Conted - FR12bIBC OK PDF

The IBC A Step by Step Process
Session ID: FR12

Date:
June 09, 2006
Time:
8:15 am - 9:45 am
AIA 2006 National Convention and Design Exposition
This program is registered with the

AIA/CES for continuing professional
education. As such, it does not include
content that may be deemed or construed
to be an approval or endorsement by the
AIA of any material of construction or any
method or manner of handling, using,
distributing, or dealing in any material or
product. Questions related to specific
materials, methods, and services may be
addressed at the conclusion of this
presentation.

Presented by:
Carroll Lee Pruitt, FAIA, NCARB

Pruitt Consulting, Inc.
Bedford, Texas
and
William Rakatansky, AIA, CSI, NCARB

FreemanWhite, Inc.
Charlotte, North Carolina
for
THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF
ARCHITECTS - 2006 CONVENTION
6/15/2006

WILLIAM RAKATANSKY, AIA, NCARB
FreemanWhite, Inc.
8025 Arrowridge Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28273
704-523-2230
wrakatan@freemanwhite.com
codeman01@bellsouth.net
PROVIDERS:
AIA CENTER FOR BUILDING PERFORMANCE KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITY
FREEMANWHITE, INC.
PRUITT CONSULTING
6/15/2006
DILBERT: Copyright Scott Adams / Dist. By United Feature Syndicate, Inc.
6/15/2006
An architect's strongest defense against charges

of professional negligence (other than being
letter perfect in the details) is in the concept of
"The Standard Of Care"; namely, the law does
not expect an architect to be a 'perfect
machine'...rather it expects the architect to
merely perform his or her services in the same
manner that other architects with similar
experience, background, and education would
perform under similar circumstances.
6/15/2006
For a charge of professional negligence,

the plaintiff must spend money on expert
witnesses, documentation, and evidence
that the architect acted "below the
standard of care"....in other words,
architects of similar background in the
same circumstances 'would not have
performed in such a manner'. It is up to
the plaintiff to prove professional
negligence, not up to the architect to
prove his or her competence;
6/15/2006
EXCEPT;
....if the problem being adjudicated is shown to
result directly from a building code violation
in the architect's design....then, the plaintiff
no longer has to build a case of
professional negligence. The law then says
that professional negligence has been shown,
"prima facie" professional negligence has
occurred.......and the plaintiff no longer has to
furnish expert witnesses or documentation to
show professional negligence...all that's left is
to see how much damages will be assigned
to the architect.
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AGENDA
Recommended Listing of Steps Involved

Detailed Descriptions of Selected Code
Provisions Within Above Steps:
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
03
05
06
04
10
11
07
Occupancy Classifications
Allowable Height and Area
Construction Types
Special Occupancies
Means of Egress
Accessibility
Fire Resistance
Based on 2003 International Building Code
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STEPS INVOLVED:
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10
ONE: Determine Occupancy

Classification:
Establish the occupant load for Assembly and
other occupancies as needed.
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11
ONE:
TWO:
Determine Occupancy Classification:
Determine Building
Attributes:
Once the occupancy classification and occupant

loads have been established as necessary,
check fire sprinkler requirements based upon
occupancy.
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12
ONE:
TWO:
THREE:
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Determine Building Attributes:
Determine Type of
Construction:
13
ONE:
TWO:
THREE: Determine Type of Construction:
FOUR:
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Determine Location of
building on Property.
14
ONE:
TWO:
THREE:
FOUR:

Determine Type of Construction:
building on Property.
FIVE:
Determine Allowable
Increases:
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15
ONE:
TWO:
THREE:
FOUR:
FIVE:
SIX:
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building on Property:
Determine Allowable Increases:
Determine Allowable
Area for Multistory
Buildings:
16
SIX:
SEVEN:
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Determine Allowable Area for

Multistory Buildings:
Compare Actual
conditions with
Allowable Maximums:
17
SIX:

SEVEN: Compare Actual conditions with
Allowable Maximums:
EIGHT:
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Determine Special
Occupancy
Requirements
18
SIX:

Allowable Maximums:
EIGHT: Determine Special Occupancy
Requirements:
NINE:
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Determine Exit
Requirements:
19

