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  • Microelectronic Circuits Sedra Smith 5th Edition - Solution Manual

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    Microelectronic Circuits Sedra Smith 5th Edition - Solution Manual

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    17K tayangan465 halaman

    Microelectronic Circuits Sedra Smith 5th Edition - Solution Manual

    Diunggah oleh

    Anonymous JUutEK
    Microelectronic Circuits Sedra Smith 5th Edition - Solution Manual

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
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    CHAPTER 1—PROBLEM SOLUTIONS wo) re ¥ eV Liga @ raha OLA R08 Note: Volts, milliamps. and kilc-ohms constiute 12 ia) P= PR= 0x 10)?x 110-09 Tihs, should have a 1-W rating 0) P=? R= (40x 10? «1x10 = 1,6 W Thus, the resistor snould have a 2-W roting. (© P=PR=G x10 }%x 10% 10! = 0.00 W W rating Thus, the resistor should have () P= Praia Thus, the resistor should have 1}2 10 10) 0.16 W W rating fe) P= P= 20/0) x 10) =0.4 W Ths, the resistor shouk! have a 1-W rating () P= = 1A x 10) =0.121 W Thue, a rating of EW. should though 1 W would be pradent 10 13 (a) V=dR~10mA x14 theoretically suffice allow fo wv P=ER=(\OmAY x 1 KA= 100 mW (&) R=V4=10VA ma=1010 PoVi=10V «1 mA =10 mW (© f=P/V=1WAOV=01A RaVI=10 VA A= 1008 (0) V=PA=0.1 WAOmA = 190 mWAO A= I R=Vi=10V/ADmA = 1K (© P=PR> 1 =APTR 1 = {1000 WT ER = 31.6 VaR =316 Note: V. mA, KO and mW cons 4 6 ma or Tus, there ate 17 possible resistance values. LS Shunting the 10KALby 0 resistor of value K result rnbination baving a resistance 10K + f Reto 0.99 2 R= 990K 095 => R= 190 ka For 1 10% redaction R Re #1 50% redaction R Rio 0.90 = R= 90k 030 = R= 10k Stunting the 10K2 by a) EMD eesultin 10x 1000, 10 R 9.9 KO, 01% reduction 1000+ 10 * Tor bb) 100K results in 10x 100 _ 10 ew fq = 124100 199.09 ka, 49.1% rebveton TOKO results in 10 = 5 KO, 450% reduction x, RF, To find Ry. we short crsuit Vay and ook back int nade X - 330 +008) (+005) 6811-005) 2.94 =3NV 22K Ro= alues of Re are For-15% resistor lolerance the exveme values of Yo are a 0.08) « 6.8(1 ~0.05) ae asl eta 3.(1 = 0.05) + 6.8(1 0.05) Ove 7=005)+68(14 00 =2.22(1 -005)=2.11 4 275V Rongs =2.22(1 +005)=233 KD wt av \ woo ‘3 i aos a nag win I v j wows. © 2s gener: {two wavs: (a) and (e) with () having b) (two ways: (2) and (d) with () having a lower outpet resistance fr Y= 1s) y2V To reduce Vo 10 10.00 V we shunt the 10.402 resistor by a esistor A whose value is such shat 10 = 24,7 vsv 4 Thus ON io R94 Re 156.7 =157k2 Now, WRIS7 KO 94 h47= Aa s.133% imately 200.2, a shows, stash To obtain Va = 10.00 V and Ro = 3 EX we have 10 shunt both the 47-402 ard the 10k tesistor a showa. To yield an output voltage Vy = 10.00 V we must have (RD 10) = 208/147) ® a 2k w nisy 47a {h- + For Ry =3 A we must ve Ri bRS=S 2) Solving (1) and (2) yields Rnas R=90 which can be used to find, and Ay respectively, y= ISTO R= 0KD 10 LAT Connect a resistor & in parallel with Ry, To make (0) Connect a resistor in series withthe loo resistor R 4, = O2F (and thus the current through A, O81), so a8 to raise the resistance of the load brench by 10% R should be such rey