interoperability between different vendor systems [28;29].

Single hop BFD is used to

monitor a connectivity cross a link and thus this is limited to peers sharing the
subnet. The BFD specification was further extended to support monitoring of paths
consisting several links. This extension is referred as bidirectional forwarding
detection (BFD) for multihop paths [30]. The BFD is configured between two peers.
Each peer is configured to send small hello messages to its peer. As far the node
receiv

of operation. The BFD process may operate in single hop or multi hop mode. Single
hop refers to the situation where the peer is within the same subnet and thus only
one layer 3 (L3) hop exists on the path. Multi hop mode refers cases where the peer
node is located in the other subnet and one or more routers are located in between
the peer nodes. The selection of the mode is controlled by node interoperability