relied upon to be developed, because it has the prospect of a hopeful future for the economy,
especially Jayapura and simultaneously support the economy in Papua. Economic activity that can be
used as the basis of the following criteria: That the average of the sector from the beginning of the year
until the end of the observation has a superior weight.
The results of the analysis that meets these criteria is the manufacturing sector, electricity and
water supply, construction, trade, transport and communications. These sectors are the sectors that
basis have the opportunity to "sell" to other areas and can create multiplier effects (multiplier effect) on
employment, production and income will be the welfare of society.
Analysis of the economic potential of supporting resources owned by the city of Jayapura,
indicating that the activity of leading sector approach by means of LQ very real effect. Supporting
resources owned by, among others, the potential of human resources and physical infrastructure
potential, in addition to the geographical location Jayapura City favorable. It is therefore not surprising
that these sectors have the LQ coefficients greater than one. These sectors have the selling power
because the contribution to the GDP formation was in excess of one.
The sectors that have LQ coefficients less than one, or even show a tendency decreases from
year to year, meaning that the need for the city of Jayapura to these sectors remains to be imported
from other regions. For example, in the food crops sub-sector, the need for vegetables, fruits and the
like will be imported from other regions. The mining sector, for example, mineral class c used as a
building material, should also be brought in from the surrounding area. It includes the manufacturing
sector, especially the industries use imported raw materials and other products.
5. Conclusions
The main finding is based on analysis pattern and economic structure Jayapura with some approaches
to analysis tools show that:
1) The construction sector is included in the prime sector qualifications, it is largely attributable to
the growth rate of the construction sector in the city of Jayapura larger than the building sector
in the province of Papua, as well as the relatively large contribution to the economy. Economic
sectors are grouped into potential sectors are transportation and communications, agriculture,
services and utilities and financial sectors, due to its slow growth but a major contribution to
economic growth. Mining and quarrying, hotel and restaurant trade and industrial sectors are
grouped into a growing sector, due to its rapid growth, but make a small contribution to the
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