CAPACITOR CHARGE
OSCILLATOR
INTRODUCTION:
The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the
capacitor charge storage and to consider the operation
of sound . Both of these things are basic and therefore
very important for under standing of electronics circuits.
WORKING
CAPACITOR CHARGE OSCILLATOR WORKING
COMPONENTS USED
SPEAKER
CELL CONTAINER
CAPACITORS
It is an electronic component whose function to accumulate charges and then
Release it . To understand they are placed near to each other without touching. If
battery connected to these plates the plate positive pole to one and the negatives
pole to the other , electrons from the battery will be attracted from the plate connect
to the positive terminal of the battery. If the battery is then disconnected, one plate will
be left with an excess of electrons , the other with a shortage and a potential or
voltage difference will exists between them. These plates will be acting as
capacitors .
Capacitor are of two type (1) fixed type like ceramic , polyester
electrolytic capacitors these name refer to the material they are made of aluminum
foil . Variable type-like gang condenser in radio or trimmer. In fixed type capacitors ,
it has two leads and its value is written over its body and variable type has three
leads. Unit of measurement of a capacitor is farad , denoted by the symbol F. It is a
very big units of capacitance . Small unit capacitor are pico farad denoted by pf .
Above all , in case of electronic capacitors , its two terminals are marked as ( -) and
(+) so check it using while capacitors in the circuit in right direction . Mistake can
destroy the capacitor or entire circuit in operation.
TRANSISTOR
The name` transistor `is derived from transfer resistor indicating a
solid state semiconductor device . In addition to conductor and insulators ,
There is a third class of material that exhibits proportion of both. Under
some condition , it acts an insulator and under other conditions it is
conductor . This phenomenon is called semi conduction and
allows a
There are mainly two types of transistors (i) NPN (ii) PNP.
NPN Transistors- When a positive voltage is applied to the base, The
transistor begins to conduct by allowing current to flow through the
collector to emitter circuit. The relatively small current flowing through
the base circuit allows a much greater current to pass through the
emitter/collector circuit . The phenomenon is called current gain and it is
measured in beta.
PNP Transistor It
CONCLUSION
Both charging and discharging of the
capacitor ,the current starts with its maximum value I0 and
falls of exponentially . However ,the discharging current is
negative ,that is ,opposite to the charging, current .
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. B. C. OF PHYSICS: XII