2010 MRSM Kimia

SULIT
4541/1
CONFIDENTIAL
4541/1
Chemistry
Paper 1
September
2010
1 1/4 hour
SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION 2010

MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA
http://cikguadura.wordpress.com/
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
One hour and fifteen minutes
DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION BOOKLET

UNTIL BEING TOLD TO DO SO.
1
This question booklet is bilingual

Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa
Candidates are advised to read INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES on page 28

Calon dikehendaki membaca MAKLUMAT UNTUK PELAJAR di halaman 28
This question booklet has 25 printed pages

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA
[Lihat halaman sebelah

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Which of the following scientists discovered proton?

Antara saintis berikut, yang manakah menemui proton?
Neils Bohr
J. J Thomson
James Chadwick
Ernest Rutherford
Which of the following is the empirical formula of C6H12O6?

Antara berikut,yang manakah formula empirik bagi C6H12O6?
CHO
CH2O
C2H4O2
C6H12O6
Calcium carbonate, CaCO3 is the main component of marble. How many moles of
atom of each element is present in 1 mol of calcium carbonate?
Kalsium karbonat, CaCO3 adalah komponen utama dalam marmar. Berapakah bilangan mol
atom setiap unsur dalam 1 mol kalsium karbonat?
Calcium, Ca
Carbon, C
Oxygen, O
Kalsium, Ca
Karbon, C
Oksigen, O
What is the factor that determines the chemical properties of an element?

Apakah faktor yang menentukan sifat kimia sesuatu unsur?
The number of proton in an atom

Bilangan proton dalam satu atom
The number of neutrons in the nucleus

Bilangan neutron di dalam nukleus
The number of electrons in the outer most shell

Bilangan elektron pada petala terluar
The number of electrons in an atom

Bilangan elektron dalam satu atom

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Table 1 shows the proton number for four elements in the Periodic Table.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi empat unsur dalam Jadual Berkala.
Elements Proton Number

Unsur
Nombor proton
11
17
Table 1
Jadual 1
Which of the following pairs of elements are placed in the same group in the Periodic
Table?
Antara pasangan unsur berikut, yang manakah berada dalam kumpulan sama dalam Jadual
Berkala?
T and U
T dan U
V and W
V dan W
T and V
T dan V
U and W
U dan W
During the formation of ionic bonds, the atoms of elements

Dalam pembentukkan ikatan ion, atom-atom unsur
share electrons
berkongsi elektron
accept electrons
menerima elektron
donate electrons
menderma elektron
transfer electrons
memindah elektron

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Which of the following is an example of electrolyte?

Antara berikut, yang manakah adalah contoh elektrolit?
Sugar solution
Larutan gula
Molten naphthalene
Leburan naftalena
Solid sodium chloride

Pepejal natrium klorida
Molten lead(II) bromide

Leburan plumbum(II) bromida
What are the cations present in zinc sulphate solution?

Apakah kation yang hadir dalam larutan zink sulfat?
Zn2+, H+
Zn2+, SO42-
OH-, SO42-
Zn2+, H+, OH-, SO42-
Why ammonia solution is a weak alkali?

Mengapakah larutan ammonia sejenis alkali lemah ?
It has high pH value

Ia mempunyai nilai pH yang tinggi
It dissociates partially in water

Ia tercerai separa dalam air
It contains a lot of ammonium ions

Ia mengandungi banyak ion ammonium
It produces high concentration of hydroxide ions in the water

Ia menghasilkan kepekatan ion hidroksida yang tinggi di dalam air
10
Which of the following chemical equations represents the formation of oleum in

Contact Process?
Antara persamaan kimia berikut, manakah mewakili penghasilan oleum dalam Proses Sentuh?
S + O2 SO2
2 SO2 + O2 2 SO3
SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7
H2S2O7 + H2O 2 H2SO4

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An alloy which is used to make surgical forceps has the following composition:
Sejenis aloi yang digunakan untuk membuat forsep pembedahan mempunyai komposisi
berikut:
Iron
Besi
Chromium
Kromium
Carbon
Karbon
74 %
18 %
8%
This alloy is strong and does not corrode easily. What is this alloy?
Aloi ini kuat dan tidak mudah terkakis. Apakah aloi ini?
Bronze
Gangsa
Pewter
Piuter
Duralumin
Duralumin
Stainless steel
Keluli nirkarat
12
Diagram 1 shows standard representation of chlorine isotopes.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan wakilan piawai isotop-isotop bagi klorin.
35
17
37
Cl
17
Cl
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Both isotopes have

Kedua-dua isotop mempunyai
different number of valence electrons

bilangan elektron valens yang berbeza
different chemical properties

sifat kimia yang berbeza
same number of neutrons

bilangan neutron yang sama
same number of protons

bilangan proton yang sama

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Which of the following is/are weak acid?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan asid lemah?
HCl
II
HNO3
III
H2SO4
IV
CH3COOH
I only
I sahaja
I and II
I dan II
III and IV
III dan IV
IV only
IV sahaja
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What should be added to latex so that it stays in liquid form?

Apakah yang perlu ditambahkan kepada lateks bagi mengekalkannya dalam bentuk cecair?
Ethanol
Etanol
Ethanoic acid
Asid etanoik
Ammonia solution
Larutan ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
Asid hidroklorik

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Diagram 2 shows the mixture of liquid Z and water in a test tube.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan campuran cecair Z dan air dalam tabung uji.
Liquid Z
Cecair Z
Water
Air
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Which of the following is liquid Z?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan cecair Z?
Glucose
Glukosa
Ethanol
Etanol
Ethanoic acid
Asid etanoik
Ethyl ethanoate
Etil etanoat
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Which of the following chemical reactions is a redox reaction?

Antara tindak balas kimia berikut, yang manakah merupakan satu tindak balas redoks?
Displacement
Penyesaran
Neutralisation
Peneutralan
Hydrogenation
Penghidrogenan
Halogenation
Penghalogenan

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Diagram 3 shows the rusting process of an iron nail when paired with metal X.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan proses pengaratan paku besi bila dipasangkan dengan logam X.
Wire
Metal X
Wayar
Logam X
Iron nail
Paku besi
Potassium chloride solution

Larutan kalium klorida
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
The rate of rusting is the highest when X is

Kadar pengaratan adalah paling tinggi apabila X adalah
zinc
zink
silver
argentum
lead
plumbum
magnesium
magnesium
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Which of the following pairs of additive in detergent and its function is correct?
Antara pasangan berikut, manakah bahan tambah detergen dan fungsinya yang benar?
A
B
C
D
Additives in detergent
Function
Bahan tambah detergen
Fungsi
Sodium perborate
To convert stains into colourless substances
Natrium perborat
Menukarkan kotoran kepada bahan tidak berwarna
Sodium tripoliphosphate
To enable detergent to be poured easily
Natrium tripolifosfat
Memudahkan detergen dituang dengan mudah
Sodium silicate
To remove protein stains
Natrium silikat
Menanggalkan kotoran berprotein
Sodium sulphate
To soften the water
Natrium sulfat
Melembutkan air

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Diagram 4 shows the application of chemical reactions in daily life.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan aplikasi tindak balas kimia dalam kehidupan seharian.
Materials
Bahan-bahan
Name
Cold pack
Hot pack
Nama
Pek sejuk
Pek panas
Chemicals used
M and water
N and water
Bahan kimia yang digunakan
M dan air
N dan air
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
What is M and N?
Apakah M dan N?
Material M
Bahan N
Ammonium nitrate
Anhydrous magnesium sulphate
Ammonium nitrat
Magnesium sulfat kontang
Ammonium hydroxide
Calcium chloride
Ammonium hidroksida
Kalsium klorida
Sodium carbonate
Sodium hydroxide
Natrium karbonat
Natrium hidroksida
Sodium acetate
Sodium bicarbonate
Natrium asetat
Natrium bikarbonat
A
B
C
D
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Material N
Bahan M
A student has a whooping cough.

He went to a clinic and the doctor prescribed streptomycin.
Seorang pelajar mengalami batuk kokol.
Dia pergi ke klinik dan doktor memberinya streptomisin.
What type of medicine is streptomycin?

Apakah jenis ubat streptomisin?
Analgesic
Analgesik
Antibiotic
Antibiotik
Antipsychotic
Antipsikotik
Psychotherapeutic
Psikoteraputik

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The following shows a standard representation of potassium atom, K.

Berikut adalah wakilan piawai bagi atom kalium K.
39
19
Which is the correct electron arrangement for potassium?

Susunan elektron manakah yang betul bagi kalium?
22
2.8.8.1
2.8.8.2
2.8.1
2.8.2
Table 2 shows the melting and boiling points of substances V, W, X and Y.

Jadual 2 menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bahan V, W, X dan Y.
Substances
Melting point (oC)

o
Boiling point (oC)
Bahan-bahan
Takat lebur ( C)
Takat didih (oC)
23
64
298
256
192
12
135
Table 2
Jadual 2
Which of the following substances is in liquid form at room temperature?

Antara bahan berikut, manakah merupakan cecair pada suhu bilik ?

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Why the reactivity of Group 1 elements increases when going down the group?
Mengapa kereaktifan unsur Kumpulan 1 meningkat apabila menuruni kumpulan?
The size of atom decreases

Saiz atom semakin berkurang
The density of element increases
The ability of the atom to donate valence electron increases
Ketumpatan unsur semakin meningkat

Keupayaan atom menderma elektron valens semakin meningkat.
The attraction between nucleus and the valence electron become stronger
Daya tarikan antara nukleus dan elektron valens semakin kuat
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Table 3 shows the electron arrangement of atoms J and L.