Allowable Maximums:
EIGHT: Determine Special Occupancy
Requirements:
NINE:
Determine Exit Requirements:
TEN:
SIX:
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Determine
Accessibility
Requirements:
20
TEN:
ELEVEN:
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Determine Accessibility Requirements:
Determine Fire
Resistance of
Elements:
21
TEN:
ELEVEN:
Determine Fire Resistance of
Elements:
TWELVE: Determine General
Structural
Requirements:
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22
TEN:
ELEVEN:
Determine Fire Resistance of
Elements:
TWELVE:
Determine General Structural
Requirements:
THIRTEEN:
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Determine
Detailed Fire
Protection
Requirements:
23
THIRTEEN:
FOURTEEN:
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Determine Detailed Fire

Protection Requirements:
Determine
Interior Finish
Requirements:
24
THIRTEEN:
FOURTEEN:
FIFTEEN:
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Determine Detailed Fire

Protection Requirements:
Determine Interior Finish
Requirements:
Determine All
other Applicable,
Detailed Code
Requirements.
25
Detailed Descriptions of Selected

Code Provisions
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26

STEP ONE:
6/15/2006
27
STEP ONE:
Determine Occupancy
Classification:
A) Primary Occupancy
Secondary Occupancy
C) Incidental Uses
D) Accessory Uses
E) Mixed Occupancies
Establish use of separated versus

non-separated uses.
6/15/2006
28
STEP ONE - Primary Occupancy:
There are ten (10) Use Classifications,

some of these are divided into Subclassifications.
These are organized using similar fire
hazard and life safety characteristics
The code rationally applies requirements to
each Use Classification Group to lessen the
risk.
The Code uses a series of compromises to
obtain relative fire and occupant safety.
6/15/2006
29
STEP ONE :
Occupancies :
ASSEMBLY - A
A-1: Production and viewing of performing

arts or motion pictures, usually with
fixed seating.
A-2: Food and drink consumption
A-3: Worship, recreation or amusement
A-4: Viewing of indoor sporting events
A-5: Viewing of outdoor sporting events
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30
STEP ONE :
Occupancies:
BUSINESS - B
EDUCATIONAL - E
FACTORY & INDUSTRIAL - F
F-1:Moderate Hazard Factory
F-2:Low Hazard Factory
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31
STEP ONE :
Occupancies:
HIGH HAZARD - H
H-1:
H-2:
H-3:
H-4:
H-5:
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Detonation Hazard
Deflagration Hazard
Combustion Hazard
Health (Toxic) Hazard
Semiconductor Fabrication
32
STEP ONE :
Occupancies:
INSTITUTIONAL - I
I-1: Assisted Living Facilities (16 or
more)
I-2: Hospital and Nursing Facilities
I-3: Jail and Prison Facilities
I-4: Day Care Facilities (child and
adult)
MERCANTILE - M
6/15/2006
33
STEP ONE :
Occupancies:
RESIDENTIAL - R
R-1:
R-2:
R-3:
R-4:
Hotel and Motel Facilities

Multifamily Apartment Facilities
One and Two Family Dwelling Units
Assisted Living Facilities (less than 16)
STORAGE - S
S-1: Moderate Hazard Storage
S-2: Low Hazard Storage
UTILITY and MISCELLANEOUS - U

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34
STEP ONE:
Incidental Uses:
Rooms that are special hazards to
life safety beyond the protection
of the occupancy in which they
are located.
The code intends for protection of these
areas in Table 302.1.1 to be mandatory
or they MUST be treated as mixed
occupancies.
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35
STEP ONE:
Accessory Uses:
Different uses within the principal Use
Classification MAY BE Accessory Uses
when maximum 10 percent in size,
and:
They do NOT present a significantly
different life safety hazard.
Accessory Uses are NOT Incidental
Uses.
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36
STEP ONE:
Mixed Occupancies:
Most buildings contain more than one

