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SECOND DIVISION.
484
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485
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for which an action will lie, although the act may result in
damage to another, for no legal right has been invaded. One may
use any lawful means to accomplish a lawful purpose and though
the means adopted may cause damage to another, no cause of
action arises in the latters favor. Any injury or damage
occasioned thereby is damnum absque injuria. The courts can
give no redress for hardship to an individual resulting from action
reasonably calculated to achieve a lawful end by lawful means.
Original Record, 1.
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487
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3
Rollo, 2829.
Ibid., 38.
Ibid., 31.
Ibid., 34.
489
489
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See Lumibao vs. Intermediate Appellate Court, et al., G.R. No. 64677,
September 13, 1990, 189 SCRA 469 SMI Fish Industries, Inc., et al. vs.
National Labor Relations Commission, et al., G.R. Nos. 9695256,
September 2, 1992, 213 SCRA 444 Heirs of Juan Oclarit, et al. vs. Court
of Appeals, et al., G.R. No. 96644, June 17, 1994, 233 SCRA 239.
490
490
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Ibid., 13.
10
1 Am Jur 2d, Actions, Sec. 65, 595 see The Board of Liquidators vs.
491
liability merely
because the plaintiff suffered some pain
11
and suffering.
Many accidents occur and many injuries are inflicted by
acts or omissions which cause damage or loss to another
but which violate no legal duty to such other person, and
consequently create no cause of action in his favor. In such
cases, the consequences must be borne by the injured
person alone. The law affords no remedy for damages
resulting from an
act which does not amount to a legal
12
injury or wrong.
In other words, in order that the law will give redress for
an act causing damage, that act must be not only 13
hurtful,
but wrongful. There must be damnum et injuria. If, as
may happen in many cases, a person sustains actual
damage, that is, harm or loss to his person or property,
without sustaining any legal injury, that is, an act or
omission which the law does not deem an 14injury, the
damage is regarded as damnum absque injuria.
In the case at bar, although there was damage, there
was no legal injury. Contrary to the claim of private
respondents, petitioners could not be said to have violated
the principle of abuse of right. In order that the principle of
abuse of right provided in Article 21 of the Civil Code can
be applied, it is essential that the following requisites
concur: (1) The defendant should have acted in a manner
that is contrary to morals, good customs or public policy (2)
The acts should be willful
and (3) There was damage or
15
injury to the plaintiff.
The act of petitioners in constructing a fence within
their lot is a valid exercise of their right as owners, hence
not contrary to morals, good customs or public policy. The
law recognizes in the owner the right to enjoy and dispose
of a thing,
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11
Plummer vs. Abbott Laboratories (DC RI), 568, F Supp. 920, CCH
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13
Ibid., 598.
Comstock vs. Wilson, 257 NY 231, 177 NE 421, 76 ALR 676
15
492
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Jovellanos, et al., vs. Court of Appeals, et al., G.R. No. 100728, June
See Escano, et al. vs. Court of Appeals, et al., L47207, September 25,
1980, 100 SCRA 197 Ilocos Norte Electric Co. vs. Court of Appeals, et al.,
G.R. No. 53401, November 6, 1989, 179 SCRA 5 Albenson Enterprises
Corporation, et al. vs. Court of Appeals, et al., G.R. No. 88694, January 11,
1993, 217 SCRA 16.
493
493
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19
21
White vs. Kincaid, 149 NC 415, 63 SE 109 Fahn vs. Reichart, 8 Wis
255.
22
494
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