Jadual 3 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom J dan L.
Atom
Electron arrangement
Susunan elektron
2.8.2
2.8.7
Table 3
Jadual 3
Which of the following is true for the compound formed when J reacts with L?
Antara berikut manakah benar bagi sebatian yang terbentuk apabila J bertindak balas dengan
L?
A
B
C
D
Type of bonding
Able to conduct electricity
Jenis ikatan
Boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik
Ionic
in aqueous and molten state
Ionik
dalam keadaan akueus dan leburan
Covalent
in aqueous and molten state
Kovalen
dalam keadaan akueus dan leburan
Covalent
in aqueous state only
Kovalen
dalam keadaan akueus sahaja
Ionic
in molten state only
Ionik
dalam keadaan leburan sahaja

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Diagram 5 shows a chemical cell using magnesium and copper as the electrodes.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan sel kimia menggunakan magnesium dan kuprum sebagai elektrod.
Magnesium
Copper
Magnesium
Kuprum
Sodium chloride solution

Larutan natrium klorida
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
Which of the following half equations represents the reaction at the copper electrode?
Antara persamaan setengah berikut, yang manakah mewakili tindak balas yang berlaku di
elektrod kuprum?
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Cu Cu2+ + 2e
2H+
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
+ 2e H2
The pH of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl and 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid,
H2SO4 are not the same because
pH asid hidroklorik, HCl 0.1 mol dm-3 dan asid sulfurik, H2SO4 0.1 mol dm-3 berbeza kerana
HCl does not ionize completely in water

HCl tidak mengion lengkap dalam air
concentration of H+ ions in H2SO4 is higher than HCl

kepekatan ion H+ dalam H2SO4 lebih tinggi dari HCl
number of ions in H2SO4 is more than HCl

bilangan ion dalam H2SO4 lebih banyak dari HCl
The strength of HCl and H2SO4 are not the same

Kekuatan HCl dan H2SO4 adalah berbeza

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Diagram 6 shows the reaction of lead(II) nitrate with solution X.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan tindak balas antara plumbum(II) nitrat dengan larutan X.
Lead(II) nitrate solution

Larutan plumbum(II) nitrat
Solution X
White precipitate
Larutan X
Mendakan putih
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
What is the solution X?

Apakah larutan X?
Potassium iodide
Sodium chromate
Kalium iodida
Natrium kromat
Sodium chloride
Natrium klorida
Potassium bromide
Kalium bromida
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Pure metals are ductile and malleable. This is because

Logam tulen adalah mulur dan boleh ditempa. Ini adalah kerana
atoms can move freely

atom-atom boleh bergerak bebas
layers of atoms can slide easily
bonding between atoms are weak
lapisan atom-atom boleh menggelongsor dengan mudah

ikatan antara atom-atom adalah lemah
atoms are orderly and closely packed

atom-atom tersusun secara teratur dan padat

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Diagram 7 shows a graph of the volume of gas produced against time for the reaction
between zinc granules and hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan graf isipadu gas yang dihasilkan melawan masa bagi tindak balas
antara ketulan zink dan asid hidroklorik.
Volume of gas, cm3

Isipadu gas, cm3
Time, s
Masa, s
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
The gradient of the graph decreases with time because

Kecerunan graf berkurang dengan masa kerana
catalyst is not used

mangkin tidak digunakan
volume of mixture decreases

isipadu campuran berkurang
temperature of reaction decreases

suhu tindak balas berkurang
concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases

kepekatan asid hidroklorik berkurang
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Magnesium reacts with acid to produce hydrogen gas, H2.

Which solution would give the highest initial rate of reaction?
Magnesium bertindak balas dengan asid untuk menghasilkan gas hidrogen, H2.
Larutan manakah akan memberikan kadar awal tindak balas yang tertinggi?
100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of nitric acid, HNO3

100 cm3 asid nitrik, HNO3 1.0 mol dm-3
100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid, HCl

100 cm3 asid hidroklorik, HCl 1.0 mol dm-3
100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of sulphuric acid, H2SO4

100 cm3 asid sulfurik, H2SO4 1.0 mol dm-3
100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH

100 cm3 etanoik asid, CH3COOH 1.0 mol dm-3

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Both ethane and ethene

Kedua-dua etana dan etena
have the same general formula

mempunyai formula am yang sama
have similar physical properties
can decolourise brown bromine water
mempunyai sifat fizik yang sama

boleh menyahwarnakan larutan perang air bromin
burn completely in air to produce carbon dioxide gas and water

terbakar lengkap dalam udara menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida dan air
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The following equation represents a chemical reaction of ethanol.

Persamaan berikut mewakili satu tindak balas kimia bagi etanol.
Porcelain chips
C2H5OH
Serpihan porselin
H2O
What can be used to identify substance P?

Apakah yang boleh digunakan untuk mengenal pasti bahan P?
Bromine water
Chlorine water
Air bromin
Air klorin
Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen
Phosphoric acid
Asid fosforik
33
The following equation shows the reaction between copper(II) oxide and carbon.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara kuprum(II) oksida dengan karbon.
2CuO + C CO2 + 2Cu

Which of the following statements is true about the reaction?
Antara kenyataan berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai tindak balas itu?
Carbon is an oxidising agent

Karbon ialah agen pengoksidaan
Copper(II) oxide is a reducing agent

Kuprum(II) oksida ialah agen penurunan
Carbon is reduced to carbon dioxide
Copper(II) oxide is reduced to copper.
Karbon diturunkan kepada karbon dioksida

Kuprum(II) oksida diturunkan kepada kuprum

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When 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid is mixed with 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium
hydroxide solution the temperature increases by 6.0 oC .
What is the temperature change if the experiment is repeated using 50 cm3 of
2.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid with 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide?
Apabila 50 cm3 asid nitrik 1.0 mol dm-3 dicampurkan dengan 50 cm3 natrium hidroksida
1.0 mol dm-3, suhu bertambah sebanyak 6.0 oC.
Berapakah perubahan suhu jika eksperimen diulangi menggunakan 50 cm3 asid nitrik
2.0 mol dm-3 dengan 50 cm3 natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3?
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3.0 oC
6.0 oC
9.0 oC
12.0 oC
A student carries out an experiment to determine the heat of combustion of propanol.

Which of the following information does he need in order to calculate the heat of
combustion?
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk menentukan haba pembakaran bagi propanol.
Antara maklumat berikut, yang manakah diperlukan untuk menentukan haba pembakaran
propanol?
Mass of water
II
Volume of propanol
Jisim air
Isipadu propanol
III
Initial temperature of propanol

Bacaan suhu awal propanol
IV
Highest temperature of water

Bacaan suhu tertinggi air
I and II
I and IV
I dan II
I dan IV
II and III
II dan III
III and IV
III dan IV

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Table 5 shows four elements and their proton numbers.

Jadual 5 menunjukkan empat unsur dan bilangan proton.
Element Proton number

Unsur
Nombor proton
P
Q
R
S
8
11
17
16
Table 5
Jadual 5
Given the proton number of flourine is 9, which of the following elements has similar
chemical properties to it?
Jika nombor proton bagi florin ialah 9, manakah antara unsur berikut mempunyai sifat kimia
yang sama dengannya?
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Table 6 shows the electron arrangement and nucleon number for atoms E and G.
Jadual 6 menunjukkan susunan elektron dan nombor nukleon bagi atom E dan G.
Electron arrangement
Susunan elektron
Nucleon number
Nombor nukleon
Atom E
Atom G
2.8.3
2.8.7
27
35
Table 6
Jadual 6
Based on Table 6, what is the relative molecular mass for compound formed when E
reacts with G?
Berdasarkan Jadual 6, apakah jisim molekul relatif bagi sebatian yang terbentuk apabila atom
E bertindak balas dengan atom G?
62
64
97
132

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An element J forms compound JCl3 with chlorine and JSO4 with sulphate ion.
Which of the following is true for this element?
Unsur J membentuk sebatian JCl3 dengan klorin dan JSO4 dengan ion sulfat.
Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang unsur ini?
J is a transition metal
J is an alkali metal
J is a Group 2 element
J is halogen
J adalah logam peralihan

J adalah logam alkali
J adalah unsur Kumpulan 2
J adalah halogen.
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R reacts with S to form ionic compound with a formula of R2S3.

Which of the following electron arrangements are true for R and S atoms?
R bertindak balas dengan S membentuk sebatian ion dengan formula R2S3.
Antara susunan elektron berikut yang manakah benar bagi atom R dan S?
40
Electron arrangement of R atom
Electron arrangement of S atom
Susunan elektron atom R
Susunan elektron atom S
2.1
2.7
2.2
2.8.5
2.8.3
2.6
2.8.8.2
2.8.6
Table 7 shows the potential differences for three simple cells.

Jadual 7 menunjukkan beza upaya bagi tiga sel ringkas.
Pair of metals
Potential difference (V)
Negative terminal
Pasangan logam
Beza upaya (V)
Kutub negatif
0.4
1.3
0.6
Table 7
Cu
K and copper
K dan kuprum
L and copper
L dan kuprum
M and copper
M dan kuprum
Jadual 7
Based on the potential values given, what is the arrangement of all metals K, L, M and
copper in ascending order of electropositivity?
Berdasarkan kepada beza upaya yang diberikan, manakah susunan kesemua logam K, L, M
dan kuprum mengikut urutan keelektropositifan menaik?
A
B
C
D
L, K, Cu, M
K, L, M, Cu
M, Cu, K, L
Cu, K, L, M

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Diagram 8 shows the set-up of apparatus for the titration of sodium hydroxide solution
with hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi pentitratan larutan natrium hidroksida dengan asid
hidroklorik.
2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid

Asid hidroklorik 2.0 mol dm-3
20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution

and phenolphthalein
20 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3
dan fenolftalein
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
What is the total volume of the mixture in the conical flask at end point?
Berapakah jumlah isipadu campuran larutan di dalam kelalang kon pada takat akhir
pentitratan?
A
B
C
D
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40 cm3
30 cm3
20 cm3
10 cm3
The following equation represents the reaction between magnesium oxide and nitric
acid.
Persamaan berikut mewakili tindak balas antara magnesium oksida dengan asid nitrik.
MgO + 2HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + H2O

Excess magnesium oxide is reacted with 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid.
What is the maximum mass of magnesium nitrate salt formed?
[Relative atomic mass: N = 14, O = 16, Mg = 24]
Magnesium oksida yang berlebihan bertindak balas dengan 50 cm3 asid nitrik 2.0 mol dm-3.
Apakah jisim maksimum garam magnesium nitrat yang terbentuk?
[Jisim atom relatif: N = 14, O = 16, Mg = 24]
A
B
1.48 g
3.70 g
C
D
4.30 g
7.40 g

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Diagram 9 shows the layout of water pipe system in a house.

