ABSTRACT

The project Health Monitoring System Using Smart Phone is basically designed to measure
the temperature of human body or any device using LM 35 sensor and measuring height by using
Ultrasonic Sensor. Temperature sensor controls the temperature of any device or body according
to its requirement. The heart of the circuit is the ATMEGA328 which controls all its functions. A
temperature sensor LM35 is used for sensing the temperature of the environment and the system
displays the temperature on LCD in the range of 55C to +150C. Height measuring system
measures the height of the person or a device using ultrasonic sensor. It is set to a particular point
i.e. 400cm. The outputs of both are displayed on LCD. A Bluetooth named HC-05 is connected
which provides resultant data on smartphone.

INTRODUCTION

This project Health Monitoring System using Smartphone is basically designed to measure
the human body temperature using LM 35 sensor and measure height by using ultrasonic sensor.
Both the parameters can be run simultaneously or alternatively. The heart of the circuit is
ATMEGA328 which controls the overall functions. HC-05 is also connected which sends the
received data to Smartphone.
1.1 Temperature measuring system
The Temperature measuring system measures and controls the temperature of human body
or any device according to its requirement. At the heart of the circuit is the ATMEGA328 which
controls all the functions. A temperature sensor LM 35 is used for sensing the temperature of the
environment and the system displays the temperature on an LCD in the range of 55C to
+150C. This temperature is compared with the value stored by the user and if the temperature
goes beyond the preset temperature then heater will switch off and if temperature goes below to
preset value then heater will switch on. AC bulb is interfaced with the microcontroller which is
done with the help of a relay and an npn transistor.
The goal of this project is to design an ambient temperature measurement and control circuit.
The motivation for the project is the fact that temperature measurement has become an integral
part of any control system operating in a temperature sensitive environment and the various
learning outcomes associated during the implementation of the project.

1.2 Height Measuring System

Height measuring System measures the height of a person or any device according to its
requirement. An Ultrasonic sensor is used for measuring the height. It can be set to any
particular point say 400cm and it stores the height only with in 400cm not beyond that.
The project is designed to measure the height of any object by using an ultrasonic sensor..
Ultrasonic means of distance measurement is a convenient method compared to traditional one

using measurement scales. This kind of measurement is particularly applicable to inaccessible

areas where traditional means cannot be implemented such as high temperature, pressure zones
etc.
An ultrasonic transducer comprising of a transmitter and receiver are used for the project. The
transmitted waves are reflected back from the object and received by the transducer again. The
total time taken from sending the waves to receiving it is calculated by taking into consideration
the velocity of sound. Then the distance is calculated by a program running on the
microcontroller and displayed on an LCD screen interfaced to the microcontroller. The ultrasonic
sensor produces 40 kHz sound waves. Further the project can be enhanced by using high
frequency transducers to make is fit for medical applications like ultrasound machine.
1.3 LM 35 Temperature Sensor
The LM 35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors. Their output voltage is
linearly proportional to the Celsius temperature. The LM35 thus has a benefit over linear
temperature sensors calibrated in K, as there is no need to subtract a large constant voltage from
its output to obtain Centigrade reading. It does not require any external calibration or trimming to
provide typical accuracies of 14Cat room temperature and 34C over a full 55 to
+150Ctemperature range. Low cost is due to trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The
LM35slinear output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or control
circuitry especially easy. LM35can be used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus
supplies. It draws only 60 A from its supply, so it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1C in
still air. It is rated to operate over a 55 to +150C temperature range, while the LM35C is rated
for a 40 to +110C range (10with improved accuracy).

1.4 ATMEGA 328

The ATmega328 is a single chip microcontroller created by Atmel and belongs to the mega AVR
series. It has maximum operating frequency of 20 MHz. ATmega328 is commonly used in many
projects and autonomous system where a simple low powered, low cost microcontroller is

needed. Perhaps the most common implementation of this chip is on the popular Arduino
development platform, namely the Arduino uno and Arduino nano models.

It is an 8-bit high performance microcontroller. It is a less power consuming device. The Atmels
ATMEGA series of microcontrollers are very popular due to the large number of peripherals built
in them. They have features such as 10-bit A/D converters, UART/USART, and much more and
due to that reason they become useful for a large number of applications and external hardware is
reduced as these are built-in

1.5 Liquid Crystal Display

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is an electronic display system. A 16x2 LCD display is a very
basic system and commonly used in various devices and circuits. LCDs are preferred over seven
segments and other multi segment LEDs. A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per
line and 2 such lines are there. In this LCD every character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. LCD
possesses two registers: Data and Command registers. The command register stores the
command instructions given to the LCD. A command can be defined as an instruction given to
LCD to do a predefined task.