use.
If the uses cannot be classified as
Incidental Use Areas or as Accessory
Use Areas,
THEN:
The building MUST be classified as a MIXED
OCCUPANCY
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37
STEP ONE:
Mixed Occupancies:
There are TWO OPTIONS that the
DESIGNER may use to address Mixed
Occupancy Situations:
1) Non-Separated Occupancies
2) Separated Occupancies
6/15/2006
38
STEP ONE:
NON-Separated Mixed Occupancies:
Fire rated separations are NOT required
when:
the most restrictive height limits are used for the
ENTIRE BUILDING, AND
the most restrictive area limits are used for the
ENTIRE BUILDING, AND
the most restrictive type of construction applies to
the ENTIRE building, AND
(see continuation next slide).
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39
STEP ONE:
NON-Separated Mixed Occupancies:
Fire rated separations are NOT required
when:
the most restrictive fire protection requirements
(sprinklers, alarms, etc.) apply to the ENTIRE
BUILDING, AND
the most restrictive high rise provisions (if
applicable) apply to the ENTIRE BUILDING , AND
all of the other requirements of the code apply to
EACH of the different occupancies.
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40
STEP ONE:
Separated Mixed Occupancies:

Each of the mixed uses must be
separated by:
Fire Barrier Walls per Section 706, OR

Fire Walls per Section 705, OR
Horizontal Rated Assemblies per 710
THEN: Each portion is separately classified

for its respective use for egress, sprinklers,
etc.
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41
6/15/2006
2003 International Building Code, Pg. 25
42
STEP ONE:
Separated Mixed Occupancies:
The separated areas shall be Fire Areas.

Each Fire Area is to comply with the HEIGHT
Limits and Type of Construction, based on Use
of space.
FOR EACH STORY, the sum of the ratios of
actual floor area for each use, divided by
the allowable area for each use, SHALL
NOT EXCEED 1.
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43

STEP TWO:
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44
STEP TWO:

A)
B)
C)
D)
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Calculate the actual square footage per floor.

Determine the actual height of the building in
feet.
Determine the actual height of the building in
stories.
Determine if the building will be sprinkled.
45
STEP TWO (A):
Calculate square footage per floor:
Based upon the definition of Building Area:

The area WITHIN exterior walls or fire walls.
(Inside face to Inside face)
Includes areas NOT HAVING exterior walls, but
having a roof covering, or has a covering floor above
the area with no walls.
Does NOT include areas open to the sky, such as
courtyards, or vent shafts.
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46

Definition:
BUILDING AREA:
Inside face
to inside
face
Roof above
- included in Area
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Court open to sky - NOT

INCLUDED in Area
Horizontal overhang of Floor

above - included in Area 47
STEP TWO (B):
Determine Height of Building in Feet:
This is based upon the definition of Grade

Plane:
An imaginary reference plane which is the
AVERAGE of Finish Ground Level next to the
building exterior walls.
Measurements for Building Height in Feet begin at
the GRADE PLANE.
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48
STEP TWO (B): (Continued)
Determine Height of Building in Feet:
BUILDING HEIGHT: The vertical distance

(in feet) from GRADE PLANE to the average
height of the highest roof surface.
Two points of measurement are needed:

Grade Plane:
Lower point of measurement
Upper point of measurement
Roof Surface:
For SLOPED roofs, the AVERAGE (Mid-point) of the roof
surface is used as the Upper point of measurement.
For roofs with multiple levels, the HIGHEST roof surface is
used as the Upper point of measurement.
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49
STEP TWO (C):
Determine Height of Building in Stories:
BASEMENT: The portion of a building that is

partly or completely below Grade Plane.
A basement becomes a STORY, where the surface
of the floor above the assumed basement is:
More than 6 feet above Grade Plane, OR
More than 6 feet above Finished Ground Level, for
MORE than one-half the building perimeter, OR
More than 12 feet above Finished Ground Level, at
ANY POINT.
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50

BASEMENT:
CONDITION #1
STORY B
10
STORY A
10
15
Greater
than 6 feet
Grade Plane
BASEMENT
Grade
The basement becomes a story, because the floor of Story A
is 6/15/2006
more than 6 feet above grade plane.
51

BASEMENT:
CONDITION #2
STORY B
10
STORY A
10
Grade Plane
BASEMENT
15
Greater
than 6 feet
Grade

is more than 6 feet above finished ground level for more than
one-half the building perimeter.
6/15/2006
52

CONDITION #3
BASEMENT:
STORY B
10
STORY A
10
Grade Plane
15
Greater
than 12 feet
BASEMENT
Grade
is more than 12 feet above finished ground level at any one
point.
6/15/2006
53
STEP TWO (D):
Determine if the Building is Sprinkled:
Owners may desire sprinklers.

