SAES-Q-001
7 January 2016
Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee
Contents
Scope............................................................. 2
References..................................................... 2
General Requirements................................... 6
Quality Control........................................ 6
Concrete Materials..................................... 7
Scope
This Standard covers the minimum mandatory requirements governing the design,
specifications, and construction of all onshore structural, offshore structural and
non-structural concrete.
1.1
This standard does not cover the design, Manufacturing, specification, casting,
and erection of precast and prestressed concrete products. Refer to SAES-Q-012
for Precast and Prestressed Concrete Structures.
1.2
This Standard does not cover concrete for fire proofing applications. Refer to
SAES-B-006 for additional information on the use of concrete as fireproofing
material.
1.3
This standard states the minimum requirements that need to be fulfilled for
offshore and marine concrete.
1.4
Any conflicts between this Standard and other applicable Saudi Aramco
Engineering Standards (SAESs), Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs),
Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards, codes, and forms shall be
resolved in writing by the company or buyer representative through the
Manager, Consulting Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
2.2
Direct all requests to deviate from this Standard in writing to the company or
buyer representative, who shall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302
and forward such requests to the Manager, Consulting Services Department of
Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
References
The following reference documents shall be considered an integral part of this standard
except otherwise noted. Use the edition in effect on the date of the publication of this
standard unless otherwise noted.
3.1
SAES-A-114
SAES-B-006
SAES-B-055
Plant Layout
SAES-H-001
SAES-H-003
SAES-H-004
SAES-L-440
SAES-M-001
SAES-M-100
SAES-P-104
SAES-Q-005
Concrete Foundations
SAES-Q-006
SAES-Q-007
SAES-Q-009
SAES-Q-012
SAES-T-911
SAES-X-800
09-SAMSS-097
Ready-Mixed Concrete
09-SAMSS-106
12-SAMSS-007
SAER-6610
Concrete Masonry
ACI 224.3R
ACI 301-10
ACI 302.1R
ACI 304R
ACI 305R
ACI 318
ACI 350
ACI 350.1
ACI 350.4R
ACI 350.5
ACI 357.3R
ACI 360R
ACI 440.1R
ACI 440.5
ACI 530/
ASCE 5/TMS 402
ACI 562
ACI SP-66
ASTM International
ASTM A123/123M
ASTM A615/A615M
ASTM A767/767M
ASTM A775/A775M
ASTM A884/A884M
ASTM C55
ASTM C90
ASTM C129
ASTM C309
ASTM C979/C979M
ASTM C1240
ASTM C1580
ASTM D1751
ASTM D1752
ASTM E1745
AASHTO T291
AASHTO
General Requirements
Concrete construction shall be in accordance with all requirements of ACI 301-10,
except as modified or supplemented in this standard or by contract documents
Any placement of concrete designated in the contract documents as mass concrete or
any placement of structural concrete with a minimum dimension equal to or greater than
900 mm should be considered mass concrete unless otherwise specified in contract
documents and shall comply with ACI 301-10, Section 8.
4.1
4.2
4.3
Concrete that is not covered by this document shall comply with the applicable
ACI document.
Quality Control
The contractor shall employ an independent Saudi Aramco approved testing agency to
perform field and laboratory testing which shall include compressive strength tests of
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molded concrete cylinders, test for slump, unit weight, air content (where airentrainment is required) and fresh concrete temperature. All testing shall be in
accordance with 09-SAMSS-097, Ready-Mix Concrete.
6
Concrete Materials
The concrete materials shall be in accordance with 09-SAMSS-097, Ready-Mixed
Concrete and as follows:
6.1
Reinforcement
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.1.5
Tie wire shall be black annealed wire, 16 gage (1.29 mm) minimum.
Fasten epoxy-coated reinforcement with tie wires coated with epoxy.
6.1.6
6.2
Masonry Units
Details and dimensions of the concrete masonry units shall be as shown on
Standard Drawing AA-036602. Manufacturing and testing shall be in
accordance with the following specifications for each type of masonry unit to be
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supplied under the Purchase Order. Actual finish dimensions for each type of
masonry shall be as specified in the Purchase Order.
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.3
6.4
Joints
6.3.1
Joint filler strips for expansion joints shall conform to ASTM D1751 or
ASTM D1752. Type shall be as noted on the design drawings
6.3.2
Accessories
Accessories shall meet the requirements of ACI 301-10.
SAES-B-055, Plant Layout, shall be used for minimum horizontal and vertical
spacing or clearance requirements of concrete structures.
7.2
SAES-L-440, Anchor for Buried Pipelines, shall be used for the design of
anchor blocks.
7.3
7.4
SAES-M-100, Saudi Aramco Building Code, shall be used for the design of
concrete buildings.
7.5
SAES-M-009, Design Criteria for Blast Resistant Buildings shall be used for
the design of blast resistant buildings.
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7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
ACI 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, shall be used
for the design of concrete structures.
7.10
7.11
ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 shall be used for the design of masonry structures.
