ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my Chemistry teacher

______________ for giving me an opportunity to
make this project. While making this project I
learnt about Acids, Base & Salts, Neutralization
and the chemical equation to form different
substances. I also learnt about the different
Acids, Bases & Salts and their Uses. I would also
like to thank my parents for providing me with all
the necessary resources to make thi project. I
would also like to thank my elder brother who
helped me in compiling this project.

BIBLIOGRAPHY (WRITE AT THE END OF

THE PROJECT)

www.wikipedia.com
www.google.com
www.googleimages.com
www.chemistryworld.com

ACIDS

An acid is a chemical substance whose aqueous

solutions are characterized by a sour taste, the
ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to
react with bases and certain metals (like calcium)
to form salts. Chemicals or substances having
the property of an acid are said to be acidic.

BASE
They are the substances that, in aqueous solution,
are slippery to the touch, taste astringent,
change the color of indicators and react with
acids to form salts, promote certain chemical
reactions (base catalysis). Examples of bases are
the hydroxides of the alkali metals and alkaline
earth metals.

SALTS
In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that
results from the neutralization reaction of an acid
and a base. Salts are composed of related
numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and
anions (negative ions) so that the product is
electrically neutral.

NEUTRALIZATION
It is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a
base react quantitatively with each other. In a
reaction in water, neutralization results in there
being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions
present in solution. The pH of the neutralized
solution depends on the acid strength of the
reactants. Neutralization is used in many
applications.

CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
To form Hydrochloric acid
H2 + Cl2 gives 2HCl
To liberate Hydrogen gas
NaH + HCL gives NaCl + H2
To liberate Carbon-Dioxide gas
Na2CO3 +2HCL gives 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
To form Sodium Chloride
NaOH + HCl gives NaCl + H2O
To liberate Ammonia
NH4Cl + NaOH gives NaCl + NH3 + H2O

EXAMPLES AND USES OF

ACIDS
ACID
Hydrochloric
Acid
Acetic Acid
Boric Acid
Carbonic Acid
Oxalic Acid

USE
Pickling of Metals
Cooking
Eye-Wash
Flavouring drinks
Ink-Stain
Remover

BASES
BASE
Sodium Hydroxide

USE
Manufacture of
Soaps
Aluminum Hydroxide In fire extinguishers
Calcium Hydroxide
Softening of water
Magnesium
As an antacid
Hydroxide
Ammonium
Removal of Grease
Hydroxide
Stains
SALTS
SALT
Sodium Chloride

USE
Flavoring in meats and
foods

Ammonium
Dichlorate
Magnesium Sulfate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Calcium Chloride

Lithography and oil

purification
Bath water
Baking
Ice and Dust control on
roads