Degrees of Quotation

Courtesy of Dr. Joe Bizup

Block Quotation

Usually used when quoting a long passage

you wish to examine in detail.

Quoting full sentences from source

Standing alone in your paper.
(IMHO, should rarely if ever appear,
because such quotations, dropped without
mediation into a writers text, tend to
disrupt the rhythm.)

Our model for academic freedom should

therefore be the migrant of traveler: for if, in
in the real world outside the academy, we
must needs be ourselves and only ourselves,
inside the academy we should be able to
discover and travel among other selves,
other identities, other varieties of the human
adventure.

QUOTING full sentences from source

with attribution.

Our model for academic freedom should

therefore be the migrant or traveler, writes
university professor and noted cultural
critic Edward Said: for if, in the real world
outside the academy, we must needs be
ourselves and only ourselves, inside the
academy we should be able to
discover and
travel among other selves, other identities,
and other varieties of the human adventure.

Quoting phrases/partial sentences from

source with attribution.

We should take the figure of the migrant or

traveler, as our model of freedom in the
academy, writes university professor and
noted cultural critic Edward Said. Outside
the university, people are confined to a
single identity. Inside, they should have
opportunities to travel among other selves,
other identities, other varieties of the human
adventure, (17).

QUOTING phrases/partial sentences

Without attribution.

We should take the figure of the migrant or

the traveler as our model of freedom in the
academy. Outside the university, people are
confined to a single identity. Inside, they
should have opportunities to travel among
other selves, other identities, other varieties
of the human adventure, (Said 17).

PARAPHRASING with attribution

We should take the idea of the university as

our model of freedom in the academy, writes

university professor and noted cultural critic

Edward said. Outside the university, people
are confined to a single identity. Inside, they
should have opportunities to explore other
identities and cultures (17).
PARAPHRASING without attribution.

We should take the idea of traveling as our

model of freedom in the academy. Outside
the university, people are confined to a
single identity. Inside, they should have
opportunities to explore other identities and
cultures.