The size of the building related to the
construction type may require sprinklers.
The occupancy classification of the building
may require sprinklers.
The size of FIRE AREAS may require
sprinklers.
6/15/2006
54

STEP THREE
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55
STEP THREE
Determine Construction Type:
There are 5 TYPES of CONSTRUCTION:
Type 1 (Noncombustible AND Rated)

Type 2 (Noncombustible AND Rated or Unrated)
Type 3 (Noncombustible EXTERIOR WALLS
AND:
AND:
Combustible INTERIOR ELEMENTS,

Rated or Unrated)
Type 4 (Heavy Timber AND Rated or Unrated)

Type 5 (Combustible AND Rated or Unrated)
6/15/2006
56
STEP THREE
Types 1, 2, 3 and 5 are further subdivided into:
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
1-A
1-B
2-A
2-B
3-A
3-B
5-A
5-B
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(Highest Fire ratings - 3 Hour)

(Middle Fire ratings - 2 Hour)
(Lowest Fire ratings - 1 Hour)
(NO Fire ratings)
(High Fire ratings - 1 Hour)
(NO Fire ratings)
(High Fire ratings - 1 Hour)
(NO Fire ratings)
57
STEP THREE

FIRE RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING ELEMENTS IN HOURS
TYPE 1
A
Structural Frame- (a)

Including Columns, Girders, Trusses
Bearing WallsExterior ( f )
Interior
BUILDING ELEMENT
TYPE 2
A (d)
TYPE 3
A (d)
3 (b)
2 (b)
3
3 (b)
2
2 (b)
1
1
0
0
Nonbearing Walls and Partitions

Exterior
Interior ( e )
TYPE 4
HT
TYPE 5
A (d)
HT
2
1
2
0
2
1 / HT
1
1
0
0
SEE TABLE 602

SEE SECTION 602
Floor ConstructionIncluding Supporting Beams and Joists
HT
Roof ConstructionIncluding Supporting Beams and Joists
1-1/2 ( c )
1(c)
1(c)
0(c)
1(c)
HT
1(c)
6/15/2006
58

STEP FOUR
Determine Location of Building on Property:
6/15/2006
59
STEP FOUR:
Determine Location of Building on

Property.
A) Determine clearances to property
lines and other buildings.
B) Determine Actual Percentage of
exterior wall openings.
6/15/2006
60
STEP FOUR (A)
Determine Clearances to Property Lines

and Other Buildings:
Fire Separation Distance:

The distance from the building exterior wall to:
the closest interior property line, or

the centerline of a street, or
an imaginary line between buildings on the same
property.
The Fire Separation Distance must be

measured at right angles to the building.
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61

STEP FOUR (A) LOCATION OF BUILDING ON
PROPERTY:
90 degrees
F.S.D.
F.S.D
F.S.D
F.S.
D.
D.
.
S
.
F
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90 degrees
CL of Street
62
STEP FOUR (A) LOCATION OF BUILDING ON

PROPERTY:
F.S.D. for
Bldg B
Bldg
B
CL Street
Assumed
Property Line
Bldg
A
F.S.D. for Bldg A
6/15/2006
63
STEP FOUR (B) DETERMINE ACTUAL PERCENTAGE OF WALL

OPENINGS:
50 feet
12 feet
6x4 wdo
10x4 wdo
100 feet
3 x7 door
6x6 louver
18 feet
6x7 door
ELEV. 1
50 feet
ELEV. 2
50 feet
ELEV. 4
12 feet
26x34 storefront
(Spandrel Included)
18 feet
ELEV. 3
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64
STEP FOUR (B)
Determine Actual Percentage of Wall

Openings:
PE R C E N T O F E X T ER IO R O P E N IN G S P E R S T O R Y :
E L E V A T IO N
F IR ST F L O O R A R E A
P E R C E N T O P E N IN G S
T O T A L O PN G A R E A
W ALL AREA
103 SF
1800 SF
36 SF
900 SF
4.0 %
612 SF
1800 SF
34.0 %
0 SF
900 SF
0.0%
E L E V A T IO N
SE C O N D F L O O R A R E A
T O T A L O PN G A R E A
5.7%
P E R C E N T O P E N IN G S
W ALL AREA
24 SF
1800 SF
0 SF
900 SF
0.0%
272 SF
1800 SF
15.1 %
0 SF
900 SF
0.0%
6/15/2006
1.3 %
65