rest Livision ratio tos O20 1k = 0.818 desired valu resistance must be 10% 2 R= 2500 Of Rie, 0.1K f0) ie “T A, i Ty make the current through K equal 0 173 we shot ® by a resistance 2 of valve suck that the current dough ‘will be 203; thes Lid, = 10 — me _ iD axing alae specified maximum of {he prcbiein can be Solved in two ways: te gol cn (@) Conrectw resistor Ry across R, of value Such that R; with a resistor R whose value is such thatthe paral RHR, = B/2, thus lel combination of R, and & is <1 kQ. Thus, ROAR) _ RR, R+G1R/a) "2 Ber! Lik =R,+ LE RSL KO = R=11KQ alzing only one additions correntdiviler across easia Now, subiracting (1) form @) yielde ww 40/,=45, — > h=1125mA ory 1) $rsen Substituting in (2) gives |. # 2) 210-74 L125m9A Now, when a resistance of 15 KO is connec 10625+.1.1250 between 4 and ground, 1.1675 mA oz: faye OT Vek, Gise ts 118752=2.3750¥ Oma To summariz 1.16 (a) Node equation at the common node yields tesa 1 aa heheh haiema— ¥ Using the fct that the sum of the voltage drops across (®) A node equation atthe common nod can be writen ya Ky equals 1S V. se write terms of Vas iY SEAR + Al ae 10h #044) hus, 124, 92h W-v oy sv sre5 Mov 2 V=2375V and fy can be easily Found as 2 Fun V2 82.375 «1.0625 ma= 1.05 mA oat 10 yo WW a 922978 1125 A= 1.3 mA y 7 ya f= 228-1 t8sMA= 119 mA hn Metod () 8 much prefered; fe, moe igi Iesiy We eas posible nub ot arable nd write inte the cce7ndingeinimn mbt of gui (1) AT See diagram ‘Similarly, tne voltage drops seross Rand Ry add up to 1DV, thus 1O= hh + 158s which yielas Equations (1) and @) can te solved together by mul lying 2) by 6, hah =6) a Vpo 188 HA x3KR= 561 mV LAB From the symmetry of the o n Now, if Ry is raised to 1.2 KO the symmety be broken, To ind 4, we use Thévenin’s theorem as fellows: Z U 119 (a) T= 104 ms = 107 5 p-town r = Inf=6.28 «107 (b) f= 1 GHte= 10% He =f = 6.28 10° ads (e) © 6.28% 10? nas fe ain (e) f= 60 He Hf 477 107 rable () ee) rads = 10? rae’s J= B= 1s9x10iHe r=b=628 «10 1900 MHtz= 1.95 10° He 1 r= =0526%10" s 1.20 (a) © Z= joc =— a A z ALJ= 100k, 2~ ALf=1Gk2, (@) Z=jal-=/2nf = prrf 10% 10 z-;a70 DO KHZ, Z=/6284Q 1GH:, | Z=/623 Mice Zz PRX 1D 10x 10% 10 59) 4 10 10" «00110 0.628) 8 1000. (172 — js = —1_— p27 10% 10" 100 x 10° = 107 + p62) 18 zen ¥/0828 - J8S.00) kD (a 2- ab. = 100 +)25% 10% 10x 10 x 16 = 100+ 7628 100 00+ j O Oe Pail Bauivalent ‘The Noxton current ean be found 2 386 mV é = 135 nA Ro mona Ths, 1.24 The observed output vokage is 1 mV/FC which is RS ably under open-circuit conditions that is withou, © ms : resistance must be equal to Ry, Le, 10 KGL R= tit TOY 01M = 100 ko oa + note = OLY 2001 MQ = 1012 a oat bat Gatlin ak, o Se f R, em Op ouireat D iat ct Dividing (1) by @) aives 2 roprsonte he iop rs 14 (R,/10) an THe, = R= 28.010 =F, =9R, 09= Foci,=09i, Sotstinating in (2) gi lar case 0 (adi) 1 ) a 628% 10° Lo! » goo! © 62810" 1x10" 1x10" a anit © erie © 68 «10! Pew? Veld G2 xiot tei! dt" 1.28 (0) Wyou = 7x B= 165 () Vu #33.9/.2 = 28 V ©) Yam = 220% fe SV 8) Yrog ® 220% 3 = 311 kY 1.29 (a) w= 10sin (20% 1089, V 0) 0 120.3 sin ax 0), 6) = 01 sin (10001), V () #01 sin Qn 10%), V 1.30 Comparing te given waveform to that described by Bg, 1.2 we observe