Rajah 9 menunjukkan pelan kedudukan sistem saluran air bagi sebuah rumah.
Waste water
Air buangan
Water supply for house-hold use

Air kegunaan isi rumah
Rain water
Air hujan
Diagram 9
Rajah 9
What are the best materials that can be used as pipes for the above purposes?
Bahan terbaik manakah boleh digunakan sebagai paip bagi tujuan di atas?
House hold water

supply
Waste water
Rain water
Air buangan
Air hujan
Polypropene
Ceramics
Polyvinylchloride
Polipropena
Seramik
Polivinilklorida
Lead
Copper
Polyvinylchloride
Plumbum
Kuprum
Polivinilklorida
Perspex
Air kegunaan isi rumah
A
B
C
D
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Fibre glass
Steel
Gentian kaca
Keluli
Perpeks
Polythene
Cast iron
Concrete
Polietena
Besi
Konkrit
The following chemical equation represents the complete combustion of propane.

Persamaan kimia berikut mewakili pembakaran lengkap propana.
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

What is the volume of oxygen gas used if 5.5 g of propane is completely burnt in air?
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16;
Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions]
Berapakah isipadu gas oksigen yang digunakan jika 5.5 g propana terbakar lengkap dalam
udara?
[Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16; Isipadu molar gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan
bilik]
30.0 dm3
B
C
D
15.0 dm3
9.0 dm3
3.0 dm3

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4541/1
21
Diagram 10 shows the set-up of apparatus of an electrolysis process.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu proses elektrolisis.
Carbon electrodes
Electrolyte
Elektrod karbon
Elektrolit
Diagram 10
Rajah 10
Which of the following electrolytes produces oxygen gas at electrode U?

Antara elektrolit berikut, yang manakah menghasilkan gas oksigen di elektrod U?
1.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution
Larutan natrium klorida 1.0 mol dm-3
1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid solution
Larutan asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3
1.0 mol dm-3 potassium nitrate solution
Larutan kalium nitrat 1.0 mol dm-3
1.0 mol dm-3 potassium bromide solution
Larutan kalium bromida 1.0 mol dm-3
46
The following statements describe the particles of a substance at room temperature.

Pernyataan-pernyataan berikut menerangkan tentang zarah-zarah suatu bahan pada suhu
bilik.
The particles are far apart from each other.

Zarah-zarah adalah berjauhan antara satu sama lain.
Forces of attraction between particles are weak.

Daya tarikan antara zarah adalah lemah.
The particles have high kinetic energy and move randomly.

Zarah-zarah mempunyai tenaga kinetik yang tinggi dan bergerak rawak..
Which of the following substance match the criteria?

Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah memenuhi kriteria di atas?
Substance
Melting point (C)
Boiling point (C)
Bahan
Takat lebur
Takat didih
114
443
-11
44
-65
-8
20
98

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47
22
4541/1
Diagram 11 shows the preparation of standard solution of potassium hydroxide, KOH

by dissolving 5.6 g of potassium hydroxide in distilled water and making the volume
up to 100 cm3.
Rajah 11 menunjukkan penyediaan larutan piawai kalium hidroksida, KOH dengan
melarutkan 5.6 g kalium hidroksida di dalam air suling dan menjadikan isipadu sehingga 100
cm3.
Diagram 11
Rajah 11
What is the volume of the standard solution prepared above that should be used if a
student wants to prepare 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution?
[Relative formula mass: KOH = 56]
Berapakah isipadu larutan piawai yang disediakan di atas perlu digunakan jika seorang
pelajar ingin menyediakan 50 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida 0.5 mol dm-3?
[Jisim formula relatif: KOH = 56]
A
B
C
D
12.5 cm3
25.0 cm3
37.5 cm3
50.0 cm3

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48
4541/1
23
Table 9 shows the experiments carried out to study the rate of reaction between zinc
carbonate and nitric acid.
Jadual 9 menunjukkan eksperimen yang dijalankan bagi mengkaji tindak balas antara zink
karbonat dengan asid nitrik.
Zinc carbonate, ZnCO3
Nitric acid, HNO3
Zink karbonat
Asid nitrik
Experiment
Eksperimen
Mass (g)
State
Volume(cm3)
Jisim
Keadaan
Isipadu
II
Granule
Ketulan
Powder
Serbuk
Concentration
(mol dm-3)
Kepekatan
50
0.1
25
0.2
Table 9
Jadual 9
Which of the following graph represents the two experiments?

Antara graf berikut yang manakah mewakili kedua-dua eksperimen itu?
A
Volume of CO2/cm3
B
Volume of CO2/cm3
Isipadu CO2/cm3
Isipadu CO2/cm3
I
II
II
I
Time/s
Time/s
Masa/s
Masa/s
C
Volume of CO2/cm3
D
Volume of CO2/cm3
Isipadu CO2/cm3
Isipadu CO2/cm3
II
II
Time/s
Masa/s
Time/s
Masa/s

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4541/1
24
The following equations represent the displacement reaction of metals.

Persamaan-persamaan berikut mewakili tindak balas penyesaran beberapa logam.
Reaction I
E + G2+ E2+ + G
L + E2+ L2+ + E
Tindak balas I
Reaction II
Tindak balas II
Which of the following statement is true?

Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar?
E and G are oxidised

E dan G teroksida
E is more electropositive than L.

E adalah lebih elektropositif dari L
G is lower than L in the Electrochemical Series.

G adalah di bawah L dalam Siri Elektrokimia.
G can displace E from its salt solution.

G boleh menyesarkan E daripada larutan garamnya
50
Diagram 12 shows an energy level diagram for the reaction between acid and alkali.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas antara asid dan alkali.
Energy
Tenaga
CH3COOH + KOH
H = - 54 kJ mol-1
CH3COOK + H2O
Diagram 12
Rajah 12
Calculate the amount of heat released when 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid reacts
with 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution.
Hitung jumlah haba yang dibebaskan apabila 50 cm3 asid etanoik 2 mol dm-3 bertindak balas
dengan 50 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida 2 mol dm-3.
540 J
5400 J
27000 J
54000 J

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25
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON
1.
This question paper consists of 50 questions.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.
2.
Answer all questions.

Jawab semua soalan
3.
Each question is followed by four alternative answers A, B, C and D. For each

question, choose one answer only. Blacken your answer on the objective answer sheet
provided.
Tiap-tiap soalan di ikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, iaitu A, B, C dan D. Bagi setiap soalan,
pilih satu jawapan sahaja. Hitamkan jawapan anda pada kertas jawapan objektif yang
disediakan.
4.
If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made.
Then blacken the new answer.
Sekiranya anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian
hitamkan jawapan yang baru.
5.
The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
6.
You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.

SULIT
4541/2
Chemistry
Paper 2
Sept 2010
2 hour
Name : .
Index Number: .......

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
TRIAL EXAMINATION
2010
CHEMISTRY
Paper 2
Kod Pemeriksa
Section Question
Two hours and thirty minutes
DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION BOOKLET

UNTIL BEING TOLD TO DO SO
1. Write your name and index number in the

space provided.
Tuliskan nama dan angka giliran anda pada
ruang yang disediakan.
2. The question booklet is bilingual.

Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.
3. Candidate is required to read the information

at the back page.
Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di
halaman belakang.
10
10
11
11
20
20
20
10
20
TOTAL
This booklet contains 36 printed pages.
Full
mark
Marks
4541/2
Section A
For
Examiners
Use
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section.

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
(a)
Diagram 1.1 shows the step involved in an industrial process to produce

ammonia.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan langkah yang terlibat dalam industri untuk menyediakan
ammonia.
Hydrogen gas
Combine to
form
Gas Hidrogen
Berpadu
membentuk
Gas T
Ammonia
Ammonia
Gas T
Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1
(i)
Name the process in the production of ammonia.

Namakan proses dalam penghasilan ammonia.
1(a)(i)
...
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Name gas T.
Namakan gas T.
1(a)(ii)
...
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
Write the chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen and
gas T to produce ammonia.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara hidrogen dan gas T
untuk menghasilkan ammonia.
1(a)(iii)
...
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
4541/2 Copyright Reserved MARA
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(b)
Table 1 shows two types of food additives used in food industry.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan dua jenis bahan tambah makanan yang digunakan dalam
industri makanan.
Types of food
additives
Jenis bahan
tambah makanan
U
Antioxidants
Anti pengoksida
Example
Uses
Contoh
Kegunaan
Sodium benzoate
Food can last longer
Natrium benzoat
Makanan tahan lebih lama
For
Examiners
Use
Neutralises free radicals

and reduce risk of cancer
Meneutralkan radikal bebas dan
mengurangkan risiko kanser
Table 1
Jadual 1
(i)
State the type of food additive U.

Nyatakan jenis bahan tambah makanan U.
1(b)(i)
...
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
State the example of antioxidant that is represented by V.

Nyatakan contoh anti pengoksida yang diwakili oleh V.
1(b)(ii)
...
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(c)
Diagram 1.2 shows an equation representing the reaction between coconut

oil (gliseryl tristearate) and concentrated sodium hydroxide.
For
Examiners
Use
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan satu persamaan yang mewakili tindak balas antara
minyak kelapa (gliseril tristearat) dan natrium hidroksida pekat.
Gliseryl tristearate
Glyserol
Gliseril tristearat
Soap
Gliserol
Sabun
Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
Based on Diagram 1.2, answer the following questions:

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, jawab soalan - soalan berikut:
(i)
Name the soap molecules produced.

Namakan molekul sabun yang terhasil.
1(c)(i)
..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Name the process represented by the equation.

Namakan proses yang diwakili oleh persamaan tersebut.
1(c)(ii)
..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
Why are the soap molecules not effective in hard water?

Mengapakah molekul sabun tidak berkesan dalam air liat?
..
..
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
1(c)(iii)
4541/2
(a)
Table 2 shows the proton number and nucleon number of atoms P, Q and
R.
For
Examiners
Use
Jadual 2 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom P, Q dan
R.
Atom of element
Proton number
Nucleon number
Atom unsur
Nombor proton
Nombor nukleon
16
19
17
Table 2
Jadual 2
Answer the following question based on Table 2,

Jawab soalan berikut berdasarkan Jadual 2,
(i)
Which pair of atoms are isotopes?

Pasangan atom manakah merupakan isotop?
2(a)(i)
....
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Give the reason for your answer in (a)(i).

Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (a)(i).
2(a)(ii)
....
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
Draw the electron arrangement for atom Q.

Lukis gambar rajah susunan elektron bagi atom Q.
2(a)(iii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(b)
When metals of Group 1 react with water, bubbles of colourless gas are
evolved.
Diagram 2 shows the reaction of the first three alkali metals with water in
three different beakers labeled as W, X and Y.
For
Examiners
Use
Apabila logam-logam Kumpulan 1 bertindak balas dengan air, gelembunggelembung gas tanpa warna dibebaskan.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan tindak balas bagi tiga logam alkali yang pertama dengan
air di dalam tiga bikar berlabel W, X dan Y.
Flame
Nyalaan
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
(i)
In which beaker shows the reaction of potassium with water?

Bikar manakah menunjukkan tindak balas kalium dengan air?
2(b)(i)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Based on Diagram 2, name the gas evolved when metals of

Group1 react with water.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, namakan gas yang terbebas apabila logam
Kumpulan 1 bertindak balas dengan air.
2(b)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
State one observation when a few drops of phenolphthalein

indicator is added into the solution formed in W, X and Y.
Explain your answer.
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian apabila beberapa titik penunjuk fenolftalein
dimasukkan ke dalam larutan yang terhasil di W, X dan Y.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
...
...
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
2(b)(iii)
4541/2
(iv)
For
Examiners
Use
Complete the following chemical equation:

Lengkapkan persamaan kimia berikut:
2(b)(iv)
Na
+ H2O
.. + ..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(v)
Based on Diagram 2, what can you infer about the density of

Group 1 metals compared to water?
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, apakah yang dapat disimpulkan mengenai
ketumpatan logam-logam Kumpulan 1 berbanding air?
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
2(b)(v)
4541/2
Diagram 3.1 and 3.2 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis
of molten lead(II) oxide and silver nitrate solution.
For
Examiners
Use
Rajah 3.1 dan Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji elektrolisis leburan
plumbum(II) oksida dan larutan argentum nitrat.
Silver nitrate
solution
Larutan
argentum nitrat
Carbon G
Carbon F
Molten lead(II)
oxide
Leburan
plumbum(II)
oksida
(a)
Heat
Carbon L
Panaskan
Carbon M
Diagram 3.1
Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.1
Rajah 3.2
What is meant by electrolyte?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan elektrolit?
3(a)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b)
Based on Diagram 3.1,

Berdasarkan Rajah 3.1,
(i)
Name the product formed at electrode G.

Namakan hasil yang terbentuk di elektrod G.
[1 mark]
3(b)(i)
[1 markah]
(ii)
Write the half equation for the reaction that occurs at electrode F.
Tuliskan persamaan separa bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di elektrod F.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
3(b)(ii)
4541/2
(c )
For
Examiners
Use
Based on Diagram 3.2,

Berdasarkan Rajah 3.2,
(i)
State the ions present in silver nitrate solution.
3(c)(i)
Nyatakan ion - ion yang hadir dalam larutan argentum nitrat.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
What would you observe at carbon electrode M?

Apakah yang anda perhatikan di elektrod karbon M?
3(c)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
Explain your answer in (c)(ii).

Terangkan jawapan anda di (c)(ii).
3(c)(iii)
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(iv)
Describe how you can verify the product formed at carbon

electrode L.
Huraikan bagaimana anda boleh mengesahkan hasil yang terbentuk di
elektrod karbon L?
3(c)(iv)
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(d)
State one application of electrolysis in industries.
3(d)
Nyatakan satu kegunaan elektrolisis dalam industri.
................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(a)
Table 4 shows example of strong acid and weak acid with the
concentration of 0.1 mol dm-3.
For
Examiners
Use
Jadual 4 menunjukkan contoh asid kuat dan asid lemah dengan kepekatan 0.1
mol dm-3.
Type of acid
Example
Jenis asid
Contoh
Strong acid
Hydrochloric acid
Asid kuat
Asid hidroklorik
Weak acid
Oxalic acid
Asid lemah
Asid oksalik
pH
1.0
3.0
Table 4
Jadual 4
Based on the information shown in Table 4, answer the following

questions:
Berdasarkan maklumat di dalam Jadual 4, jawab soalan-soalan berikut:
(i)
What is meant by a weak acid?

Apakah dimaksudkan dengan asid lemah?
4(a)(i)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Why is the pH value of hydrochloric acid lower than the pH value

of oxalic acid?
Mengapakah nilai pH asid hidroklorik lebih rendah dari nilai pH asid
oksalik?
4(a)(ii)
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
10
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(b)
For
Examiners
Use
Diagram 4.1 shows the apparatus set-up for a titration between sodium
hydroxide solution and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi pentitratan antara larutan natrium
hidroksida dan asid hidroklorik cair.
Hydrochloric acid
Asid hidroklorik
25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide

25 cm3 natrium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3
Diagram 4.1
Rajah 4.1
(i)
Write a chemical equation to represent the reaction.

Tulis persamaan kimia mewakili tindak balas ini.
4(b)(i)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution is required to

react completely with 12.50 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid.
Calculate the molarity of the dilute hydrochloric acid used.
25 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3 diperlukan untuk
bertindak balas lengkap dengan 12.50 cm3 asid hidroklorik cair.
Hitungkan kemolaran asid hidroklorik cair yang digunakan.
4(b)(ii)
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
11
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(c)
Diagram 4.2 shows a series of reaction to prepare zinc carbonate.
For
Examiners
Use
Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas untuk menyediakan zink karbonat.
Zinc carbonate
Zinc oxide
+ HCl
+S
Solution N
Larutan N
Zink oksida
Zink karbonat
Step 1
Step 2
Langkah 1
Langkah 2
Sodium chloride
Natrium klorida
Diagram 4.2
Rajah 4.2
(i)
Name the following solutions:

Namakan larutan- larutan berikut:
N:
..
4(c)(i)
S:
..
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii)
State the type of reaction in Step 2.

Nyatakan jenis tindak balas bagi Langkah 2.
4(c)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
12
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(a)
Diagram 5.1 shows a reaction between lithium and chlorine gas.
For
Examiners
Use
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu tindak balas antara litium dan gas klorin.
Chlorine gas
Gas klorin
Burning lithium
Litium yang terbakar
Diagram 5.1
Rajah 5.1
(i)
Write a chemical equation for the reaction.
5(a)(i)
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
State the changes in oxidation number for chlorine.

Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi klorin.
5(a)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
Explain why lithium acts as the reducing agent in terms of electron

transfer.
Terangkan mengapa litium bertindak sebagai agen penurunan dari segi
pemindahan elektron.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
13
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
5(a)(iii)
4541/2
(b)
Diagram 5.2 shows the addition of bromine water into a test tube
containing potassium iodide solution until in excess.
For
Examiners
Use
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan penambahan air bromin ke dalam tabung uji

mengandungi larutan kalium iodida sehingga berlebihan.
Bromine water
Air bromin
Potassium iodide solution

Larutan kalium iodida
Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.2
(i)
A small amount of 1,1,1-trichloroethane liquid is added to the

product in the test tube and the mixture is shaken.
What is the colour of 1,1,1-trichloroethane layer?
Sedikit cecair 1,1,1-trikloroetana ditambah kepada hasil di dalam tabung
uji dan campuran digoncang.
Apakah warna lapisan 1,1,1-trikloroetana?
5(b)(i)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Write the ionic equation for the reaction between bromine and
potassium iodide solution.
Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas antara bromin dengan larutan
kalium iodida.
5(b)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
What is the role of bromine water in this reaction?

Apakah peranan air bromin dalam tindak balas ini?
5(b)(iii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
14
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(c)
Diagram 5.3 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to compare

the reactivity of reactions between metal oxides and hydrogen gas.
Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk
membandingkan kereaktifan tindak balas antara oksida logam dan gas hidrogen.
Metal oxide powder

Serbuk oksida logam
Dry hydrogen gas

Gas hidrogen kering
Heat
Panaskan
Diagram 5.3
Rajah 5.3
Table 5 shows the result of the experiment:

Jadual 5 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen:
Experiment
Result
Eksperimen
Keputusan
Hydrogen + oxide of metal J
Metal oxide powder glows brightly.

Black powder turned brown.
Hidrogen + oksida logam J
Hydrogen + oxide of metal T

Hidrogen + oksida logam T
Serbuk oksida logam berbara dengan terang.

Serbuk hitam menjadi perang.
No reaction.
Powder turns yellow when hot and white
when cold.
Tiada tindak balas.
Serbuk bertukar kuning apabila panas dan
putih apabila sejuk.
No reaction.
White powder remained.
Hydrogen + magnesium oxide

Hidrogen + magnesium oksida
Tiada tindak balas.

Serbuk putih kekal.
Table 5
Jadual 5
15
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
For
Examiners
Use
4541/2
(i)
Suggest a name for metal T.

Cadangkan nama bagi logam T.
For
Examiners
Use
5(c)(i)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)
Arrange the reactivity of J, T, Magnesium and Hydrogen in

ascending order.
Susun kereaktifan J, T, Magnesium dan Hidrogen dalam susunan menaik.
5(c)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)
Based on the observations, explain how you obtain the arrangement

in (c)(ii).
Berdasarkan pemerhatian, terangkan bagaimana susunan dalam (c) (ii)
diperolehi.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
16
[See next page

CONFIDENTIAL
5(c)(iii)
4541/2
Diagram 6 shows the structural formula of two organic compounds K and L.
For
Examiners
Use
Rajah 6 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi dua sebatian organik K dan L.
Compound K
Compound L
Sebatian K
Sebatian L
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
Compound K and L belong to two different homologous series.

Sebatian K dan L tergolong dalam dua siri homolog yang berbeza.
(a)
Write the general formula for the homologous series of compound K.

Tulis formula am bagi siri homolog untuk sebatian K.
6(a)
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b)
Name compound L.
Namakan sebatian L.
6(b)
............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(c)
Compare two physical properties of compounds K and L by completing

the following table:
Bandingkan dua sifat fizik bagi sebatian K dan L dengan melengkapkan jadual
berikut:
Physical property
Compound K
Compound L
Sifat fizik
Sebatian K
Sebatian L
Odour
Bau
6(c)
Solubility
Keterlarutan
[ 2 marks]
[2 markah]
17
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(d)
For
Examiners
Use
Compound L can be produced from K in the laboratory.

