TOPIK

: CARBON COMPOUND

TAHUN
SEKSYEN

: 2011
:C

NO. SOALAN : 9
(a) Diagram 9 shows the strucktural formulae of hydrocarbons A,B,C,D and E.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi hidrokarbon A,B,C,D dan E.

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Based on Diagram 9, identify which hydrocarbons are isomers and

state the names of the isomers.
Berdasarkan Rajah 9, kenal pasti hidrokarbon yang merupakan
isomer dan nyatakan nama bagi isomer-isomer itu.
[3
marks/markah]
Describe briefly a chemical test to differentiate between
hydrocarbons A and C.
Huraikan secara ringkas satu ujian kimia untuk membezakan
hidrokarbon A dan hidrokarbon C.
[3
marks/markah]
Alkanes and alkenes burnt completely in oxygen to produce water
and carbon dioxide gas. By using one of the hydrocarbons in
Diagram 9, write a balanced chemical equation for the complete
combustion for that hydrocarbon.
Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced when 0.02
mol of that hydrocarbon is completely burnt.
[Molar volume at room conditions = 24.0 dm3 per mol]
Alkana dan alkena terbakar lengkap dalam oksigen menghasilkan
air dan gas karbon dioksida. Dengan menggunakan satu daripada
hidrokarbon di dalam Rajah 9, tulis persamaan kimia seimbang bagi
pembakaran lengkap untuk hidrokarbon itu.
Hitung isi padu gas karbon dioxksida yang terhasil apabila 0.02 mol
hidrokarbon tersebut terbakar lengkap.

[Isi padu molar pada keadaan bilik = 24.0 dm3 per mo]
[4
marks/markah]
(b) Table 9 shows the properties of three carbon compounds, X,Y and Z.
Jadual 9 menunjukkan sifat-sifat bagi tiga sebatian karbon, X, Y dan Z.
Carbon
compound
Sebatian
karbon
X

Properties
Sifat
Insoluble in water
Tidak larut dalam air
Decolourise the brown colour of bromine water
Menyahwarnakan warna perang air bromin
Soluble in water
Larut dalam air
Reacts with magnesium to produce hydroge gas
Bertindak balas dengan magnesium untuk menghasilkan
gas hidogen
Soluble in water
Larut dalm air
Burns with a non-sooty blue flame
Terbakar dengan nyalaan biru tak berjelaga
Table 9 /
Jadual 9

Based on the information in Table 9, state which of the carbon compound

is an alkene, an alcohol or a carboxylic acid.
Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Jadual 9, nyatakan sebatian karbon
manakah yang merupakan suatu alkena, alkohol atau asid karbosilik.
[3
marks/markah]
(c) Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form esters and water.
By using one named example of an alcohol and one named example of a
carboxylic acid, describe the preparation of an ester in the laboratory.
In your description, include the chemical equation for the reaction.
Alkohol bertindakbalas dengan asid karboksilik untuk menghasilkan ester
dan air.
Dengan menggunakan satu alkohol yang dinamakan da sat asid
karboksilik yang dinamakan, huraikan penyediaan ester di dalam makmal.
Dalam huraian anda, sertakan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas itu.
[7
marks/markah]

ANSWER FRAME
(a) (i) ___ and ___ are isomers
___ is _______________
___ is _______________
(ii)
1 cm3 of ___________ is _______ into each of compound ___ and
compound ___
Compound ___ does not change the _______ colour of the bromine
water
Compound C ______________ the _______ colour of bromine water
(iii)
_______ +__O2 __CO2 + __H2O
Number of moles of CO2 = 0.02 x ___ = ______ mole
Volume of CO2 = ______ x 24 = _______ dm3
(b) X = _______________
Y = _______________
Z = _______________
(c) Materials : ___________ and ___________ acid
Procedure:
1. ________ of absolute ethanol is ________ into a ___________
2. ________ of glacial ethanoic acid is _______ to the ethanol in the
__________
3. ______ drops of _____________________ is added into the mixture
4. The mixture is ____________
Chemical equations: CH3COOH + C2H5OH ____________ + H2O

MARKING SCHEME
(d) (i) C and D are isomers
C is pent-2-ene
D is 2-methylbut-2-ene
(ii)
1 cm3 of bromine water is added into each of compound A
and compound C
Compound A does not change the brown colour of the bromine
water
Compound C decolourised the brown colour of bromine water
(iii)
C4H8 + 6O2 4CO2 + 4H2O
Number of moles of CO2 = 0.02 x 4 = 0.08 mole
Volume of CO2 = 0.08 x 24 = 1.92 dm3
(e) X = Alkene
Y = Carboxylic acid
Z = Alcolhol
(f) Materials : Ethanol and ethanoic acid
Procedure:
5. 5 cm3 of absolute ethanol is poured into a boiling tube
6. 5 cm3 of glacial ethanoic acid is added to the ethanol in the
boiling tube
7. Five drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is added into the
mixture
8. The mixture is heated
Chemical equations: CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O