Ports and major economic engines but are also major sources of pollution
Nearly 10% of smog in SoCal comes from business generated by the ports of
Long Beach and LA (Traffic, oil refineries, LAX all add to the pollution)/
Ports of Long Beach and LA have undertaken major green initiatives:
o Since 2005, trucks and harbor vehicles have been replaced or
retrofitted
o Vessel emissions have been reduced via ship-to-shore electricity,
reduced speeds, and smokestack controls.
o Launched the ESI (Environmental Ship Index) initiative in 2012. This
leads to reduction in port dues if part of the ESI program
2. Packing
World Piracy
In the first quarter of 2012, 11 ships were hijacked with approx. 212 hostage
taken in international and territorial water.
However, piracy attacks have been down since then due to:
o Better defenses and presence of armed guards
o International co-ordination and co-operation among naval and other
forces.
o Bad weather
3. Payment Procedures
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o
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5. Insurance
6. Shipping Documents
7. Collection Documents
Export/Import Intermediaries
FF:
CHB
Foreign Buyer
Purpose of Customs