Sebatian L boleh dihasilkan dari K di dalam makmal.
(i)
Describe briefly how this process can be carried out.

Huraikan secara ringkas bagaimana proses ini dapat dijalankan.
6(d)(i)
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(ii)
Write the equation for the reaction

Tulis persamaan bagi tindak balas ini.
6(d)(ii)
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(iii)
Compound K is produced from the oxidation of propanol.

Draw all possible isomers for propanol.
Sebatian K dihasilkan dari pengoksidaan propanol.
Lukis semua isomer yang mungkin bagi propanol.
6(d)(iii)
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
18
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
Section B
Bahagian B
[20 marks]
[20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
(a)
Diagram 7 shows a graph of volume of gas against time for the reaction
between excess magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
Isipadu gas
Volume of gas, cm3
Rajah 7 menunjukkan graf isipadu gas melawan masa bagi tindak balas antara
magnesium karbonat berlebihan dan asid hidroklorik.
t1
t2
Time,s
Masa
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
Compare the rate of reaction at t1 and t2.

Based on the graph, explain your answer.
Bandingkan kadar tindak balas pada t1 dan t2.
Berdasarkan graf, terangkan jawapan anda.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b)
The following chemical equation shows the reaction between calcium

carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat
dengan asid hidroklorik.
2HCl + CaCO3
CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Determine the mass of calcium carbonate needed in the reaction if 480 cm3
of gas is released at room condition.
(The molar volume of gas at room condition: 24 dm3 mol-1,
Relative atomic mass: C = 12 g, O= 16 g, Ca = 40 g)
Tentukan jisim kalsium karbonat yang diperlukan dalam tindak balas jika
480 cm3 gas dibebaskan pada keadaan bilik.
(Isipadu molar gas pada keadaan bilik: 24 dm3 mol-1,
Jisim atom relatif: C=12 g, O= 16 g, Ca= 40 g )
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(c)
Two experiments are carried out to study the effect of the size of calcium
carbonate on the rate of reaction.
Dua eksperimen dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan saiz kalsium karbonat ke atas
kadar tindak balas.
Experiment I :
1 g of calcium carbonate chips react with 20.0 cm3 of

0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid.
Eksperimen I
1 g ketulan kalsium karbonat bertindak balas dengan 20.0

cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3.
Experiment II :
1 g of calcium carbonate powder react with 20.0 cm3

of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid.
Eksperimen II :
1 g serbuk kalsium karbonat bertindak balas dengan 20.0

cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3.
The volume of gas released is recorded in Table 7.1

Isipadu gas yang terhasil direkodkan dalam Jadual 7.1
Volume
of gas / cm3
Isipadu
gas / cm3
Time / s
Masa/ s
Experiment
I
Experiment
II
60
120
180
240
300
360
0.00
25.90 33.00 37.00 40.50 42.00 42.00
0.00
28.00 36.50 41.00 42.00 42.00 42.00

Table 7.1
Jadual 7.1
(i)
Plot a graph of volume of gas against time for both experiments in

the graph paper provided on page 28.
Plot graf isipadu gas melawan masa bagi kedua-dua eksperimen pada
kertas graf yang disediakan di muka surat 28.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
(ii)
Based on the graph, determine the rate of reaction at 90 sec for

Experiment I.
Berdasarkan graf, tentukan kadar tindak balas pada 90 saat bagi
Eksperimen I.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
20
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(d)
Another set of experiment was carried out to study the effect of

temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution
and sulphuric acid as shown in Table 7.2
Satu set eksperimen lain dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas kadar
tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat dan asid sulfurik seperti
ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 7.2
Experiment
Eksperimen
Temperature of sodium
thiosulphate / oC
II
40
50
Suhu natrium tiosulfat
Table 7.2
Jadual 7.2
(i)
Write the ionic equation for the reaction.

Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas ini.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii)
Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and II by using

Collision Theory.
Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan II
menggunakan Teori Perlanggaran.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(a)
The molecular formula of butane is C4H10

and its empirical formula is C2H5.
Formula molekul bagi butana ialah C4H10
dan formula empiriknya ialah C2H5
Based on the statement, explain the meaning of empirical formula and

molecular formula.
Berdasarkan kenyataan tersebut, terangkan maksud formula empirik dan formula
molekul.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b)
The decomposition of copper(II) nitrate is shown in the following equation:

Penguraian kuprum(II) nitrat ditunjukkan dalam persamaan berikut:
2 Cu(NO3)2
2 CuO + 4 NO2
O2
(Relative atomic mass: N=14, O=16, Cu=64,

molar volume of gas at room condition; 24 dm3 mol-1)
(Jisim atom relatif: N=14, O=16, Cu=64,
isipadu molar gas pada keadaan bilik; 24 dm3 mol-1)
(i)
Determine the percentage composition by mass of oxygen in

copper(II) nitrate.
Tentukan peratus mengikut jisim bagi oksigen dalam kuprum(II) nitrat.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(ii)
If 3.2 g of copper(II) oxide is produced during the heating process,

calculate the volume of oxygen gas evolved at room condition.
Jika 3.2 g kuprum(II) oksida dihasilkan semasa proses pemanasan,
hitung isipadu gas oksigen yang terbebas pada keadaan bilik.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(c)
A student carried out two experiments to determine the empirical formulae

for magnesium oxide and copper(II) oxide.
Diagram 8 shows the apparatus set-up for both experiments.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik
bagi magnesium oksida dan kuprum(II) oksida.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi kedua-dua eksperimen.
Experiment I
Eksperimen I
Magnesium coil
Pita magnesium
Heat
Panaskan
Copper(II) oxide
Kuprum(II) oksida
Dry hydrogen
Experiment II
Eksperimen II
Hidrogen kering
Heat
Panaskan
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
Explain the differences in the method used for the determination of the
empirical formulae for both oxides.
Terangkan perbezaan kaedah untuk menentukan formula
kedua-dua oksida itu.
empirik bagi
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(d)
The following equations show two redox reactions involving iron(II) ion,
Fe2+.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan dua tindak balas redoks yang melibatkan ion
ferum(II), Fe2+.
2 Fe2+ + Br2
II
Fe2+ +
Zn
2 Fe3+ + 2 BrFe
+ Zn2+
Compare the role of Fe2+ ion in both reactions.

Bandingkan peranan ion Fe2+ dalam kedua-dua tindak balas.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
Section C
Bahagian C
[20 marks]
[20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
(a)
The reaction between sodium and chlorine forms a compound with a high
melting point.
Determine the mass of the compound formed when 2.3 g sodium reacts
with excess chlorine.
[Relative atomic mass Na= 23, Cl= 35.5]
Tindak balas antara natrium dengan klorin menghasilkan satu sebatian yang
mempunyai takat lebur yang tinggi.
Tentukan jisim sebatian yang terbentuk apabila 2.3 g natrium bertindak balas
dengan klorin berlebihan.
[Jisim atom relatif Na= 23, Cl= 35.5 ]
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b)
Table 9 shows the observation when iron reacts with chlorine and bromine
gases.
Jadual 9 menunjukkan pemerhatian apabila ferum bertindak balas dengan gas
klorin dan gas bromin.
Reaction
Reactants
Observation
Tindak balas
Bahan Tindak balas
Pemerhatian
Iron + Chlorine gas

I
Ferum + Gas klorin
Iron + Bromine gas

II
Ferum + Gas bromin
The hot iron wool ignites rapidly

with a bright flame.
A brown solid is formed.
Wul besi panas menyala dengan cepat
dan terang.
Pepejal perang terhasil.
The hot iron wool glows moderately

bright and moderately fast.
A brown solid is formed.
Wul besi panas berbara sederhana
terang dan sederhana cepat.
Pepejal perang terhasil.
Table 9
Jadual 9
Based on Table 9,
Berdasarkan Jadual 9,
(i)
Write the chemical equation for either of the reactions.

Tulis persamaan kimia bagi salah satu tindak balas.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(ii)
Compare the reactivity of both reactions.

[The proton number of Cl =17, Br = 35]
Bandingkan kereaktifan kedua-dua tindak balas.
[Nombor proton: Cl =17, Br = 35]
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c)
Diagram 9 shows the standard representation for the atoms of three

elements; Li, C and Cl.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan wakilan piawai bagi atom tiga unsur; Li, C dan Cl.
Diagram 9
Rajah 9
Using the given information, describe the formation of two compounds

with different types of bonding.
Menggunakan maklumat yang diberikan, huraikan pembentukan dua sebatian
dengan jenis ikatan berbeza.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
10
(a)
Diagram 10 shows an energy level diagram.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan gambar rajah aras tenaga.
Energy
Tenaga
Mg + 2 HCl
H = -50.4 kJ mol -1
Mg Cl2 + H2
Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1
Determine the temperature change when 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of

hydrochloric acid reacts with excess magnesium.
[Specific heat capacity of solution: 4.2 J g-1 o C-1,
density of solution: 1 g cm-3 ]
Tentukan perubahan suhu apabila 50 cm3 asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3
bertindak balas dengan magnesium berlebihan.
[Muatan haba tentu larutan: 4.2 J g-1 oC-1, ketumpatan larutan: 1 g cm-3]
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/2
(b)
Table 10 shows the molecular formula and the heat of combustion for
propanol and butanol.
Jadual 10 menunjukkan formula molekul dan haba pembakaran bagi propanol
dan butanol.
Alcohol
Molecular Formula
Heat of combustion/ kJ mol-1
Alkohol
Formula molekul
Haba pembakaran
Propanol
C3H7OH
-2100
Butanol
C4H9OH
-2877
Table 10
Jadual 10
Based on the information in Table 10,

Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Jadual 10,
(i)
Write the equation for the complete combustion of either one of the
alcohol.
Tulis persamaan bagi tindak balas pembakaran lengkap bagi salah satu
alkohol
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(iii)
Compare the heat of combustion between propanol and butanol.

