9R-91
Howard K. Eggleston
S. E. Hicks
John F. McLaughlin
Joseph H. Moore
T. E. Howell
C. E. Lovewell
Israel Narrow
Thomas J. Pasko, Jr.
William A. Yrjanson
Ralph L. Duncan,
Chairman
Richard O. Albright
William A. Arent
Glen E. Bollin
Jerry E. Breite
Jo Coke
Benjamin Colluci
Michael I. Darter
Howard J. Durham
Robert J. Fluhr
Nader Ghafoori
Wilbur C. Greer, Jr.
Amir N. Hanna
Morris Skip Huffman
Oswin Keifer, Jr.
Starr Kohn
Ronald J. Larsen
Torbjorn J. Larsen
Richard A. McComb Sr.
B. Frank McCullough
Paul E. Mueller
Jon I. Mullarky
Antonio Nanni
Thomas J. Pasko, Jr.
Ronald L. Peltz
Robert W. Piggott
Steven A. Ragan
John L. Rice
Raymond S. Rollings
Matthew W. Ross
Michel A. Sargious
Milton R. Sees
Terry W. Sherman
Douglas C. Staab
Douglas W. Weaver
C. Philip Weisz
Gerald E. Wixson
William A. Yrjanson
ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standard Practices, and Commentaries are intended for guidance in designing, planning, executing, or
inspecting construction, and in preparing specifications. Reference
to these documents shall not be made in the Project Documents. If
items found in these documents are desired to be part of the Project
Documents, they should be phrased in mandatory language and
incorporated into the Project Documents.
325.9R-1
325.9R-2
CONTENTS
Chapter 1-Introduction
Chapter 2-Materials
2.1-Sources
2.2-Chemical admixtures
2.3-Aggregates
2.4-Cement and cementitious materials
2.5-Curing materials
2.6-Expansion joint filler
2.7-Joint sealants
2.8-Nonbituminous inserts
2.9-Reinforcing steel and accessories
2.10-Water
3.1-Sampling
3.2-Test methods
3.3-Flexural strength of concrete as basis
of design
3.4-Strength tests of field concrete
3.5-Job control acceptance criteria
3.6-Gradation, specific gravity, and absorption
of aggregates
3.7-Air content
3.8-Consistency
4.1-General
4.2-Fine grading
4.3-Requirements and checking of the
finished grade
4.4-Stationary forms
5.1-General
5.2-Longitudinal joints
5.3-Isolation or expansion joints
5.4-Weakened plane contraction joints
5.5-Transverse construction joints
5.6-Load transfer devices
5.7-Installation of dowel assemblies
5.8-Joint sealing
5.9-Placing reinforcement
6.1-General statement
6.2-Properties for pavements and bases
6.3-Proportioning
7.1-Methods of production
Chapter 8-Mixing concrete
8.1-Batching plants
8.2-Measurement and handling of materials
8.3-Central-mixed concrete
8.4-Ready-mixed concrete
9.1-Placing
9.2-Spreading
9.3-Consolidation
9.4-Finishing
9.5-Texturing of surface
9.6-Edging
9.7-Ramps and intersections
9.8-Surface requirements
Chapter 10-Curing and protecting concrete
10.1-Curing
10.2-Cold weather curing
10.3-Protection of finished pavement
10.4-Protection against rain
11.1-General
11.2-Materials
11.3-Econocrete
11.4-Proportioning
11.5-Transverse weakened-plane joints
11.6-Surface finishing
11.7-Curing for base courses
13.1-Thickness tolerances
Chapter 14-References
325.9R-4
Fig. 1b-A slipform paving operation showing paver components (Courtesy CMI Corp.)
CHAPTER 2-MATERIALS
2.1-Sources
2.2-Chemical admixtures
Admixtures may be used to modify the properties of concrete so that it will be more suitable
for a particular purpose. Their use to obtain
desirable characteristics should be based on
appropriate evaluation of their effects on specific combinations of materials and on economic
considerations. Air-entraining admixtures
should be used to improve durability and workability. Water-reducing admixtures may reduce
total water content and water-to-cementitious
materials ratio, thus increasing compressive
strength, flexural strength, and durability, and
decreasing permeability, shrinkage, and creep.
Some admixtures accelerate the time of setting
of concrete, permitting earlier finishing, removal
of forms, and opening of lanes to traffic, as well
as reduce the time of protection from freezing
during cold weather. Others can retard the time
of setting of concrete where rapid setting is
undesirable. Many retarding admixtures accelerate strength gain once initial set is attained
2.3-Aggregates
325.9R-5
325.9R-6
325.9R-7
3.1-Sampling
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325.9R-9
325.9R-10
325.9R-11
325.9R-12
325.9R-13
325.9R-14
325.9R-15
325.9R-16
325.9R-17
325.9R-18
325.9R-19
325.9R-20
surfaces.
9.4.3 Procedure - Regardless of the type of
equipment used, good results are attainable if all
machines are coordinated, properly adjusted,
and operated by experienced personnel.
Slipform pavers should carry a constant, uniform
roll of concrete ahead of the strike-off device to
submerge the internal vibrators and equalize the
depth of concrete placed by the spreader. It is
almost impossible for following equipment in the
train to completely equalize the depth if a
spreader has a tendency to leave too much, too
little, or erratic amounts of concrete.
9.4.4 Hand finishing - If a significant amount
of hand finishing becomes necessary when
paving with any type of full-scale paving
equipment, the operation should be stopped and
procedures altered to eliminate the need for
hand work. No water should be added to the
surface for finishing purposes.
9.5-Texturing of surface
Fig. 9.5-Different textures used to increase skid resistance: (1) burlap drag (2) wire comb, (3) heavy nylon
bristle broom, (4) fine nylon bristle broom, (5) natural bristle broom, (6) grooving tool plus natural bristle
broom, and (7) planer. (Courtesy Missouri State Highway Commission)
9.6-Edging
325.9R-22
325.9R-23
11.2-Materials
325.9R-24
T 26
325.9R-25
311.5R
318
325.6R
504R
544.1R
214
221R
ASTM
A 184
223
211.1
212.3R
A 185
225R
226.1R
A 497
226.3R
A 615
304R
A 616
A 617
A 775/
A 775M
A 884
C 31
305R
306R
306.1
308
309R
311.4R
325.9R-26
C 192
C 231
C 260
C 309
C 494
C 595
C 618
C 684
C 845
C 989
D 994
C 33
C 39
C 42
C 78
C 94
C 109
C 127
C 128
C 136
C 138
C 143
C 150
D 1190
C 171
D 1751
C 173
D 1752
325.9R-27
D 1850
D 1854
D 2628
D 2828
D 2835
D 3406
D 3569
Federal standards
Sealing Compound, Two
SS-S200
Components, Elastomeric
Polymer Type, Jet-Fuel-Resistant,
Cold Applied, Concrete Paving
AASHTO standards can be obtained from
the American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials, 341 National Press
Building, Washington, D. C. 20004.