Quality Management System

Document

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Page: 1 of
Rev.: 1
5

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic Calculation

1
0
Rev
.

11 Jun
14
15 Mar
07
Date

Change of Format
Issued for implementation
Description

H.Hosseini

I.Zamani

A. Fallahi

Prepared by

Reviewed
by

A.Zamani
E.
Behbahani
Approved
by

Sections changed in the last revision are identified by

This document is the property of Tehran Raymand Consulting Engineers and should not be disclosed or reproduced without a
prior written permission.

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic
Calculation

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Rev.: 1

Page: 2 of
5

1. Preface
The present document is intended to outline the procedure for Hydraulic
Calculation for U/G firewater network in petroleum industries.
2. Applicable Documents
The following documents have to be obtained by the Project Lead
Engineer and referred to by the Engineer, prior to prepare the hydraulic
calculation:

Design Basis

Process flow diagram

Project references

Piping drawing.

3. Definitions
Project lead engineer is the lead engineer directly responsible for the
performance of activities of the project, set forth by the project manager
and/or head of the department.
Engineer is the engineer responsible to calculate under the direct
supervision of the project lead engineer.
4. Overview
For obtaining diameter of fire water network in suitable conditions, we
need to hydraulic calculation.
5. General Requirements
For hydraulic calculation, all documents, which are listed in item 2, shall
be available. The project lead engineer is responsible to obtain and
ensure that the latest (revision/edition) of mentioned documents are used
by the engineer for calculation, the project lead engineer is responsible

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic
Calculation

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Rev.: 1

Page: 3 of
5

to check with manager and/or head of department then it will be issued

to relevant department.
In case of any change in this document, it has to be revised and reissued
to relevant department.
6. Procedure
6.1. General

The aims of this hydraulic calculation is to envisage the fire situation to

ensure that pressure and flow rate thereof are available to give optimum
performance of firefighting operating. This calculation is used to find the
required diameters of main ring in the network and the pressure at
outlet in accordance with given tie-in pressure.
6.2. Codes and Standard

The hydraulic calculation has been conducted generally in accordance

with the lastest edition of codes and standards published by the national
fire protection association (NFPA) and Hazen Williamss equation.

6.3. Basic Data

We need to pipe data (size, pipe material, wall thick and c-factor) and the
program for flow analysis in pipe network that is pipenet version PC/AT
3.02 programmed by sunrise system LTD (U.K.)
6.4. Assumptions

Usually it is assumed that fire case occurs in one area (worst case) but in
very large sites, it is possible to select for two areas.
At the first, for all of area water demand will be calculated (referred to
) and then maximum water will be worst case.
At maximum flow, the water velocity for fire water ring usually shall not
exceed 3 m/s.

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic
Calculation

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Rev.: 1

Page: 4 of
5

6.5. Node diagram supplement

In general network consist of a number of components (pipe, pump,

hydrants, ) that all connected together. The points at which the
components be jointed to other component are referred to as nodes.
For using of pipenet, we should to specify node and label it and draw
node diagram.
The production of a fully labeled diagram is an essential part of any
simulation.
Therefore, everywhere in network from tie-in to consumer device should
be labeled.
Labels may be tagged or untagged. Untagged labels are a number simply
in the range
0-32767 and tagged labels consists of a tag (up to 8 characters) followed
by a slash (/) and a number in the range (0-999) usually tagged labels use
for labeling of pipes and untagged labels use for labeling of nodes. After
that labeling, information on pressures and or flow rates at the number
of nodes in the network must be supply it the pressure (flow rate) at a
node is given this is known as a pressure/flow rate specification on the
node. In order to ensure that the network is solvable, the specifications
must obey certain rule the rules for design phase. Specifications say, we
must supply the flow rate at all but one of the input/output nodes. The
rule for calculation phase specification say that there must be as many
specifications as there are input/output nodes, and at least one them
must be a pressure specification.
Those are fully defined in the technical manual. Given the flow rates
required in and out of the network it will calculate the flow rate through
every pipe and will select suitable diameter for each pipe. Once all the
necessary network and specifications data has been setup, pipenet will
run the simulation in two phases.
Firstly it will find suitable sizes for pipes (design phase) and secondly, it
will find the flow rates and pressure at all points in the network under

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic
Calculation

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Rev.: 1

Page: 5 of
5

conditions of steady flow. (Calculation phase). The clauses 3.2 (page 6 of

pipenet user manual) introduce menus of pipenet.
There are 3 types of input file selectable from the file open dialog.

The pipenet problem or network data file.

Data this file is specific to a single simulation and contains most of the
details on how the simulation is to proceed like details of changes in
pump, which occur during the simulation, and details of the form and
content of the required output.

The private data file -. PDF

This file contains information on the pipe schedules being about used a
pipe schedule contains information the physical pipes to be used in the
network.

The pump library file -. PMP

This contains details of the performance characteristics of all the pumps

to be used in the simulation
6.6. Stage of Pipenet usage:

The stages for using of pipenet program are listed as following:

Private data file creation

Initialization

Network data entry

Specification data entry

Calculating and results

These are (5 stages) are outlined below completely

Starting the pipenet (spray/sprinkler module) it will be start by

double clicking on the module icon on the desktop and then we
should click on OK.

6.7. Creating and saving the private data file

We will create PDF by selecting a pipe type and saving it.

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic
Calculation

Rev.: 1

Page: 6 of
5

6.8. Initialization

First of all we must select menu option init/pipe type and it will open and
we will file pipe type dialog. You should select all of pipe and then set
velocity in specific valve if pipe schedule isnt in list box, you can enter
new pipe schedule in library/pipe schedule and for entering rules and
equation and fluid type to calculate. You can use init/set parameters.
6.8.1. Creating a pump library
If there is pump in network we will create pump/library. It will be
specified (coefficient know (A, B, C) for pumps.)
We will click on pump/fans on the menu bar and then select data
points/coefficient unknown and enter pressure & flow rate data and click
on apply to display pump curve, after that, this information must save in
a pump data file. (PMP File)
We now need to save the PDF file. This we do by selecting the menu
option File/Save and enter for the file that (. Dat) and select save that (.
PDF) file will save too.
6.8.2. Entering the pipe data
With the PDF saved we are in a position to enter pipe data.
You must select view and then pipes. And entry in according to node
diagram and press next to add specification for the other pipes.
6.8.3. Entering the pump data
You must choose pump/fans from the view menu and entry data, if you
have pump in network.
6.8.4. Entering specification data
Before sending the network to calculator, we need to specify conditions
of pressure and flowrate at various nodes. We must designate certain
nodes

as

input

and

output

nodes.

This

is

all

done

using

the

view/specification and entry in according with as rules which described

in 6.

Procedure for
Fire Water Hydraulic
Calculation

Doc. No.: PCD-SF191

Rev.: 1

Page: 7 of
5

6.9. Calculation
Having created and specified the network we are now in a position to
calculate its pressures/flow rate and diameters.
It is better to check before calculation with using calculate menu and
after that you select calc/calculation menu.
The calculator runs in the background and uses a temporary copy of
network information. Therefore it must be saved to a more permanent
file with selecting
file/save as and save (.Out) file. You can view report file in calc/output
browser menu.