DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

LEMBAR JUDUL
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
KATA PENGANTAR
DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................
DAFTAR GAMBAR....................................................................................
DAFTAR TABEL.........................................................................................

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BAB I. PENDAHULUAN
1.1......................................................................................... Latar Belakang
.............................................................................................................1-1
1.2.................................................................................... Rumusan Masalah
.............................................................................................................1-2
1.3.................................................................................. Maksud dan Tujuan
.............................................................................................................1-2
1.4....................................................................................... Batasan Masalah
.............................................................................................................1-3
BAB II. DASAR TEORI
2.1. Pengertian Batubara................................................................................
2.2. Kegunaan Batubara.................................................................................
2.3. Kualitas dan Rank Batubara....................................................................
2.3.1. Ikatan Kimia Pengotor Batubara.......................................................
2.2.2. Ikatan Fisik Pengotor Batubara.........................................................
2.4. Analisis Proksimat...................................................................................
2.4.1. Kadar Air Bawaan (Inherent Moisture).............................................
2.4.2. Kadar Abu..........................................................................................
2.4.3. Kadar Zat terbang..............................................................................
2.4.4. Kadar Karbon tetap (Fixed Carbon).................................................
2.5. Analisa Ultimat........................................................................................
2.5.1. Nilai Sulfur Pada Batubara................................................................
2.5.2. Karbon (Carbonate Carbondioxide).................................................
2.5.3. Klorin (Chloine)................................................................................
2.5.4. Fosfor (Phosporus)............................................................................
2.6. Aglomerasi...............................................................................................
2.6.1. Proses Pembentukan Tetesan Kecil Minyak (Droplet).....................
2.6.2. Proses Penempelan Droplet Pada Permukaan Butiran......................
2.6.3. Kontak Antar Butiran........................................................................
2.7. Proses Aglomerasi...................................................................................
2.8. Pengaruh Zat Aditif.................................................................................
2.9. Pengaruh PH............................................................................................
2.10. Media Ekstraksi Aglomerasi.................................................................
2.10.1. Air Mineral......................................................................................

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2-12
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2-17
2-18
2-19
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2.10.2. Minyak Goreng................................................................................

2.11. Waktu Dan RPM Mixing.......................................................................

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2-22

BAB III. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN

3.1. Metode Penelitian....................................................................................
3.2. Lokasi Pengambilan dan Pengujian Sampel...........................................
3.3. Teknik Pengumpulan Data......................................................................
3.4. Teknik Percobaan....................................................................................
3.5. Pembahasan.............................................................................................
3.6. Penarikan Kesimpulan.............................................................................
3.7. Tahap Sistematis Penelitian.....................................................................

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3-3

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar
Halaman
Gambar 2.1. Analisis Kualitas Batubara........................................................
2-6
Gambar 2.2. Proses Aglomerasi Batubara...................................................... 2-12
Gambar 2.3. Ilustrasi Prilaku Mineral Hidropobik Dan Hidropilik............... 2-13
Gambar 2.4. Ilustrasi Sudut Kotak Tiga Fasa (air, minyak dan padatan)....... 2-13
Gambar 2.5. Mekanisme Penempelan Droplet Pada Permukaan Mineral
Dalam Air.................................................................................. 2-14
Gambar 2.6. Penyebaran Droplet Pada Permukaan Air................................. 2-15
Gambar 2.7. Penempelan Droplet Pada Permukaan Batubara Dalam Air..... 2-15
Gambar 2.8. Gaya Yang bekerja Pada Kontak Antar Butiran........................ 2-16
Gambar 2.9. Model Skematik Penyebaran minyak Dan Pembentukan
Jembatan minyak antar partikel hidropobik dalam air.............. 2-17
Gambar 2.10. Model yang menggambarkan mekanisme agglomerasi teori
jembatan.................................................................................. 2-18
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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Klasifikasi Batubara Berdasarkan Peringkat (ASTM, 1981)........
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Tabel 2.2. Kualitas Rata-Rata Dari Beberapa Endapan Batubara Eosen Di
Indonesia........................................................................................
2-3
Tabel 2.3. Kualitas Rata-Rata Dari Beberapa Endapan Batubara Miosen Di
Indonesia........................................................................................
2-4
Tabel 2.4. Metode Agglomerasi Dan Peralatannya........................................ 2-11
Tabel 2.5. Sifat fisik Dan Kimia Air............................................................... 2-20