Muscle Name

Origin
maxilla, mandible

Insertion
lips

Zygomaticus major and

minor

zygomatic bone

corner of mouth and upper

lip
CN VII: Facial

Buccinator

maxilla, mandible

orbicularis oris

vertebrae

ribs

thoracic nerves
Thoracic and
lumbar
spinal nerves

Orbicularis oris

head and neck

facial expression

Serratus posterior
superior

intermediate layer of
extrinsic back muscles:
vertebral column move the vertebral column

AXIAL

Serratus posterior
inferior

Compress cheeks

Depresses ribs for ventilation

spinal flexors

Quadratus lumborum

ilium

last rib, lumbar vert

cervical oblique

Scalenes (anterior,
middle, posterior)

cervical vert

ribs

External intercostals

rib (inferior border)

Internal intercostals

rib (superior border)

Diaphragm

thoracic rectus

Action
Compresses, purses lips
elevates corner of mouth and
draws it lateral/ elevates upper
lip

elevates ribs for ventilation*

C- Spinal Nerves

rib (superior border of rib

below)
rib (inferior border of rib
above)

intercostal nerves

sternum, ribs, lumbar spine

central tendon sheet

Phrenic

External oblique

ribs

ilium

Internal oblique

ilium

ribs, sternum

Rectus abdominis

pubis

sternum

Serratus anterior

ribs

thoracic oblique
oblique and
rectus

Innervation

Flexes the vertebral column

laterally
Elevate the ribs and also flex the
neck
elevate the ribs
depress the ribs
expands thoracic cavity to produce inhalation
rotates the vertebral column to opposite side
and compresses abdomen

abdominal oblique

abdominal rectus

muscles that position the

pectoral girdle

scapula

muscles that move the

arm

muscles of the
pectoral girdle
and upper limbs

anterior view

Occipital bone, T spine

pectoralis major

clavicle, sternum, ribs

Biceps brachii
Brachialis

scapula

flexors

action at elbow
muscles that move
forearm and hand (most O:
Humerus & I: forearm,
wrist. EXC: Triceps, biceps)

Trapezius
pectoralis minor
Deltoid

Brachioradialis

posterior view

extensors
flexors

action at wrist
extensors

ribs

scapula

humerus

Triceps brachii
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus

scapula, humerus

Extensor carpi radialis

longus and brevis

humerus

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Muscles that move the

hand and fingers

Hand

Extrinsic muscle

abductor pollicis
longus

ulna, radius

humerus

gluteal group

pelvis

Anterior Compartment
(extensor)

muscles the move the leg flexors of the knee

moves the thigh

APPEN

Thigh
Medial Compartment
Compartm
(adductor)
ents

adductor group

ulna
metacarpals
carpals
palmar aponeurosis

muscles that move the leg flexors of the knee

extend and AB-duct at the wrist

metacarpal

extension and AD-duction at the

wrist

metacarpal and trapezium

Anterior Compartment

pelvis

tibia

biceps femoris

pelvis, femur

fibula

Extensor digitorum
longus

tibia, fibula

Sartorius

Extensor hallucis longus

Lateral Compartment

tibia

extrinsic muscles
digital flexors
that move the toes

Leg
Compartm
ents

major flexor of the hip*

obturator

hip AD-duction

sciatic

knee flexion, hip extension

knee and hip flexion

toe extension, dosiflexion

Deep fibular

metatarsal
tarsal, metatarsal

everts the foot

foot dorsiflexion

metatarsal
fibula

Superficial fibular
tarsal, metatarsal

Fibularis longus

muscles that move the

foot and toes (extrinsic: O: extrinsic muscles
lower leg)
that move the foot plantar flexors

hip AB-duction

Lumbar Plexus
branches (L2-L3)
femoral

toes
fibula

Fibularis brevis

Lower Limb

hip extension

superior gluteal

semitendinosus

Fibularis tertius
Tibialis anterior

dosiflexors

thumb AB-duction
inferior gluteal

femur

Posterior Compartment (flexor) semimembranosus

extrinsic muscles
digital extensors
that move the toes

Gastrocnemius

Superficial

Plantaris
Soleus

Posterior
Tibialis posterior
Compartment Deep
(anterior ->
posterior: Tom,
Dick and Harry) Flexor digitorum longus

femur

tarsal

plantar flexion

fibula, tibia

fibula, tibia

*only muscle innervated by radial

nerve that doesn't extend

brachial plexus (C5elbow extension

T1)
flex and AB-duct the wrist
flex and AD-duct the wrist
wrist flexion

metacarpals

femur

gracilis

protracts shoulder, rotates

brachial plexus (C5scapula so glenoid cavity moves
T1)
superiorly
scapula elevation, adduction
CN 9, Accessory
scapular protraction
humerus AB-duction
flexion, AD-duction and medially
rotates the arm

elbow flexion

vertebrae

Psoas major

depress ribs, flex vertebral

column

radius

gluteus minimus
iliopsoas group

rotates the vertebral column to the same side

and compresses the abdomen

radius
ulna

gluteus maximus
muscles that move the
thigh (O: pelvis)

Intercostals

tarsals, metatarsals

Tibial Nerve

tibia
toes

toe flexion

converge and insert into medial

tibial tubercle to form "pes
anserine bursae" ("Say Grace
at Tea")
hamstrings

foot and toes (extrinsic: O:

lower leg)

Compartm
ents

extrinsic muscles
digital flexors
that move the toes
flexors of the knee
extensors of the
muscles that move the leg knee (3 vastus +
rectus femoris =
quads)

Posterior
Compartment Deep
(anterior ->
posterior: Tom,
Dick and Harry)

Tibial Nerve

toes
Flexor hallucis longus

toe flexion

fibula
knee flexion, rotation

Popliteus

vastus lateralis

femur

tibia

femoral

knee extension