tht the given waveform has an tumplitde of 0.5 V (1 V peak-to-peak) and is level i shitted up by 0. V (the first term in the equation), wavelorn look as follows Le Average value =0.5 V Peak-to-peak value= 1) Lowest value =0¥ Highes: value = 1 V =F = 197s oO 131 Thotwoharmonies have the ratio 126/98 ~ 9/7. Ts, these are the 7th and 9h barmoniss £4, 12 wo note that the amplitudes of these two hy ‘monies wil have the ratio 7 t0 9, which is confirmed by the measurement reported. Tivs the fundamental Will have a frequency of 98/7 oF 14 KHz and peak amplitude of 63 %.7 = 441 mY. The rms value of the fundameneal will be 441/2 = 312 mV. To find the Petiod 7 Peak-io-peak amplitude of the square wave we n that 4¥ 1 mV. Thos Poake-to-peak amplitule = 2¥ = 441 x Period T= 4 Ta as I 132 To be barely audible by a relatively young listener, the Sth harmonic: must be lite to 20 KH thus the fundamental will be 4 X12, AC the love end rs down to about 20 He. For the fifth ar higher 10 be audible the Fifth mut be no lower than 20 Hz. Correspontingly, the fusdamertal will be at 1.33 If the ampli tude of the square wave i Vg then the he square wave a resistance & will be ¥2 asine wave of peak amplitude V then RE his power is 19 equal that delivered 1 Ly ROR Thus, Vag = 67-8. This result i independent of fe que 134 Decimal Binary 5 mi100t 135 5, 6 by Value Represented oo1 4 00 “4 01 + oni 2 Note that there ae ho possible representation of er oh Teall (NCO and 1000.For 205-V step see, anatiog signs in 7 the range:43.5V can be represent. leek Input steps Code Coresponding to the LSB changing from 0 t0 | te 25 +s oo waput changes by 10/5% 1/2" = 003125 mA. aie 1.38 There wil be 4,100 samples per secon ith ‘ a1 Sch satnple represent by 16 bits. Thos the tech mo put or speed wll bo, 100 16 = 1.036 x 10° bits pe f 1.36 (a) For N bits dete wil be ibe ter fiom Oto Vj Thus there willbe O — Tdiseretesteps 1.39 @) 4,=2¢= 10¥_ 6 100 viv from 010 Vjs with de stp size given b 10 mV . ‘ «20 og 100 = 40 4B 2 (alee m/Re_Wv7i0a_ OLA This isthe malog change coresponding ta change in i ODA ~ 10 UA Ae LSB, isthe ylue of the resolution ofthe ADC sii ©) Me nvcinan eer | ee when the analog signal late Yoloe iat the midlle of 8 a a bse, Thas the maxi iolwaw 0 og 10" =30uB 1 5 xsepsize = 3 ou 2V Y= 2x10 VV ot Tow This is known as Whe quanta v6, 20 0g 2 10"= 106 4B, ne WV. ar - Ri, Ka ST toma = D2 mk - 022107 999 xa | TOA 100% 107 Reston = 12 049 nV oo 1.37 Whon 6; = |, the ith switeh posit > 10° WW current (Vua/2R) flows to the output. Thus ‘ie sub ofall he currents corresponding to "T wos 2 (6) deisthe LSB 4, Tims by isthe MSE 67,20 log 1000 = 60.48 10 1000 = 108 WW 10 1og49A, = 4O.UB OAfer Yom Shon ww 07 200g 11 = 208 as rate 100. cma _2mA _ 5 Tima ve oF, Dog A, = 26.8 40 er i =282 WA of, 10 tog 4, = 23.8 a ‘Supply power=2¥ 2.V x 20mA = 120 mW Output power = = 42 mW x, 100 Input power mW (negligible) Ample dissipation ~ Supply power Out pove = 120-242-956 nW Supply power *! ~442 x 109 = 120 Amplifier efficieney LAL For VYno=SV The lagest untred sive-wave Ouptt Is of 3.8-V peak amplitude or 38/./2=27Vg, Input necded ia For Vo) = 10 V, the largest undistorted sine-wave out Put is of 8 8°V