TQM (TOTAL QUALITY

MANAGEMENT)
Quality refers to the parameter which decides the superiority or inferiority
of products.
So TQM is the structured approach taken by an organization to install or
build a permanent climate in which organization can continuously improve
the quality of product and services by reducing or eliminating rejection
and wastage.TQM improves the ability of the organization to provide a
high-quality product to the customers.
It describes the culture, attitude and goal of an organization.
TQM improves the ability of the organization to provide a high-quality
product to the customers which ensure long-term customer loyalty and
customer satisfaction. It can be applied to any type of organization. It was
originated from the manufacturing sector and adopted by every industry.
TQM also helps HR people to ensure that every single employee is working
towards organization goal or not.
TQM ensure that employees are up-to-speed with their training.

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Steps in TQM
Problem Identification is the most important phase in TQM. in this
phase employee have to come with their problems and queries which
need to be eliminated. In this employees collect relevant data and the
main cause of the problem.
Solution Development provides a logic solution of the problem by
analyzing problem root cause. Here employee comes up with many
solutions.
Solution Analysis compares the various solution to determine the
best solution this solution determine process is also based on some future
estimated results so that implemented solution does not create any
problem in future.
Solution Implementation or Acting phase makes employee
prepare final decision and implement an efficient solution to eliminate the
problem.

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Principles of TQM.
Produce quality work: It means that process used for
manufacturing or producing products or services should be improved or
quality is to be built into the process. This improvement can reduce
manufacturing defect and time. Continuous improvement should be
measured in order to ensure the efficiency of the process.
Focusing on Customer: Product or services should be designed
in such a way so that it can meet or exceeds the customer satisfaction.
Due to TQM, there is continuous improvement in the quality of product or
services which directly increases customer loyalty and customer
satisfaction.
Logic approach for improvement: We should know why we are
implementing or improving product or services, process or structure in a
logic way. We should know which part of the organization is to be
improved and why.
Continuous Improvement: Improvement should be kept ongoing
in an organization. After solving one problem or improving the quality of
product or services move to another.
Employee Motivation and Training: After completing work or
solving problem for one department employee should be motivated in a
positive way. During the implementation of TQM, we can easily determine
the performance of an employee and further we can decide he/she need
training or not.
Challenges faced during the implementation of TQM.
Lack of funds.
Decentralisation of production management.
Resistance to change by major stakeholder.
Understaffing.