CARROLL PRUITT, FAIA, NCARB
Pruitt Consulting, Inc.
2921 Brown Trail
Suite 260
Bedford, Texas 76021
817-428-7604
www.bldgcodes.net
cpruitt@bldgcodes.net
PROVIDERS:
AIA CENTER FOR BUILDING PERFORMANCE KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITY
FREEMANWHITE, INC.
PRUITT CONSULTING
6/15/2006
66

STEP FIVE
6/15/2006
67
STEP FIVE:

A)
B)
C)
D)
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Calculate Height Increase in Stories.

Sprinkler Increase
Calculate Height Increase in Feet.
Sprinkler Increase
Calculate Area Increases:
Sprinkler Increase
Frontage Increase
Check Mixed Area Ratio
68
STEP FIVE (A & B)
Calculate Height Increase in Stories and

Feet:
Allowable Stories and Height are evaluated

based upon:
Occupancy classification
Type of construction
Presence of a fire protection system.
Evaluate EXISTING buildings to be enlarged, as

if it were a NEW building.
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69
STEP FIVE (A & B)

Feet:
Allowable HEIGHTS in Table 503 are:

the maximum height in STORIES, and
the maximum height in FEET (above grade plane).
OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE AS FOLLOWS:

Allowable HEIGHTS MAY be increased by:
selecting a different construction type, and /or
providing a sprinkler system.
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70
STEP FIVE (A & B)

Feet:
The Heights in Table 503 in BOTH Stories and Feet

MAY be increased as follows:
When a Sprinkler System is provided.
NFPA 13 System:
the building height in Table 503 may be increased by 1
story and by 20 feet for ANY Occupancy Classification.
NFPA 13-R System:
the building height in Table 503 may be increased by 1
story and by 20 feet, UP TO a Maximum of 4 Stories and
60 feet for RESIDENTIAL R Occupancies ONLY.
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71
STEP FIVE (C)
Calculate Area Increase:
OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE AS FOLLOWS:

Allowable AREAS MAY be increased by:
selecting a different construction type, and /or

providing a sprinkler system, and / or
providing a FIRE WALL, and / or
reducing the number of stories, and / or
providing HORIZONTAL SEPARATION (distance)
between the building and Property Lines,
AND / OR
between the building and other buildings on the same lot.
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72
STEP FIVE (C)

Aa = At +
At I f
100
At Is
100
(Equation 5-1)
where:
Aa
Allowable area per floor (square feet)
At = Tabular area per floor in accordance with Table 503

(square feet)
If = Area increase due to frontage (percent) as calculated
in accordance with Section 506.2
Is =
Area increase due to sprinkler protection (percentage)
as calculated in accordance with Section 506.3
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73
STEP FIVE (C)
SPRINKLER AREA INCREASE:

When a building is Sprinkled throughout
with an NFPA 13 system ONLY, the areas
in Table 503 may be increased:
300 percent for Single-story
buildings, AND
200 percent for Multi-story buildings
Note: There are special provisions for Group
R using NFPA 13R systems.
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74
STEP FIVE (C)
FRONTAGE AREA INCREASE:
In order to use the FRONTAGE Area Increase,

the building must adjoin a PUBLIC WAY.
The building must be greater than 25% open to use the
frontage increase.
This Frontage allows:

fire-fighter access,
provides a refuge for building occupants, and
provides a reduced exposure to adjacent buildings.
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75
STEP FIVE (C)
FRONTAGE Area Increase:

A mathematical formula calculates the
FRONTAGE Area Increase in PERCENT as
follows:
If = 100
NOTE:
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()
F
P
- 0.25
()
W
30
The value W / 30 cannot exceed 1

Therefore: W cannot exceed 30
76
If = Area Increase due to FRONTAGE (Percent)

F = Building perimeter fronting on a Public Way
at least 20 feet wide
P = Perimeter of entire building in feet

W = WEIGHTED AVERAGE of width of Public
Way of AT LEAST 20 feet to QUALIFY for use
in this Formula.
6/15/2006
77