7.12
7.13
Areas subject to spills, wash water, fire water and sidewalk shall be
paved with a minimum thickness of 100 mm of reinforced concrete with
minimum reinforcements of 150 x 150 MW9 x MW9 welded wire fabric.
Areas subject to vehicular traffic shall be in accordance with paragraph b).
Commentary Note:
150x150 MW9xMW9: 150 mm is the spacing between the reinforcement and
MW9 (9 mm) is the cross sectional area of the rebar.
b)
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c)
Concrete paving slope to the catch basins or trenches shall not be less than
1:65 (1.5%). The maximum drop to catch basins from high point of paving
shall be 200 mm.
Commentary Note:
Ensure that slope will not jeopardize the movement of traffic.
d)
7.14
ACI 440.1R, Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced
with FRP Bars, shall be used for the design when Glass Fiber Reinforced
Plastic Bars (GFRP) are specified.
7.15
7.16
a)
b)
Exposures
Structural concrete members shall be assigned an exposure class in accordance
with the severity of the anticipated exposure of members in Tables 1.A, 1.B and
1.C.
Table 1.A - Sulfate Exposures Classes
Exposure
Class
S0
S1
S2
S3
SO4 10,000
S4
1
2
Sulfur Pits
Percent sulfate by mass in soil shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C1580.
Concentration of dissolved sulfates in water in ppm shall be determined by ASTM D516 or ASTM D4130
Page 10 of 24
Exposure Environment
Concrete dry in service
W0
W1
Exposure Class
Water Soluble
Chloride (cl-) in
Ground Water, ppm5
Environmental and
Marine Exposure
Up to 0.1
Up to 2000
C16
0.1 to 0.5
2,000 to 10,000
C27
Concrete in contact with Sabkha10
Based on the exposure classes assigned from Table 1.A, B and C, concrete mixtures and steel
reinforcement type shall comply with the most restrictive requirements in Table 2.
Water soluble chloride in ground water need to be identified if water table is less than one meter below the bottom of the
foundation or structural element
4
Water-soluble chloride ion in soil shall be determined in accordance with AASHTO T291
5
ppm; parts per million measured after soil is compacted.
6
Sewage Treatment Plant is classified as C1 exposure.
7
Water Cooling towers is classified as C2 exposure.
8
Tidal zone as mentioned in ACI 357.3R-14.
9
Splash zone as defined in SAES-H-004.
10
Sabkha - as defined in SAES-A-114.
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Max.
w/cm
Min. fc
(MPa)
Cement Type
Reinforcing
Steel
S0
0.45
20
No restriction
Uncoated
S1
0.40
28
II or V
Uncoated
S2
0.40
32
Uncoated
Uncoated
S3
0.40
32
V + Pozzolan
or Slag11, 12
S4
0.36
60
V+Slag
Uncoated
W0
0.45
20
No restriction
Uncoated
W1
0.40
28
No restriction
Uncoated
Additional Provisions
Max. water-soluble
chloride ion (Cl-) in
concrete, % by weight
of cement13
C0
C1
0.45
0.40
20
Uncoated
1.00
32
I + Pozzolan
or Slag
ECR14
0.15
Additional
Provisions
Refer to Section 8
for environmental
concrete
C2
0.36
42
I + Pozzolan
or Slag
ECR
0.15
Concrete in
sabkah shall be
protected by
appropriate means
such as tanking
Commentary Notes:
The use of slag or pozzolans including Silica Fume or any combination of the above are limited to
structural concrete members only.
Plant paving, sidewalks, erosion protection paving and slabs reinforced with welded wire fabric
are exempted from the use of Pozzolan or slag.
Silica Fume shall be tested prior to use on monthly basis or when changing the source of the
materials to confirm its compliance to ASTM C1240.
Table 1. Underground exposure category is based on performance of geotechnical investigation
as required by SAES-A-113 or availability of prior reports showing soil chemical composition.
11
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7.17
Sulfur Pits
The following guidelines shall be followed in the construction, repair and replacement
of sulfur pits:
7.17.1
7.17.2
Design, assessment and repair of sulfur pits shall follow the guidelines
and procedures of SAER-6610 In-Ground Sulfur Pit Design,
Assessment and Repair - State-of-the-Art Strategies.
7.17.3
7.17.4
Minimum concrete cover in sulfur pits shall not be less than 75 mm.
7.17.5
7.17.6
a.
b.
c.
For existing sulfur pits that are not built with high performance
concrete described in paragraph 7.17.5 above, use internal durability
lining system of potassium silicate concrete of 50 mm minimum in
thickness or a 200 mm thick of high performance concrete as in
paragraph 7.17.5, the durability liner shall satisfy the following:
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a.
Vertical installations shall be anchored to the substrate with Ttype stainless steel anchors at a maximum distance of 300 mm
centerlines in addition to steel mesh to mechanically secure the
Potassium Silicate to concrete substrate. Concrete shall be treated
using chemical resistant high temperature membrane such as
urethane-asphalt compound system or equivalent prior to
installation of Potassium Silicate.
b.
c.
d.
