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median, 132 33
mode, 133 34
Measures of dispersion, 134 37
mean deviation, 134 35
range, 134
standard deviation, 135 36
Measures of relationship, 138 42
Measures of skewness, 136 37
Kurtosis, 137
Measurement in research, 69 70
interval data, 70
nominal data, 70
ordinal data, 70
ratio data, 70
Measurement scales, 71 72
interval scale, 71 72
nominal scale, 71
ordinal scale, 71
ratio scale, 72
Measuring the power of a hypothesis test, 193 95
Memory chips, 364
Motivation research, 3
Multicollinearity, 142
Multi stage sampling, 16, 65 66
Multivariate analysis techniques: 315 40
factor analysis, 321 37
multidimensional scaling, 91 92, 338
metric approach, 91 92
non-metric approach, 92
multiple correlation, 142 43
multiple discriminant analysis, 130, 319 21
multiple regression, 130, 318 19
multivariate analysis of variance, 130, 321
Nominal scale, 71
Non-parametric tests, 283 312
Chi-square test, 195 96, 233 50
Fisher-Irwin test, 288 89
Kendall s coefficient of concordance, 307 310
McNemer test, 289 91
Null-hypothesis, 185 86
One sample runs test, 300 302
Signed rank test, 291 93
Sign tests, 284 88
Spearman s rank correlation, 302 307
Rank sum tests: 293

H-test, 298 300

U-test, 293 98
Observation method, 96 97
controlled observation, 97
disguised observation, 96
participant observation, 96
structured observation, 96
unstructured observation, 96
Paired t-test, 196
Pantry audits, 106
Parametric tests, 195 96
Partial correlation, 143 44
Path analysis, 339 40
Pilot survey, 27
Post factum interpretation, 344
Precision, 154 55
Primary data, 95
Principal-components method, 330 31
Principles of experimental designs: 39 40
local control, 40
randomization, 40
replication, 40
Problems of researchers, 21 22
Processing operations, 122 29
Projective techniques, 107 10
Q-type factor analysis, 336
Quartimax rotation, 336
Questionnaire, 100 104
Quota sampling, 16, 59
Randomized Block Design (R.B. Design), 45
Random sampling, 15, 59 60
Ranking scales, 80
Rating scales, 78 80
graphic rating, 78 79
itemized rating, 79
Regression, 141 43
Report writing, 19 20, 344 59
Research:
meaning of, 1 2
motivation in, 2
objectives of, 2
significance of 5 7
types of, 2 4
Research approaches, 5
Research design, 14, 31 39
Research hypothesis, 34
Research methods 7 8
Research methodology, 8