NORTH
Property Line
MAXIMUM 30
FEET USED IN
CALCULATION
FOR W
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE
40
150
100
100
80
Street Centerline
30
150
20
6/15/2006
78
To use the frontage area increase, there

must be at least 25% of the frontage open.
The PUBLIC WAY open space must be:

Accessed from a STREET OR
Accessed by an approved FIRE LANE,
AND MUST BE:
On the same lot as the building, OR
Dedicated for public use,
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79
STEP FIVE (D)

Mixed Area Ratio:
A-3
A-3 Actual + B Actual +

A-3 Allowable
B Allowable
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M Actual
+
M Allowable
S-2
S-2 Actual
+ E Actual
< 1
S-2 Allowable
E Allowable
80
STEP FIVE (D)

Mixed Area Ratio:
.25
.50
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.50
.75
3
81
STEP SIX
Determine Allowable Area for Multistory Buildings:
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82
STEP SIX

AREA DECREASE:
This creates a TOTAL ALLOWABLE BUILDING
AREA, which is the Sum total area of ALL Floor
levels
This may have the effect of REDUCING the
allowable area per floor, when buildings
EXCEED 3 STORIES.
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83
STEP SIX
Detemine Allowable Area for Multistory Buildings:
EXAMPLE ONE: (TWO Story Building)

Allowable area per floor: 10,000 SF
Allowable area per BUILDING:
10,000 SF x 2 floors = 20,000 SF
Therefore, each story may be 10,000 SF
(20,000 SF / 2 = 10,000 SF)
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Floor 2 = 9,000 SF
Floor 1 = 9,000 SF
COMPLIES
(10,000 SF Allowable
is greater than
84
9,000 SF Actual
STEP SIX
EXAMPLE TWO: (FOUR Story Building)

Allowable area per floor: 10,000 SF
Allowable area per BUILDING:
10,000 SF x 3 floors = 30,000 SF
Therefore, each story may be 7,500 SF
(30,000 SF / 4 floors = 7,500 SF)
6/15/2006
Floor 4 = 9,000 SF
Floor 3 = 9,000 SF
Floor 2 = 9,000 SF
Floor 1 = 9,000 SF
NOT IN
COMPLIANCE
(9,000 SF Exceeds
7,500 SF / Floor 85
STEP SIX:

There are corrective measures to bring EXAMPLE TWO
into compliance as follows:
Change the Construction Type to a HIGHER TYPE, which
allows a LARGER Table 503 Area, AND / OR
Provide a SPRINKLER SYSTEM, which allows an AREA
INCREASE to Table 503 Area, AND / OR
Provide increased FRONTAGE, which allows an AREA
INCREASE to Table 503 Area.
Separate the building with the appropriate Fire Wall.
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86
STEP SEVEN
Compare Actual Conditions with

Allowable Maximums:
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87
STEP SEVEN:
Compare Actual conditions with

Allowable Maximums:
Area.
Height in Stories
Height in Feet
This is based upon Occupancy
Classification, Type of Construction, and
Sprinklers.
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88
STEP SEVEN
Compare Actual Conditions with

Allowable Maximums:
Each part of a building included within

EXTERIOR WALLS, or Exterior walls and
FIREWALLS, is considered a SEPARATE
BUILDING.
Height and Area limits are found in TABLE 503
6/15/2006
89
STEP EIGHT
Determine Special Occupancy

Requirements:
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90
STEP EIGHT:

Requirements, including:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
6/15/2006
High-Rise Buildings.
Atriums
Motor Vehicle Related Occupancies
Stages and Platforms
Institutional Occupancies
91
STEP EIGHT

Requirements:
High-Rise: A building having occupied floors more
than 75 feet above the LOWEST level of fire
department vehicle access.
Emergency evacuation is made more difficult due
to:
Floors beyond the reach of fire equipment
There is a potential for vertical stack effect
The evacuation time is lengthened
See Chapter 4 for other Special Occupancy
Requirements
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92
STEP NINE
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93
STEP NINE
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Structural
Fire & Life Safety
Means of Egress
94
STEP NINE:

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
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Quantity of Exits.
Capacity of Exits.
Means of Egress from spaces.
Travel distance to Exits.
Location and Remoteness of Exits.
95
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress
Path of Travel (Any Occupied Area)
Continuous
Unobstructed
Vertical or Horizontal
Terminates at public way
PUBLIC
WAY
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Public Way
96
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress
Consists of Three Parts
Exit access
Exit
Exit Discharge
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97
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress
Exit Access
Any occupied area within the building including doors, ramps,

aisles, corridors (rated or non-rated)
Terminates at exit or exit discharge
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98
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress
Exit
Exterior doors at grade level

Stairs within enclosures
Horizontal exits
Exit Passageways
Exit stairs or ramps at the exterior of the building
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99
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress
Exit Discharge
The portion of the means of egress between the exit

and the public way including yards and courts.
P
L
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CL of RW
or PL
100
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress:
Establish design occupant load:

Actual number
Number by Table 1004.1.2
May not be less than this number
Number by combination
Increased occupant load permitted
up to max of 1 occupant per 5
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square feet
101

Table 1004.1.2
Occupancy
Agricultural building
Floor Area in Sq. Ft.

per Occupant
300 gross
Assembly without fixed seats

Concentrated
7 net
Standing Space
5 net
Unconcentrated (tables and

chairs)
Business Areas
15 net
100 gross
Educational
Classroom area
Shops and other vocational
areas
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20 net
50 net
102
STEP NINE:
Means of Egress:
SPACES WITH ONE MEANS OF EGRESS

TABLE 1014.1
OCCUPANCY
MAXIMUM OCCUPANT LOAD
A, B, E, F, M, U
50
H-1, H-2, H-3
H-4, H-5, I-1, I-3, I-4, R
10
30
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103
STEP NINE:
Width of Means of Egress
Fully sprinkled building (NFPA 13 or 13 R)
Most occupancies ( in inches per occupant)
Stairways
= .2 x Occupant Load served
All other components of egress = .15 x Occupant Load served
H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4 & I-2
Stairways
Nonsprinkled buildings
Most occupancies (in inches per occupant)
Stairways
H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4 (in inches per occupant)
Stairways
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104
STEP NINE:
Other issues not to overlook
Dead end corridors

Travel distance
Common Path of Travel
Remoteness of Exits
Exit Capacity
Egress illumination
Exit signs
Projections into clear width
Exit enclosures
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105
STEP TEN
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106
STEP TEN:
Determine Accessibility
Requirements:
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Fair Housing Act
State Laws
International Building Code (IBC)
ICC A117.1-1998, Accessible and Usable
Buildings and Facilities
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107
STEP TEN:
Determine Accessibility
Requirements:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
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Exterior (Site) Requirements.

Toilet Rooms.
Ramps.
Elevators.
Corridor Width.
Other special accessibility
requirements
108
STEP ELEVEN:
Determine Fire Resistance of Elements:
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109
STEP ELEVEN:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
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Exterior Walls
Fire Walls.
Fire Barriers.
Fire Partitions.
Horizontal Assemblies.
Shafts
Smoke Barriers
Smoke Partitions (normally not rated)
110
STEP ELEVEN:
The SCOPE applies to assemblies that are required to have

a Fire-Resistance Rating.
The Fire-Resistance Rating requirements are in Table 601
and Table 602.
Required Fire-Resistance ratings are based upon Occupancy
Fire-hazard for:
Fire Severity
Fire Duration
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111
STEP ELEVEN:
Fire-Resistance Rating: Time period, in HOURS, of a

building component or assembly that:
CONFINE A FIRE, and / or
MAINTAIN STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY
Fire Wall: A fire-rated wall, extending from

FOUNDATION to or through the ROOF, with structural
stability to allow collapse of construction on either
side without collapse of the wall. The wall includes
opening protectives.
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112
DEFINITIONS:
Fire Wall:
FIREWALL
THRU ROOF
Wood Structure can

collapse without causing
the FIRE WALL to
collapse
Firewall NOT
Structurally anchored
To roof
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113
FIRE WALLS:
Fire Rating must be the most restrictive for
EACH OCCUPANCY in Table 705.4.
TABLE 705.4
FIRE WALL FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
OCCUPANCY GROUPS
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS (HOURS)
A, B, E, H-4, I, R-1, R-2, U
F-1, H-3, H-5, M, S-1
H-1, H-2
F-2, S-2, R-3, R-4
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114
STEP ELEVEN:
Fire Barrier: A fire-rated wall or floor or roof assembly,