peak amplitude o 6.2 Vig, put needed $124 mV For Vog = 15 V, the largest undistorted sine-wave output is of 13.8-V peak amplitude of 98 Vig. The 500 = 19,6 11V gy. 1.42 (3) For an outpus wh 15 are just atthe c-of clipping, ie, an output of OV aust have 9 V/1000 = 9 mVjea v) For an ouput that is clipping 90% of the time, = 0.1 90° =9° and V, sin S°=9V ne V, = 575V whic of course does not occur asthe output saturates x29 VTi his result, 3573/1000 = 375 mV {¢) For an output that is clipping 99% of 9 =0.01 908 = 09% V,sin 09°29 and the input must be 573 V/ 1000 or 0.573 Va, 143 When the amplifier is biased at 4 V (Le, at poiet Q), the maximam possible amplitude of a sine-wav ‘ntpun witout clipping is = 1 an To obtnin the lrgest undistorted sine wave output pos sible with this amplifier, it must be binsed halfway henween the saturation levels, ie, at Vg = (B+ 1.5)/2= 75.V (point Q2) and the resulting ouspat will have a 15-1. A75= peak value of 8 144 = 10 2S %S t+ (@) For 9 S2¥, v= 10 The upper limit on 17 is oand by su ten : solution i$ ¥6 = 1.317 V and the corespond 317 V. To obtain versie 1, We evaluate vp ¥io3317 V. The result sth a sketch of in thera skate wot) () Toobtsin ¥ = 5V webins at ¥)=3 V. 5 2 ) ialsgnal gin ain pot = 7) =-5«2Vj-2)=-10 VV (8) y=3 + Vie08 08 10-5034 Yj co ox = 2)? 10 = 5(1 4 2¥,608 oF V7 cos? ox) $= 10¥,c05 or-Sv4(4 + Jeor 200) Lov, cesar ~ 2.5¥fcor 204 1 1% second-harmonic istrton: 2,5¥/10¥) = 0.0 x09 y 49 wv =05%10x0 20 lag 2.5= 8B RAO R/O, AXE O)+ Re ons3viw 7 146-20 66 4,,= 40.48 =2 A, = 100-viV 100 — Mao 3 rn « ° 00 100.0 i 100 10x 0 00+ 1 sao vv 201990. 39.1408 Ay = BNO 8 a3 10% 8.3510" WW A Ni 06 10 log (83. 10") = 79.4 dB. For 1 peak output sine-wave cament of 100 Q, the Peak output voltage will be 100 mA x 100.82 = 10 V Correspondingly », will be a sine wave with » peak value of 10 WA, = 10/909 or ans value of 10/490.9 x 3) = O48 V, Corresponding output power = (10/4 =05W 100. Lar moa it Sin ft Sf The signal loses about 99% ofits strength when con nected tothe amplifier input (because &,=R,/10) Also, the outpur signal of the amplifier loses approximately 9% of its stength when the load is connected pow s@) wal stakes into sect. the power wo! Neworthe liteetly 10 the load, ain Ton 109k = 0001 viv is cleasly a much worse situation, Indeed inser: IMO 1, 10a Tae GORD 100 +108 9091 AIA oF 79.248 100 a a7 MO sas issipaiod in the internal resistance of the source.) sin=2 V0 nV. able of proving a marimum voltage Required overall voliage Hach stage is ca gain of 10 (the open-circuit gain value). Por m stages it eascade the maximum (unsttinable) volage gain in 10". We thus sce that we need at east 3 stapes. Fo 3 sages, the overall voltage goin obtained is YW yigy 10 y gy 10 te x = 10 a+ Ts 10) 10 2066 V/V Ths, thee stages suffice und provite 2 gain slight Luger dan required. ‘Me ouput vollage acualy bean #810 mV x 205.6 = 2.07 V 183 ayo ae (2) Reguited voltage sy 300 V/V (8) The enaliot R,llowed is obeained from OMY 5 k,+K,= 100 ke Las hus R,=90 ko, For Ry=90 RO, j= 0.1 8 pes, and mA orga (Overall current gain = x IOTAIA 910° WW ) ICA, wists pea ali ited $V hy Sneek eestor sli os: 1 Bruienn sees nl toler an 39) (0 For B= 9040 and A = 670. he end wal 300 W/V 50. * pA Trae 5 A= 588700 6 R140 (x1 8, = 1009410) on 100g, 10 waa i0" 0 Tee es rae eae [ [ Te Ohw re Diem wot x 1000 x —_100 ima 306 ss viv Connect a resistance Ri parallel with the input and G.