Topic 7.

1 - Equilibrium
1.

C
[1]

2.

C
[1]

3.

C
[1]

4.

D
[1]

5.

B
[1]

6.

D
[1]

7.

B
[1]

[NH 3 ] 2
8.

[N 2 ][H 2 ]3

(i)

(Kc =)

(ii)

Increasing the pressure:

Yield increases / equilibrium moves to the right / more ammonia;
4 gas molecules 2 / decrease in volume / fewer gas molecules
on right hand side;

(iii)

(ignore units);

Increasing the temperature:

Yield decreases / equilibrium moves to the left / less ammonia;
Exothermic reaction / OWTTE;

Higher temperature increases rate;

Lower pressure is less expensive / lower cost of operating at low
pressure / reinforced pipes not needed;

Do not award a mark just for the word compromise.

(iv)

2.2 (dm );

1
Penalize incorrect units.

(v)

(vi)

Fertilizers / increasing crop yields;

Production of explosives for mining;

1 max

Fe/iron;
Allow magnetite/iron oxide.
Claim is not valid since catalysts do not alter the yield/position
of equilibrium / only increase the rate of reaction;

2
[11]

IB Questionbank Chemistry

9.

(i)

(Kc =) [SO3] /[O2] [SO2] ;

(ii)

yield (of SO3) decreases;

forward reaction is exothermic / reverse/backwards reaction is endothermic /
equilibrium shifts to absorb (some of) the heat;
Do not accept exothermic reaction or Le Chateliers Principle.
Do not allow ECF.

(iii)

no effect;

(iv)

no effect;
the rates of both the forward and reverse reactions increase equally;

2
[6]

10.

(i)

reactants and products in same phase/state;

rate of forward reaction = rate of reverse reaction;
concentrations of reactants and products remain constant /
macroscopic properties remain constant;
Do not accept concentrations are equal.

2 max

[HI 2 ]
(Kc) = [H 2 ][I 2 ] ;

no change to position of equilibrium;

no change to value of Kc;

(iv)

the reaction is exothermic/heat is given out/H is negative;

(v)

no effect (on the value of the equilibrium constant);

as it speeds up forward and reverse reaction / concentrations
of reactants and products do not change / position of equilibrium
does not change / no change in yield;

(ii)
(iii)

[8]

IB Questionbank Chemistry