with opening protectives.
Shaft: Successive openings in floors and / or roof,
extending through ONE or MORE stories.
Shaft Enclosure:
The fire-rated walls enclosing a shaft.
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115
DEFINITIONS:
Shaft:
SHAFT
SHAFT ENCLOSURE
SHAFT: Floor
Opening may be:
Stair shaft
Elevator shaft
Mechanical shaft
SHAFT
ENCLOSURE:
Enclosure around the
Shaft Opening
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116
Fire Partition: A fire-rated wall assembly used:
to separate dwelling units

to separate guestrooms
to enclose corridors
to separate adjacent tenant spaces in covered
malls.
Fire Area: The aggregate floor area totally

enclosed by:
FIRE WALLS, and / or

VERTICAL FIRE BARRIERS, and / or
EXTERIOR WALLS, and / or
HORIZONTAL FIRE BARRIERS
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117
STEP ELEVEN:
DEFINITIONS:
FIRE BARRIER
FIRE BARRIER
Fire Area:
FIRE
AREA A
FIRE
AREA B
FIRE
AREA C
BUILDING AREA IS FIRE AREA A PLUS B PLUS C

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118
STEP ELEVEN:
DEFINITIONS:
Fire Area:
HORIZONTAL
FLOOR
FIRE BARRIER
Fire
Area
NON-RATED
FLOOR
ASSEMBLY
Fire
Area
FIRE AREA A
FIRE AREA B
On BOTTOM Floor On TOP Floor
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BOTH FLOORS
ARE ONE FIRE AREA
Fire Area
119

STEP TWELVE

Requirements:
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120
STEP TWELVE:

Requirements:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
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Seismic Importance Factor.

Seismic Design Category.
Design Live Loads.
Wind Loads.
Snow Loads.
Impact Loads.
121

STEP THIRTEEN
Determine Detailed Fire Protection

Requirements:
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122
STEP THIRTEEN:
Determine Detailed Fire Protection

Requirements:
A)
B)
C)
D)
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Type
Type
Type
Type
of Sprinkler System.
and Location of Alarms.
of Smoke Control System.
and Location of Standpipes.
123

STEP FOURTEEN:
Determine Interior Finish Requirements:
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124
STEP FOURTEEN:
Determine Interior Finish

Requirements:
Class A:
Class B:
Class C:
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Flame Spread:
Flame Spread:
Flame Spread:
0 to 25
26 to 75
76 to 200
125

STEP FIFTEEN:
Determine All Other Applicable, Detailed

Code Requirements:
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126
STEP FIFTEEN:
Determine All Other Applicable,

Detailed Code Requirements:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
6/15/2006
Foundations
Roof Structures
Concrete
Masonry
Steel
Wood
Plastics
Special Construction
127
Questions &
More
Questions??
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[AS LISTED IN THE CONVENTION
GUIDE]
Speaker 1:
Speaker 2:
Carroll Pruitt
William Rakatansky

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The IBC A Step by Step Process

Session ID: FR12

AIA 2006 National Convention and Design Exposition

This program is registered with the

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Carroll Lee Pruitt, FAIA, NCARB

William Rakatansky, AIA, CSI, NCARB

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process

DILBERT: Copyright Scott Adams / Dist. By United Feature Syndicate, Inc.

The IBC A Step by Step Process

An architect's strongest defense against charges

The IBC A Step by Step Process

For a charge of professional negligence,

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Recommended Listing of Steps Involved

Based on 2003 International Building Code

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process

ONE: Determine Occupancy

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Occupancy Classification:

Once the occupancy classification and occupant

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Occupancy Classification:

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Occupancy Classification:

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Occupancy Classification:

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Allowable Area for

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Allowable Area for

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Allowable Area for

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Allowable Area for

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Accessibility Requirements:

The IBC A Step by Step Process

TWELVE: Determine General

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Detailed Fire

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Detailed Fire

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Detailed Descriptions of Selected

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Determine Occupancy Classification:

The IBC A Step by Step Process

Establish use of separated versus

The IBC A Step by Step Process

STEP ONE - Primary Occupancy:

Determine Occupancy Classification:

There are ten (10) Use Classifications,

The IBC A Step by Step Process

A-1: Production and viewing of performing

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process

The IBC A Step by Step Process