Bandingkan haba pembakaran di antara propanol dan butanol.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c)
Describe a laboratory experiment to determine the heat of combustion of a

named alcohol.
Your answer should include:
a labeled diagram
procedure
Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal untuk menentukan haba pembakaran bagi
satu alkohol yang dinamakan.
Huraian anda perlu disertakan dengan:
gambar rajah berlabel.
prosedur
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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For
Examiners
Use
4541/2

1.
This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, B and C.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, B dan C.
2.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the
spaces provided in the question paper.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam
ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.
3.
Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write
your answers for Section B and C on the lined pages at the end of the question
paper. Answer questions in Section B and C in detail. You may use equations,
diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer.
Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C.
Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan C pada halaman bergaris di bahagian akhir
kertas soalan ini. Jawab Bahagian B dan C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh
menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk
menjelaskan jawapan anda.
4.
Show your working, it may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5.
If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer.
Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.
6.
The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
7.
Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam
kurungan.
8.
The time suggested to complete Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes

and Section C is 30 minutes
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah
30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit.
9.
You may use a non programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.
10.
Hand in all your answer sheets at the end of the examination.

Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.
36
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CONFIDENTIAL
Name : .....
Class : ..
CONFIDENTIAL
4541/3
Chemistry
Paper 3
September
2010
1 hours
SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
TRIAL EXAMINATION
2010
CHEMISTRY
Paper 3
One hour and thirty minutes
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION BOOKLET UNTIL BEING TOLD TO DO SO
1.
2.
3.
Write down your name and class in

the space provided
Tuliskan nama dan kelas anda
pada ruang yang disediakan.
The question booklet is bilingual.
Buku soalan ini adalah dalam
dwibahasa.
Candidates are required to answer
all questions.
Calon
dikehendaki
menjawab
semua soalan
For Examiners Use

Question
Full
Mark
33
17
Total
50
Mark
This question booklet contains 12 printed pages including the front page.
[See Next Page
CONFIDENTIAL
4541/3
An experiment was carried out to construct an ionic equation for the

precipitation of silver chloride according to the following steps:
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk membina persamaan ion bagi pemendakan argentum
klorida mengikut langkah berikut:
Step I
: 5.00 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium chloride solution was poured into 7
test tubes labelled P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V.
Langkah I
: 5.00 cm3 larutan kalium klorida 1.0 mol dm-3 dimasukkan ke dalam 7 tabung uji
berlabel P, Q, R, S, T, U dan V.
Step II
: 1.00 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution was added to test tube P
from a burette.
Langkah II : 1.00 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat 1.0 mol dm-3 ditambah ke dalam tabung uji P
menggunakan buret.
Step III
: Step II was repeated for test tubes Q, R, S, T, U, and V using

different volumes of silver nitrate solution. Diagram 1 shows the
initial and final burette readings.
Langkah III : Langkah II diulangi bagi tabung uji Q, R, S, T, U dan V menggunakan isipadu
larutan argentum nitrat yang berlainan. Rajah 1 menunjukkan bacaan awal dan
akhir buret.
Step IV
: All the test tubes were put in the rack to allow silver chloride
precipitate to settle.
Height of precipitate formed is recorded in Table 1.
Langkah IV : Semua tabung uji diletakkan di atas rak supaya argentum klorida termendak.
Ketinggian mendakan dicatat dalam Jadual 1.
Test tubes
Tabung uji
................ cm3
................ cm3
................ cm3
................ cm3
................ cm3
................ cm3
Initial
reading
Bacaan awal
Final
reading
Bacaan
akhir
................ cm3
................ cm3
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
4541/3 Copyright Reserve MARA
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CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
4541/3
Test tube
1.00
2.00
1.0
2.0
Tabung uji
Volume of silver nitrate/ cm

Isipadu argentum nitrat / cm3
Height of precipitate/ cm
Ketinggian mendakan / cm
For
Examiners
Use
6.00
3.0
4.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
Table 1
Jadual 1
(a)
Record the burette readings in the spaces provided in Diagram 1.
1(a)
Rekodkan bacaan buret pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 1.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b)
Complete Table 1.
1(b)
Lengkapkan Jadual 1.
[3marks]
[3 markah]
(c)
(i)
State the variables involved in this experiment.

Nyatakan pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.
Manipulated variable
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan:
...
Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerak balas:
...
Constant variable
1(c)(i)
Pembolehubah dimalarkan:
...
[3marks]
[3markah]
(ii)
State the hypothesis for the experiment.

Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini.
...
...
...
[3marks]
[3 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
1(c)(ii)
CONFIDENTIAL
(d)
4541/3
Based on Table 1, plot a graph of height of precipitate against volume of

silver nitrate solution on the graph paper provided on page 5.
Berdasarkan Jadual 1, plotkan graf ketinggian mendakan melawan isipadu larutan
argentum nitrat yang digunakan pada kertas graf di muka surat 5.
For
Examiners
Use
1(d)
[3marks]
[3 markah]
(e)
State what is observed regarding the height of the precipitate.

Nyatakan apa yang diperhatikan tentang ketinggian mendakan.
...
...
1(e)
...
[3marks]
[3 markah]
(f)
(i)
On the graph in (d), mark and write the minimum volume of silver
nitrate solution needed for complete reaction with 5.00 cm3 of
1.0 mol dm-3 potassium chloride solution.
1(f)(i)
Pada graf di (d), tanda dan tuliskan isipadu larutan argentum nitrat yang
diperlukan untuk bertindak balas lengkap dengan 5.00 cm3 larutan kalium klorida
1.0 mol dm-3
[3marks]
[3 markah]
(ii)
Using the volume obtained in (f)(i), calculate the number of moles

of silver ions and chloride ions used.
Then calculate the number of moles of chloride ions that will react
with 1.0 mole of silver ions.
Menggunakan isipadu di (f)(i), hitung bilangan mol ion argentum dan ion klorida
yang digunakan.
Kemudian, hitungkan bilangan mol ion klorida yang akan bertindak balas
dengan 1.0 mol ion argentum.
[3marks]
[3 markah]
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CONFIDENTIAL
1(f)(ii)
CONFIDENTIAL
4541/3
Graph of height of the precipitate against volume of silver nitrate

Graf ketinggian mendakan melawan isipadu larutan
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CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
4541/3
(iii)
For
Examiners
Use
Write the ionic equation for the precipitation of silver chloride.

Tuliskan persamaan ion untuk pemendakan argentum klorida.
1(f)(iii)
...
[3marks]
[3 markah]
(g)
Give the operational definition for double decomposition reaction.

Berikan definisi secara operasi bagi tindak balas penguraian gandadua.
1(g)
...
...
[3marks]
[3 markah]
(h)
Classify the ions found in silver nitrate solution and potassium chloride
solution into anions and cations.
Kelaskan ion-ion yang terdapat dalam larutan argentum nitrat dan kalium klorida kepada
anion dan kation.
1(h)
[3marks]
[3 markah]
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4541/3
Diagram 2 shows a galvanised zinc roof which is made from iron coated by zinc
layer and a food can made from iron coated by tin layer. Both galvanised zinc roof
and food can are not easily corroded.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan atap zink galvani diperbuat daripada besi yang disadurkan dengan lapisan
zink dan tin makanan yang disadurkan dengan lapisan timah. Kedua-dua atap zink galvani dan tin
makanan tidak mudah berkarat.
Galvanised zinc roof
Food can
Atap zink galvani
Tin makanan
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Referring to the above example, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the

effect of other metals on the rusting of iron.
You are given iron nails, magnesium ribbon, zinc strip, copper strip and tin strip.
Merujuk kepada contoh di atas, rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji kesan
logam lain terhadap pengaratan besi.
Anda dibekalkan dengan paku besi, pita magnesium, kerajang zink, kerajang kuprum dan kerajang
stanum.
Your planning should include the following:

Perancangan anda haruslah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut :
(a)
Statement of problem
Pernyataan masalah
(b)
All the variables

Semua pembolehubah
(c)
Statement of hypothesis
Pernyataan hipotesis
(d)
List of substances and apparatus

Senarai bahan dan alat radas
(e)
Procedure of the experiment

Prosedur eksperimen
(f)
Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[17 marks]
[17 markah]
END OF QUESTION PAPER
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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CONFIDENTIAL
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4541/3
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4541/3
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Examiners
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4541/3
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CONFIDENTIAL
4541/3

1.
This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all questions.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua soalan. Jawab semua soalan
2.
Write your answers for Question 1 in the spaces provided in the question paper.
Tuliskan jawapan bagi Soalan 1 dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan
3.
Write your answers for Question 2 on the lined pages at the end of the question
paper in detail.
Tuliskan jawapan bagi Soalan 2 pada halaman bergaris di bahagian akhir kertas soalan ini
dengan terperinci.
4.
Show your working, it may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan cara mengira kerana ia boleh membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5.
If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer.
Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.
6.
The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang terdapat dalam soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan sebaliknya.
7.
Marks allocated for each question or part of the question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
8.
The time suggested to complete Question 1 is 45 minutes and Question 2 is 45

minutes.
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Soalan 1 ialah 45 minit dan Soalan 2 ialah 45 minit.
9.
You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak diprogramkan.
10.
Hand in all your answer sheets at the end of the examination.

Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.
12
[See Next Page

CONFIDENTIAL

MARA JUNIOR SCIENCE COLLEGE
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
MARKING SCHEME
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2010

KIMIA
SKEMA JAWAPAN
KERTAS 1
No
Answer
No
Answer
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
11
36
12
37
13
38
14
39
15
40
16
41
17
42
18
43
19
44
20
45
21
46
22
47
23
48
24
49
25
50
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2

MARA JUNIOR SCIENCE COLLEGE
CHEMISTRY
Paper 2
MARKING SCHEME
The marking scheme consists of 13 printed pages
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
MARKING GUIDELINES
PAPER 2
Symbol
Meaning
//
()
[]
##
___ or bold
a.d.p
WCR
a.
r.
e.c.f
/
replace the whole sentence

replace the previous word
can be summarized from explanation
if given it must be correct, not panelized
if not given is
key word
avoid double penalty
wrong cancel right
accept
reject
error carry forward
or
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
NO
(a)
EXPLANATION
MARK
(i) Haber /Haber Bosch
(ii) Nitrogen
r: formula
MARKS
(iii) 3H2 + N2 2NH3
(i) preservative
(b)
(c)
2
(ii) vitamin E/tocopherol
(i) sodium stearate
(ii) saponification
(iii) soap ion react with Ca2+ / Mg2+ ion
1
1
to produce an insoluble salt / solid / scum

TOTAL
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
NO
(a)
EXPLANATION
MARK
(i) P and R
(ii) Both atoms have same number of protons but different

number of neutrons // Both atoms have same proton
number but different nucleon number
MARKS
(iii)
1
(i) X
(ii) hydrogen gas
(iii) Colourless solution turns pink

The reaction produces alkaline solution
a: presence of OH(b)
(iv)
2 Na
+
2
2 H2O

2
2NaOH
1
1
+
2
H2
(v) density of Group 1 metals are lower than the density

of water // less dense than water
TOTAL
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
NO
EXPLANATION
A compound/substance that can conduct electricity in

(a) molten state or aqueous solution and undergoes chemical
changes
MARK
MARKS
(i) lead
(b)
2-
(ii) 2 O
(c)
O2 + 4e
(i) Ag+ , H+ , NO3- , OH- (a: name of ions)
(ii) grey solid/ deposit
(iii) Silver is produced// Ag+ is discharged
Because silver ion is lower than hydrogen ion in the

Electrochemical Series
(d)
(iv) Insert a glowing wooden splinter into the test tube

Glowing splinter will rekindles / relights / reignites
1
1
Extraction of reactive metal / electroplating / purification

of metal
TOTAL
1
10
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
NO
4541/2
EXPLANATION
(i) Acid (substance) which ionises partially// has lower degree
MARK
MARKS
of dissociation in water to produce low concentration of

H+ ion
(a)
3
(ii) The concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid is
higher
The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, the

lower the pH value
(i) HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
(ii) No of mole of NaOH =
0.1 (25)
1000
= 0.0025 mol
(b)
4
1 mol of NaOH react completely with 1 mol of HCl
0.0025 mol of NaOH react completely with 0.0025 mol HCl
Molarity of HCl = 0.0025 x 1000
12.5
= 0.2 mol dm
(c)
-3
(i) N : Zinc chloride

S : Sodium carbonate
r: formula
1
1
(ii) double decomposition/ precipitation
TOTAL
10
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
NO
(a)
4541/2
EXPLANATION
(i) 2Li + Cl2 2LiCl
(ii) 0 to -1
(iii) lithium atom loses // donates electron // is electron

donor
(i) purple
(b) (ii) Br2 + 2I- 2Br - + I2
MARK
(iii) oxidizing agent
(i) zinc
(ii) J, H , T(zinc), magnesium

ecf: c(i)
(c)
MARKS
5
(iii) 1. Reaction occur between H2 and oxide J, so, H is
more reactive than J
2. No reaction occur between H2 and oxide T and
between H2 and magnesium oxide
so, H2 is less reactive than Mg and T
3. Magnesium is more reactive than zinc
TOTAL
1
1
11
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
NO
(a)
EXPLANATION
CnH2n+1COOH, n= 0,1,2, .
(b) Methyl propanoate
MARK
MARKS
(c)
Properties
Odour
Solubility
(i)
Compound K
pungent smell
soluble in water //
soluble in organic
solvent
Compound L
sweet/fruity smell
not soluble in water //
soluble in organic
solvent
Add methanol to compound K (propanoic acid) in a

boiling tube
Add a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid
Heat gently / warm the mixture
1
2
1
1
1
1
(ii) C2H5COOH + CH3OH C2H5COOCH3 + H2O
(a: structural formula)

Correct formulae of reactants and products
(d)
2
1+1
(iii)
1+ 1
TOTAL
11
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
NO
4541/2
EXPLANATION
MARK
1. Rate of reaction at t1 is higher than t2

2. because gradient at t1 is greater than t2
(a)
3. The concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases with
time
1
1
No of mole of gas = 480 / 24000 = 0.02 mol
From equation,
1 mol of CO2 is produced from 1 mol of CaCO3
0.02 mol of CO2 is produced from 0.02 mol of CaCO3
Mass of CaCO3 = 0.02 [40 + 12 + (16)(3)] g mol-1

= 2.0 g
Axis label & unit

All points transferred correctly
Curve smooth curve, correct shape
Consistent scale
Label curve for both experiment
1
1
1
1
1
(b)
MARKS
(i)
(c)
(ii) Correct gradient drawn at t=90s

Calculation, answer and unit (0.11 0.03) cm3s-1
1
1
(i) S2O32- + 2H+ S + SO2 + H2O

Correct formulae
Balance
1
1
(ii) 1. The rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher

than Experiment I
2. Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution in
(d)
Experiment II is higher
3. Kinetic energy of particles in Experiment II is
higher,
4. frequency of collision between thiosulphate ions
and hydrogen ions higher in Experiment II,
[a: ions if the name of the ions is given in point 3]
5. frequency of effective collision higher.
1
7
1
1
1
1
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
TOTAL
EXPLANATION
NO
MARK
1. correct elements [ie: carbon and hydrogen]

2. The simplest ratio of mole/atom of carbon to hydrogen
is 2:5
(a) 3. The molecular formula shows the actual number of
carbon and hydrogen atoms in a molecule
4. 1 molecule of butane contains 4 carbon atoms and 10
hydrogen atoms.
(i) % of oxygen
=
6(16) X 100
64 + 14(2) + 16(6)
Correct RMM shown
Calculation
and answer
8
(b) (ii) Number of mole of CuO =
1.
2.
(c)
3.
4.
20
MARKS
1
1
4
1
1
= 51.06 %
3.2
64 + 16
1
1
1
= 0.04 mol
1
2 mol of CuO is released with 1 mol of O2

0.04 mol of CuO is released with 0.02 mol of O2
Volume of O2 evolved = 0.02 (24) dm3 mol-1

= 0.48 dm3
Magnesium is a reactive metal

Magnesium can combine / react [readily] with oxygen
to form magnesium oxide
Copper is less reactive than hydrogen // copper
situated lower than hydrogen in Reactivity Series
Hydrogen can reduce copper(II) oxide to copper.
1
1
1
1
10
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
role
(d)
Reaction I
Reducing agent1
The oxidation number
of iron increases from
+2 to +3// Fe2+ loss
electron to form Fe3+1
Fe2+ undergoes
oxidation1
Reaction II
Oxidizing agent1
oxidation number of
iron decreases from +2
to 0 // Fe2+ gain
electron to form Fe
atom1
Fe2+ undergoes
reduction1
1+1
6
1+1
1+1
TOTAL
NO
EXPLANATION
20
MARK
MARKS
2Na + Cl2 2NaCl

1
Number of mole of Na = 2.3
23
(a)
= 0.1 mol
1
4
2 mol of Na produce 2 mol of NaCl

0.1 mol of Na produce 0.1 mol of NaCl
1
Mass of NaCl = 0.1[23 + 35.5] = 5.85 g
1
(i) 2 Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 or 2 Fe + 3Br2 2FeBr3
1. Correct formulae of reactants and products
2. Balanced equation
(b) (ii) 1. The reactivity of reaction I is higher than reaction II.
2. The atomic size of chlorine is smaller than bromine

3. The forces of attraction of the nucleus toward the
electrons is stronger in chlorine atom than in bromine
atom
4. It is easier for chlorine atom to attract electron
1. Electron arrangement of atom Li: 2.1, Cl: 2.8.7, C: 2.4
(c)
Formation of compound between Li and Cl

2. To achieve stable electron arrangement
3. Lithium atom need to lose / donate 1 valence electron to
form lithium ion // Li Li+ + e while
4. Chlorine atom need to gain 1 electron to form chloride ion
// Cl2 + 2e 2Cl5. Li+ ion attracted to Cl- ion by electrostatic force to form
ionic bond
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
10
1
1
1
11
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
6.
4541/2
Diagram - correct number of electrons and shells
- shows Li+ ion and Cl- ion
Formation of compound between C and Cl

7. Carbon atom share valence electron with chlorine atom
8. Each C atom contributes 4 electrons and each Cl atom
contributes 1 electron // each C atom share electron with 4
Cl atom
9. To form #4 single# covalent bond
10. diagram - correct number of electrons and shells
- shows sharing electron
1
1
1
TOTAL
NO
EXPLANATION
Mol of hydrochloric acid = 1 x 50
1000
= 0.05 mol
2 mol HCl react to produce 50.4 kJ

0. 05 mol of HCl react to produce = 0. 05 x 50.4
2
(a)
20
MARK
1
1
4
= 1.26 kJ
10
=H
mc
= 1.26 x 1000
(50)(4.2)
= 6 0C
MARKS
1
(i) C3H7OH + 9/2O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

or
(b)
C4H9OH + 6 O2 4CO2 + 5H2O
1. Correct formulae of reactants and products
2. Balanced equation
1
1
12
Chemistry
Paper 2
2010
4541/2
(ii) 1. Heat of combustion of butanol is higher than

propanol.
2. The number of carbon atom per molecule butanol
is bigger than propanol
3. Butanol produce more carbon dioxide and water
molecules than propanol // more bonds are
formed // energy content is higher in butanol.
4. Released more heat energy
1
1
4
1
1
Diagram:
Arrangement of apparatus is functional
- can with water, thermometer, spirit lamp with alcohol
- no wire gauze, thermometer not touching surface, flame
touching can
- Labeled water, alcohol, [metal] can
1
1
1
(c)
Procedure:
1. (100-250 cm3) of water is measured and poured into a
copper can and the copper can is placed on a tripod stand.
2. The initial temperature of the water is measured and
recorded.
3. A spirit lamp with ethanol is weighed and its mass is
recorded.
4. The lamp is then placed under the copper can and the wick
of the lamp is lighted up immediately.
5. The water in the can is stirred continuously until the
temperature of the water increases by about 20- 50 oC.
6. The flame is put off and the highest temperature reached
by the water is recorded.
7.
The lamp and its content are weighed and the mass is
recorded.
TOTAL
1
1
10
1
1
1
1
1
20
HAPPY MARKING
13
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3

SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION
2010
CHEMISTRY
PAPER 3
MARKING SCHEME
The marking scheme consists of 12 printed pages
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
MARKING GUIDELINES
PAPER 3
Symbol
Meaning
//
()
[]
##
___ or bold
a.d.p
WCR
a.
r.
e.c.f
/
replace the whole sentence

replace the previous word
can be summarized from explanation
if given it must be correct, not panelized
if not given is
key word
avoid double penalty
wrong cancel right
accept
reject
error carry forward
or
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
KK0503 Measuring and using number
1(a)
SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to record the burette readings in all the four experiment correctly to
two decimal places.
Suggested answers:
Test tubes
R
S
T
V
Initial
5.00
9.50
15.30
40.60
Final
8.00
13.50
20.30
47.60
Able to record the burette readings in all experiments correctly to one

decimal places // Able to record the burette readings in 3 experiments
correctly to two decimal places
Able to record the burette readings in two experiment correctly.
No response given OR wrong response
KK0506 Communicating
1(b)
SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to complete Table 1 with 4 readings correctly in 2 decimal places.
Suggested answer:
Test tubes
R
S
T
V
Reading
3.00
4.00
5.00
7.00
Able to complete Table 1 correctly containing any 4 readings correctly in 1

decimal places // 3 readings correctly in 2 decimal places.// ecf from 1(a)
Able to complete Table 1 containing at least 2 correct readings
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
1 (c)
(i)
SCORE
4541/3
KK0510 Controlling variables

EXPLANATION
Able to state all THREE correctly
Suggested answer:
manipulate variable:
volume of silver nitrate solution
responding variable:
height of precipitate
constant variable
volume and concentration of potassium

chloride // concentration of silver nitrate //
size of test tubes
Able to state any TWO correctly
Able to state ONE correctly
1 (c) (ii)
SCORE
Hypothesizing
EXPLANATION
Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and
the responding variable with direction. * MV RV
-
Manipulated variable
volume of silver nitrate solution
Responding variable
height of precipitate
Direction of the responding variable

increases and then becomes constant
Suggested answer:
When volume of silver nitrate solution added increases ,
the height of precipitate increases and then becomes constant
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable(MV) and
responding variable (RV)* // * RV MV
2
Suggested answer:
The height of precipitate increases and then becomes constant when volume
of silver nitrate solution added increases // When volume of silver nitrate
solution added increases ,the height of precipitate increases
Able to give idea regarding hypothesis.
Suggested answer:
The height of precipitate increases
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
1 (d)
KK0506
4541/3
Communicating
EXPLANATION
SCORE
Able to plot graph correctly with all criteria

* X-axis: labeled volume/V of silver nitrate with unit cm3.
Y-axis: labeled height of precipitate with unit cm.
* Consistent scale with size greater than a page
* All 7 points transferred correctly
* shape of graph
Able to plot graph correctly with at least

* X-axis: labeled volume/V of silver nitrate
Y-axis: labeled height of precipitate
* Consistent scale
* at least 5 points transferred correctly
* shape of graph
Able to plot graph correctly with at least

* X-axis: labeled volume/V of silver nitrate
Y-axis: labeled height of precipitate
* correct shape of graph
1 (e) KK0501
Observing
SCORE EXPLANATION
Able to state correct observations with 3 criteria
3
Suggested answer
-Height of precipitate increases
-from test tubes P T
-then becomes constant
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
1(f)(i) KK0505
SCORE
4541/3
Predicting
EXPLANATION
Able to predict by referring to graph with 2 criteria
- extrapolate
- minimum volume
Suggested answer
Able to predict by referring to graph with either 1 criteria
Able to predict without referring to graph
1 (f)(ii) KK0508 Interpreting data

SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to calculate
i. both moles of Ag+ and Cl- ions and
ii. moles of Cl- ions required
Suggested answer
= 0.005
mol Ag+ =
3
mol Cl- =
= 0.005
1 mol Ag + requires
0.005
= 1 mol Cl-
Able to calculate
i. either moles of Ag+ and Cl- ions
and
ii. moles of Cl- ions required
Able to calculate
both moles of Ag+ and Cl- ions // moles of Cl- ions required
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
1(f) (iii) KK0508 Interpreting data
SCORE
4541/3
EXPLANATION
Able to write an ionic equation for the precipitation of silver chloride.

Suggested answer
Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
Able to write a chemical equation for the precipitation of silver chloride.

AgNO3 + KCl AgCl + KNO3
Able to give an idea of an equation with both reactants and products

eg: wrong charge of ions// wrong ratio
1 (g) KK0509 Defining operationally

SCORE
Explanation
Able to state the correct operational definition for double decomposition

reaction.
Suggested answer:
1. potassium chloride solution reacts with silver nitrate solution
2. to form solid silver chloride/ silver chloride precipitate
Able to state the meaning of double decomposition, incompletely

Suggested answer
potassium chloride reacts with silver nitrate
to form silver chloride
Able to state an idea of double decomposition

Suggested answer
Two solutions react to form solid
No response or wrong response
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
1(h) KK0502- Classifying

SCORE
Explanation
Able to classify all the ions correctly into cations and anions
Suggested answer
Cations
Anions
Ag+, K+, H+
Cl-, NO3-, OHOR cations : Ag+, K+, H+
Anions : Cl-, NO3-, OH-
Able to classify all the ions correctly

Cl-, NO3-, OHAg+, K+, H+
Able to give an idea.

Anions
cations
+
+
+
Ag , K , H
Cl , NO3-, OH-
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
2 (a) KK051201 Statement of Problem

EXPLANATION
SCORE
3
Able to make a suitable statement of problem

Suggested answer :
Does a more electropositive metal than iron inhibit rusting? // Does a less
electropositive metal than iron promotes rusting?
Able to make a statement of problem that is less accurately

Suggested answer
Does a more reactive metal than iron inhibit rusting? // Does a less reactive
metal than iron promotes rusting?
Able to state idea about statement of problem

Suggested Answer
How/does other metal affects rusting of iron?
2 (b) KK051202 Stating variables

SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to state all the three variables correctly

Suggested answer
Manipulated variable : Different metals in contact/paired with iron
Responding variable : Presence of blue colouration // rusting of iron
Controlled variable : water and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
Able to state any two of the variables correctly
Able to state one variable correctly
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
2 (c) KK051203 Stating Hypothesis

SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and
the responding variable with direction. * MV RV
- Manipulated variable
less/more electropositive metals//different type of metals// pairs of
metal
- Responding variable
rusting //blue coloration
- Direction of the responding variable
promotes/inhibits
Suggested answer:
A more electropositive metal than iron will inhibit rusting // A less
electropositive metal than iron will promote rusting
Or
Presence of a more electropositive metal than iron, no blue colouration
form // Presence of a less electropositive metal than iron, blue
colouration is form
1
0
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable(MV) and

responding variable (RV)*
* RV MV
Able to give idea regarding hypothesis
Suggested answer:
Other metal affect rusting of iron
10
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
2 (d) KK051205 List of substances and apparatus

SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to state all substances and apparatus.

Suggested Answer:
Materials:
iron nails, magnesium ribbon, zinc strip, copper strip and tin
strip, water (a: sodium/potassium salts solution , r: acid),
potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), sand paper
Apparatus:
test tubes
Able to state main substances and minimum all apparatus.

Suggested Answer
Materials:
must have iron nails,
[any magnesium ribbon, zinc strip, copper strip or tin strip]
water (a: sodium/potassium salts solution , r: acid) and
potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)(a: sodium hydroxide solution)
Apparatus: test tubes
Able to state any one substance and the main apparatus in the experiment.
Suggested Answer
Materials:
nail, any metal, any electrolyte
Apparatus : test tubes http://cikguadura.wordpress.com/
2 (e) KK051204 Technique/ Procedure

SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to state a complete experimental procedure.

Suggested Answer
1. Clean all 5 iron nails and the metal strips with sand paper
2. Coil 4 of the iron nails tightly with different metals
3. Place all the iron nails in separate test tube
4. Fill all the test tubes with water and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
5. Leave for 1-2 days and record the presence of blue colouration
Able to state the minimum procedure for functional experiment

Suggested Answer
Step 2, 4, 5
Able to show an idea to state experimental procedure

Suggested Answer
Step 2,4
11
CONFIDENTIAL
SEPTEMBER 2010
4541/3
2 (f) KK051203 Tabulation of data

SCORE
EXPLANATION
Able to tabulate data accurately.

Table should include ALL three:
- heading for manipulated variable
- heading for responding variable
- 5 pairs of metal
2
Suggested Answer:
Pairs of metals
iron
iron / magnesium
iron/ zinc
iron / copper
iron/ tin
Presence of blue colouration
Able to tabulate data less accurately

Table should include at least two:
- heading for manipulated variable
- heading for responding variable
- 5 pairs of metal
Suggested Answer: http://cikguadura.wordpress.com/
1
Metals
Presence of blue colouration
iron
magnesium
zinc
copper
tin
0
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SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION 2010

One hour and fifteen minutes

DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION BOOKLET

This question booklet is bilingual

Candidates are advised to read INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES on page 28

This question booklet has 25 printed pages

[Lihat halaman sebelah

Which of the following scientists discovered proton?

Which of the following is the empirical formula of C6H12O6?

What is the factor that determines the chemical properties of an element?

The number of proton in an atom

The number of neutrons in the nucleus

The number of electrons in the outer most shell

The number of electrons in an atom

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA

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Elements Proton Number

During the formation of ionic bonds, the atoms of elements

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA

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Which of the following is an example of electrolyte?

Solid sodium chloride

Molten lead(II) bromide

What are the cations present in zinc sulphate solution?

Zn2+, H+, OH-, SO42-

Why ammonia solution is a weak alkali?

It has high pH value

It dissociates partially in water

It contains a lot of ammonium ions

It produces high concentration of hydroxide ions in the water

Which of the following chemical equations represents the formation of oleum in

SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7

H2S2O7 + H2O 2 H2SO4

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA

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Diagram 1 shows standard representation of chlorine isotopes.

Both isotopes have

different number of valence electrons

different chemical properties

same number of neutrons

same number of protons

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA

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Which of the following is/are weak acid?

What should be added to latex so that it stays in liquid form?

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA

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Diagram 2 shows the mixture of liquid Z and water in a test tube.

Which of the following is liquid Z?

Which of the following chemical reactions is a redox reaction?

4541/1 2010 Hak Cipta Majlis Amanah Rakyat, MARA

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Potassium chloride solution

The rate of rusting is the highest when X is

Bahan tambah detergen

To convert stains into colourless substances

Menukarkan kotoran kepada bahan tidak berwarna

To enable detergent to be poured easily

Memudahkan detergen dituang dengan mudah

To remove protein stains

Menanggalkan kotoran berprotein

To soften the water