7.17.7
7.17.8
7.17.9
7.17.10 A proper drainage system (e.g., French drain) shall be installed on the
external side of the sulfur pits to drain water table.
7.17.11 Waterstops for sulfur pit shall be made of 16 gauge stainless steel plate
material as detailed in SAER-6610.
7.17.12 Roof slab may be constructed of precast concrete.
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7.17.13 The design of sulfur pits including concrete mix design, lining system,
water proofing and drainage system shall be approved by the Group
Leader, Civil Engineering Group, Consulting Services Department.
7.18
Reinforcement
7.18.1
7.18.2
7.18.3
7.18.4
7.18.5
7.18.6
Each bundle of fabricated bars shall be tagged. The tags shall indicate
reinforcement placing drawing number, release number, mark number,
grade, bar quantity, and bar size.
7.18.7
7.18.8
7.18.9
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a.
b.
c.
7.19
Minimum Cover
(mm)
75
75
50
Beams, columns
50
25
d.
75
e.
100
f.
50
g.
50
h.
Sulfur Pits
75
Formwork
7.19.1
7.19.2
7.19.3
7.19.4
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7.20
b)
c)
7.19.5
7.19.6
7.19.7
All side and bottom surfaces of structures that will be exposed shall be
formed.
Joints
7.20.1
7.20.2
7.20.3
7.20.4
7.20.5
7.20.6
concrete members.
7.21
7.20.7
7.20.8
Concrete Repair
7.21.1
7.21.2
7.21.3
b)
c)
d)
e)
7.22
7.23
Embedded Items
7.22.1
All sleeves, inserts, anchor bolts, waterstops and other embedded items
shall be installed in accordance with the design drawings and
supported against displacement. Welding of these items to the
reinforcing bars shall not be permitted.
7.22.2
7.22.3
7.22.4
Reinforcing steel bars, anchor bolts or other steel embedments shall not
be connected to the electrical grounding system. Connection of the
structure reinforcing or imbedded steel to the lighting protection
system shall be as required by SAES-P-111.
7.22.5
Conduits, pipes and other items made from aluminum shall not be
embedded in structural concrete unless effectively coated to prevent
aluminum-concrete reaction.
Placing Concrete
7.23.1
7.23.2
Equipment made of aluminum alloys shall not be used for pump lines,
tremies, or chutes used to discharge concrete from a truck mixer.
7.23.3
7.23.4
7.23.5
7.23.6
7.23.7
7.23.8
7.23.9
7.23.10 Placement of mass concrete shall comply with ACI 301-10, Section 8.
7.23.11 Slabs shall be placed in alternating panels.
7.13.12 The interval between concrete deliveries shall be such that no more
than 20 minutes interruption elapse during placement of a single
foundation or slab, unless approved by Saudi Aramco.
7.24
Finishing
7.24.1 The finishing of concrete shall be in accordance with ACI 301-10, and
ACI 302.1R unless otherwise specified in the construction drawings or
job specification.
7.24.2 Equipment bases shall be finished with a floated finish. Stairs, steps,
ramps, and walks shall be finished with a broom finish.
7.25
Curing
7.25.1 Structural concrete shall be cured in accordance with recommendations
of ACI 301-10 unless otherwise specified.
7.25.2 Maximum total dissolved solids in water used for curing shall not exceed
1000 parts per million.
7.25.3 Water curing shall be continuous until the compressive strength has
reached 70% of the specified strength, but not less than 7 days.
7.25.4 The saturated burlaps shall be covered with a plasticized sheet vapor
barrier, minimum 0.15 mm (6 mils) in thickness and shall be kept in
contact with the concrete surface at all times.
7.25.5 Curing Compound shall be in accordance with ASTM C309 or equivalent.
Vendors shall supply datasheet including third party test reports.
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2)
3)
4)
7.25.7 Liquid membrane curing compounds shall not be used on surfaces that
shall receive bonded treatments, tiles, paint or other adhered finishes,
epoxy toppings, or additional concrete unless otherwise specified in
contract documents.
7.25.8 Curing and protection of mass concrete shall be in accordance with
ACI 301-10, Section 8.3.1.
7.26
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7.27
7.28
8.2
The concrete shall contain an approved High Range Water Reducing admixture
such that the free water/cement ratio shall not exceed 0.36 and the concrete will
be of adequate workability for placement.
8.4
The HPI system shall produce concrete conforming with all specified
requirements and shall be shown to produce concrete with a corrected
30 minute absorption of not greater than 1 % (one percent), as measured
by BS 1881: Part 122:1983, except that the age at test shall be strictly
7 days. The absorption test is to be conducted by an independent testing
authority on cores taken from cubes or cylinders (or from cast specimens
where permitted by Saudi Aramco), from the trial mixes which shall be
conducted prior to the commencement of the supply of concrete.
8.4.2
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7 January 2016
Revision Summary
Major revision to align it with the latest edition of ACI 301 and ACI 318. It includes new
criteria that will improve the quality of the overall concrete construction, and improve the cost.
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