Organizacin de ABB
Cinco divisiones globales
Power
Products
Power
Systems
Discrete
Automation
and Motion
Low Voltage
Products
Process
Automation
Productos elctricos de
automatizacin, proteccin,
control e instrumentacin,
para la generacin de
energa y procesos
industriales
Productos y soluciones para
la transmisin y la
distribucin de la energa
Motores y variadores de
velocidad
Service
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 6
Ms de un milln de productos
entregados cada da
S 800
Capacidad de interrupcin: 3
a 50kA
Curvas de disparo: B, C, D, K,
Z, KM, UCB, UCK
Certificaciones de Normas
Internacionales (IEC, UL,
CCC, )
Interruptores selectivos,
regulables, etc
Accesorios: contactos de
sealizacin y auxiliares,
bobinas de apertura, y de
baja tensin, comando
motorizado, reconectador,
ATT GSM,
S 200 M
S 200 P
S 200
S 500
SH 200
S 280 UC
S 200 U
S 290
S 200 UP
SN201
La seguridad de la propiedad
(riesgo de incendio o explosin,
debido al excesivo incremento de
temperatura localizado)
La disponibilidad de la energa
elctrica (desconexin de parte
de la instalacin para aislar la
falla).
a 50 V el tiempo de tolerancia es de 5 s.
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 22
L3
L2
8
5
7
2
3
L1
1. Mecanismo de apertura
4. Boton de prueba
7. Transformador toroidal
L2
L3
2. Rele de apertura
3. Resistencia (circuito de prueba)
5. Circuito de prueba
6. Arrollamiento primario
8. Arrollamiento secundario
Rel electromagntico
Transformador
toroidal +
Arrollamiento
secundario
Circuito electrnico
1)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 46
Corriente de linea
2)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 47
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
IB
Corriente de linea IB
I
3)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 48
IB
4)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 49
RCBOs (DS9-DS200)
IEC 61009-1 : Residual current operated circuitbreakers with integral overcurrent protection for
household and similar uses (RCBOs)
RCD-Blocks (DDA200)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 51
IEC/EN 61008-1 : Residual current operated circuitbreakers without integral overcurrent protection for
household and similar uses (RCCBs)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 52
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 53
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 54
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 55
Esto significa que los RCDs tipo B tienen que cumplir con todas
las prescripciones de IEC 61008/9.
Los RCDs tipo B tiene que ser marcados con los simbolos
siguientes, que resaltan la capacidad del dispositivo para
detectar cada tipo de corriente de falla:
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 57
installation solution:
product solution:
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 58
Appliances
To
Computers
1 mA
2 mA
Printers
0,5 mA
1 mA
0,5 mA
0,75 mA
Fax machines
0,5 mA
1 mA
Photocopiers
0,5 mA
1,5 mA
Filters
around 1 mA
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 59
De acuerdo a IEC
62350(*), se recomienda que
la corriente de fuga a tierra
permanente no exceda 0,3
In de la corriente de
proteccin del RCD!
RCDs
con
resistencia
adicional a los disparos no
deseados (Selective type).
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 61
Onda de corriente
0,5s/100kHz (para probar la
capacidad del RCDs de resistir
las maniobras on/off).
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 62
Rel electromagntico
Transformador
toroidal +
Arrollamiento
secundario
Circuito electrnico
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 66
Clamp effect
obtained by means
of diodes zener.
Result: cutting of
the high peaks of
signal coming
from toroid
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 67
Istantaneous 30mA
Instantaneous 30 mA
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 69
Selective 300mA
Istantaneous 30mA
Instantaneous 30 mA
The selective 300mA trips at around 200mA with a tripping time of
180ms, which reduces with the increase of the In remaining
however higher than that of the 30ms instantaneous
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 70
Selective 300mA
AP-R 30mA
Istantaneos 30mA
Instantaneous 30 mA
The 30mA AP-R trips at around 25mA with a tripping time of
100..120ms which decreases with the increase of the In up to
20 ms remaining always however in the same tripping zone of a
30mA instantaneous.
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 71
Los RCDs tipo AP-R son aptos para todas las aplicaciones
donde se requiere asegurar seguridad y la continuidad de
servicio, previniendo al mismo tiempo los disparos no deseados.
Ejemplos tpicos de ambientes de aplicacin son los siguientes:
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 72
1.
2.
3.
4.
RCDs
Volvamos a los conceptos bsicos
Pregunta: Porque usamos RCDs?
Una respuesta muy comn es: para prevenir fallas a tierra!
Mal !
Recuerdo: la protection mediante RCDs no puede prevenir
fallas.
Ellos realizan una desconexin automtica, por lo tanto, ellos
bsicamente interrumpen un circuito.
RCDs
Selectividad
Porque selectividad?
Como se realiza?