1.6 HC-05 Bluetooth Modules

HC-05 module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP module, designed for transparent wireless serial
connection setup. These modules are based on the Cambridge Silicon Radio BC4172.4 Ghz
Bluetooth radio chip. This is a complex chip which uses an external 8Mbit flash memory. It is a
more capable module that can be set to either master or slave. These small modules run on 3.3v
power with 3.3v signal levels. They have no pins and usually solder to a larger board. The
module has two modes of operation i.e. command mode and data mode. Command mode we can
send AT commands to it and Data mode where it transmits and receives data to another Bluetooth
module.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Previous Studies

In the paper titled Advanced Health Monitoring and Receiving Using Smartphone in
Global Networks by Jayalakshmi,R.Mahalingam and D.Rajeswari in International
Journal of Engineering Development and Research concluded that For the remote health
monitoring of the patient, An application program has been developed. In that application
media contents also included. The Android application is also implemented on a Tablet
PC. It works properly in the phone. The future works to done are communication of
sensors with the M2M node and data transmission of sensors through M2M node to
server PC and the Android application developed

In the paper titled Real Time Wireless Health Monitoring Application Using Mobile
Devices by Amna Abdullah, Asma Ismael, Aisha Rashid, Ali Abou-ElNour, and
Mohammed Tarique concluded that A smartphone based health monitoring system has
been presented in this work. By using the system the healthcare professionals can
monitor, diagnose, and advice their patients all the time. The physiological data are
stored and published online. Hence, the healthcare professional can monitor their
patients from a remote location at any time. Our system is simple. It is just few wires
connected to a small kit with a smartphone. The system is very power efficient. Only the
smartphone or the tablet needs to be charged enough to do the test. It is easy to use, fast,
accurate, high efficiency, and safe (without any danger of electric shocks). In contrast to
other conventional medical equipment the system has the ability to save data for future
reference. Finally, the reliability and validity of our system have been ensured via field
tests. The field tests show that our system can produce medical data that are similar to
those produced by the existing medical equipment.

In the paper titled Patient Health Management System using e-Health Monitoring
Architecture by Srijani Mukherjee, Koustabh Dolui Soumya Kanti Datta concluded

that Even though a lot of research has been conducted on health monitoring systems, we
have proposed a set of novel services based on the monitoring system. Reith will require
immense research and testing before implementation, however it paves a new path for
remote health monitoring systems. They have also proposed other novel services in the
form of Parent Monitoring system and the Emergency Response Services. The use of
Senile in our system ensures organized transmission of sensor metadata. The medical data
and history acquired for the patients are personal in nature. Hence our system ensures
security of the highest order for the medical data on cloud storage. With further research
in this aspect, our system can change the way we currently look at remote health
monitoring services

METHODOLOGY

Temperature
Sensor LM 35

ATMEGA328
0

LCD

HC 05

Ultrasonic
Sensor

Smart
Phone

Figure 3.1: Block Diagram

ATmega328 is the heart of the circuit which controls the overall function. Firstly two
switches are provided in Smartphone. One for measuring temperature and another for

measuring height.
Temperature is measured with the help of the temperature sensor LM35. It gives the
output in millivolts. This output is converted into corresponding digital data using inbuilt

ADC of the ATmega328 microcontroller.

Height is measured with the help of ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensor measures the

height to maximum of 400cm

LCD is interfaced with the microcontroller & the value of the actual temperature and
height is displayed on the LCD i.e. Liquid Crystal Display. If the temperature or height
crosses the maximum value the heater is switched off as indicated by a bulb connected
through a relay driven by a transistor connected to the microcontroller. If the temperature
goes below the set value the heater is on.

The output of both the measuring device is send to smartphone through HC-05 Bluetooth
module which receives the output from LCD .Both the measuring device can be operated
simultaneously or alternately. And the final result is stored in smartphone.
LCD1

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7

RS
RW
E
4
5
6

VSS
VDD
VEE

LM016L

1
2
3

U1

Ultrasonic sensor

2
3
4
5
6
11
12
13
21
20

PD0/RXD/PCINT16
PD1/TXD/PCINT17
PD2/INT0/PCINT18
PD3/INT1/OC2B/PCINT19
PD4/T0/XCK/PCINT20
PD5/T1/OC0B/PCINT21
PD6/AIN0/OC0A/PCINT22
PD7/AIN1/PCINT23
AREF
AVCC

PB0/ICP1/CLKO/PCINT0
PB1/OC1A/PCINT1
PB2/SS/OC1B/PCINT2
PB3/MOSI/OC2A/PCINT3
PB4/MISO/PCINT4
PB5/SCK/PCINT5
PB6/TOSC1/XTAL1/PCINT6
PB7/TOSC2/XTAL2/PCINT7
PC0/ADC0/PCINT8
PC1/ADC1/PCINT9
PC2/ADC2/PCINT10
PC3/ADC3/PCINT11
PC4/ADC4/SDA/PCINT12
PC5/ADC5/SCL/PCINT13
PC6/RESET/PCINT14

14
15
16
17
18
19
9
10
23
24
25
26
27
28
1

ATMEGA328P

Figure 3.2: Circuit Diagram

U2
26.0
2

VOUT

LM35

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

A smartphone based health monitoring system has been presented in this work. By using the
system the healthcare professionals can monitor and advice their patients all the time. Hence, the
healthcare professional can monitor their patients from a remote location at any time. Our system
is simple only the smartphone or the tablet needs to be charged enough to do the test. It is easy to
use, fast, accurate, high efficiency, and safe.
Temperature controller is a simple and useful circuit which can be used to control the
temperature above a set value using LM35 temperature sensor. Microcontroller based
temperature controller is a simple whereas a useful circuit with which the temperature can be
controlled with the aid of a LM 35 temperature sensor.As explained the circuit can be made
useful in practical area where the circuit can be connected to a device whose temperature has to
be controlled at a particular limit say a water tank with a heater whose temperature can be set to
a particular value. Similar another application is that the circuit attached with a buzzer which can
be connected to a device like an iron box so that it would help to save electricity by avoiding
overheating of the device.