Attachments
Deprivation
Privation
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Attachments
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Attachments
Conclusions
Rutter et als (2011) results suggest that with good subsequent emotional care
recovery from institutionalisation is possible. However the results also indicate
that recovery is only possible if adoption/subsequent emotional care are offered
at a sufficiently young age to reverse the effects of institutionalisation.
Evaluation
Research by Rutter and others has led to a better understanding
of the effects of institutionalisation and has led to some useful
practical applications.
Point
Explain
Elabora
te
This shows that the research has had a large impact on child care
practices
To avoid ethical issues, children were not assigned to adoption at any stage,
however this may mean that there are confounding variables that could have
had an impact. It is possible that children that appeared more sociable (e.g.
smiling more) were adopted sooner and as a result of their sociable disposition
they recovered faster and more effectively. Therefore it is not clear whether it is
age at adoption or the original sociability led to the differences in recovery.
The Bucharest Early Intervention Project
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Attachments
Procedure:
Assessed attachments in 95 children aged 12-31 months who had spent most of
their lives in institutional care (90%). These children were compared to control
group of 50 children who had never lived in an institution (fostered). Attachments
were measured using the Strange Situation and carers were interviewed about
unusual social behaviour (disinhibited attachment).
Results
Conclusion
What do the results indicate about the effects of institutionalisation?
That those that are instutionalised are more likely to have a disorganised and/ or
disinhibited attachment.
Evaluation
The Bucharest study avoided confounding variables by randomly assigning
children to either fostering or institutions. In methodological terms this is better
as it leads to higher internal validity.
As the data collection involved interviews with carers there may be some issues
with the reliability of the data. It is not clear whether the carers reports of the
childrens behaviours are an accurate reflection of the childrens general
behaviour or not.
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Attachments
Effects of Institutionalisation
Complete the table using the textbooks
Type of effect
Disinhibited
attachment
Evidence
Rutter (2006) states that disinhibited behaviour happens
due to children having multiple carers sometimes 50, this
makes it harder for infants to form secure attachments.
Mental retardation
Physical
underdevelopment
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Attachments
As well as the Czech Twins who were also deprived of
emotional care and was underdeveloped, however once
adopted they grew healthier.
Poor parenting