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 75
RCDs
Selectividad
Una buena selectividad asegura:
SELECTIVIDAD
CONTINUIDAD DE SERVICIO
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 76
NO SELECTIVIDAD
FALLA
NO CONTINUIDAD DE SERVICIO
RCDs
Coordinacin
Porque coordinar los RCDs:
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 77
RCDs
Reglas para realizar selectividad con RCDs
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 78
DDA
F..
RCCBs
DS..
RCBOs
DDA..
Blocks
Fuga a tierra
Sobrecarga
(con MCBs)
Contacto
directo
Corto circuito
Sobrecarga
Fuga a tierra
Corto circuito
Contacto
directo
Fuga a tierra
Contacto
directo
F200 /FH200
DS9
DS200
FS201
DS201-DS202C
DS271
DDA200
F200 B type
DDA200 B type
DDA800
RD3
TR
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 97
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 98
More safety !
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 99
F 202
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 101
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 102
F3
Im = 1000 A
100
63
6000
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 103
Im = 1500 A
10000
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 104
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 105
F 3..
RCCB 2P or 4P H
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 106
1)
2)
3)
4P
1)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 107
2)
3)
AR unit
+
Advantages
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 108
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 109
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 110
Transient surge
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 111
Product Fundamentals:
8000V during 140s
230V 50 Hz
Lightning surge
TOV
Switching surge
Rms Voltage: 230V
Purpose of SPD
Enemy of SPD
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 112
Causes:
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 113
Product Fundamentals
Causes:
Inductive Coupling
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 114
Product Fundamentals
Causes:
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 115
Product Fundamentals
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 116
Product Fundamentals
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 117
Product Fundamentals
10/350s
90%
80%
60%
50%
40%
20%
10%
0%
0
T1
50
100
150
T2
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 118
200
time [s]
250
300
350
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 119
Product Fundamentals
Cumulative frequency
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Amplitude
of Lightning
Strokes
(kA)
Amplitude
of lightning strokes
(kA)
Cumulative frequency of lightning strokes positive and negative- versus their amplitude.
Product Fundamentals
Type 1 surge arrester (15 & 25kA): Surge arrester designed to divert surge current comparable
to that of a direct lightning strike: 10/350 wave - Class I test
=> Installed in the MDB : Industrial applications, Telecom BTS, ...
Type 2 surge arrester (15 up to 100kA): Surge arrester designed to divert surge current due to
switching operations : 8/20 wave - Class II test
=> Mainly installed in the SDB and/or for domestic/commercial applications
Iimp (impulse current): Maximum discharge current for Type 1 surge arresters
If : Follow current. Short circuit of the installation that can be cut by the SPD (Spark gap/Gas
tube technology used in Type 1 SPD)
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 121
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 122
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 123
Unprotected
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 124
SPD
Protected
installed
Product Fundamentals
SPD Operation:
Voltage switching
Spark Gaps
V
U Switching
Time (s)
Surge current flows through the
SPD
10/350s:
The first number corresponds to the time from
10% to 90% of its peak value (10s)
The second number corresponds to the time
taken for the wave to descend to 50% of its
peak value (350s).
Time (s)
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 125
Gas Tubes
Product Fundamentals
SPD Operation
Voltage limiting
U residual
MOVs
Time (s)
Surge current flows through the
varistor
Time (s)
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 126
8/20s:
Product Fundamentals
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 127
9%
1%
T2
Imax
T2
Imax
Example :
T1 25kA
T2 40kA
T2 15kA
MDB:
T1 surge arresters
(10/350s)
SMDB:
T2 surge arresters
(8/20s)
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 129
In parallel,
connexion to the
installation
From MCCB
direct connexion
to the SPD and
the ground
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 130
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 131
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 132
Una pequea
chispa es
generada en la
cabeza de aguja
La pequea
chispa genera un
arco, y la energa
es dirigida a
tierra
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 133
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 134
Varistor Technology
Pluggable: P
Auxiliary contact: TS
Proteccin trmica
Varistor
Sealizacin
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 135
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 136
Type 2: S Option
Safety reserve
SPD
SPD
Disconnected
on Reserve
Operational
Replacement
Replace Mandatory
soon
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 137
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 138
Type 2: TS Option
Dry contact: 1 NO / 1 NC
Remote indication
STATUS
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 139
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 140
Pluggable
Serial connection
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 141
:2
: 36 mm
: Type 2
: MOV + MCB
: 334V
: 40kA
: 20kA
: 1.6/1.5kV
: Integrated
: S2C-H6 option
:5
: 105 mm
: Type 2
: MOV + MCB
: 334V
: 15 and 40kA
: 5 and 20kA
: 1.6 / 1.5kV
: Integrated
: S2C-H6 option
L
Equipment
N
G
O.5m max
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 142
Pole Width:
17.5mm modules
Mounting:
DIN rail Mounted
Pluggable:
Easy replacement :
P
ABB Group
June 4, 2013 | Slide 143
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 144
ABB Schweiz AG
Low Voltage Products
June 4, 2013 | Slide 145