=40 mV ir f= Ry ~ Lyd Zl ’ 2 R 1@ 3.9) (R, UR R, i = 2 20x1 at 20+1 toes * Overall voltage gain = 19.05 WV ie 157 A voltage amplifiee i required, 7 e Le 10 kO R 10912 -_ + H To limit the change in v, to 10% as R, vories from 1 to =%9 4 39.2 dB Ok we select K sufficiently large: RE UR yo (by Voltage gain Thus 2, = 100 kA. iit the ct nge in v, corespontiag 10 R, vary to 10 0,10 109%, we select R, sufi ing inthe ronge ently su o rs k,= 100 ) Poser ga A eR Rina =09%009 a 1=001 = 818 W/W = 19.148 i= 00 = 4, =11 Ww ion AM 2 Out (Current amps To limit the change in (resulting from R, vaeying over the range 1 to 10 KO, 10 105 we select sulficinily ow so thay RS Rian / 10 Ts, &)= 1008 as Ry changes from 1 t srfiienly Inge TY limit the change inj 1OK2 10 10% we select, WOR Ths, 8, = 100K Now ford = 10 n= 10° Thus, to" = 10004, _ 100 Too = 1007504 10 9 Ay= 121 AIA 1.59 ‘Transeenductance amplifier. nebo Omv seminal For R, varying inthe range 110 10 KO. and A, imited to 10% we have to select ulicienly large 22 1ORanae y= 100K For, varying in:he range 1 v0 1048 he change ia can be Leptto 1D% if Ri selected suficently large: Re? Rene Tu R= 100K = 121 mA m1: dfn 1.60 Transresistance amplifier ‘4, 10 105% corresponding o &, varying in the to 1OKA, we select R, sufficiently lows Thus, & = 100.0 To limit Ae, to 10% while Ry varies over the range 1 t2 10 KO, we select, suffcienty tow RS Rens /10 1000 1000 1000+ 100" 1000 + 105 = 121x108 [T° } and ge 4 av 10 5(100 10) x 10" B8EVY or 58.98 4 Ry (4x10) A, Bet 1 10x 197 100+ 70 1 20 NA or 65.848 =1936x 10° WW ‘Overal carveat gain THA 0 2000 A. or 65 4B Using the voltage divider rule , [ 7 ag c j 1esc ! 1eie( 2B R+E Ad RrETrse(RTR) ansfer function is of the STC lovepass type with a de gain K=RAR,+R,) and a SAB fre quency @ = 1/C(R\IR,). K,= 20K f= BOKER nd C= 5 pF — = 1.25% 10" rads 1.66 Using the voltage divider me, —w—o-} CR +R) which from Table 1.2is ofthe high-pass type with reek Asa further veriicaion that this isa high-pass network and 7(6) isa high-pass uransfer(unction we observe as 0, Ts) =0; ond that as 4+ we, Ts) = RVR, + Ry) Ao, frcan the circit observe as at 99 =, (USC) 0 and V,/V,= RAR, +R). Now, for Ry = 10 KO, R= jefe sim mumol=5 = ipapyp «OST wa —|}-2 nena vic sft hih-rass STC type Gee Table 2) wi =k 1 atk ORF) Forfi ote 1 sate s0 TCR A, 1 i ¢ a Imx 1020+ 5x10? Thus, the salle val O66 ur 1.68 The given measured data indicate tat this ampli- fier has a low-pass STC frequency responce with a low fequency gain of 40 0B, and a 3-48 trequency of 10" Hz From our knowledge of the Bode plots for Jowspnss STC renworks (Figure ‘of C that wil do the job is C= ) we can complete the Table enties and sketch the amplifier frequen response nZBnneennsA fF . 1 10 “18 Wate ie) as Tidegrees) wot 0 43" " 84.3 1.69 From, wedge of the Bode plots of STC w-pass and high-pass networks we see that this Amplifier has a mid-band gain of 40 dB, + lowfrequency response ofthe high-pass STC type with fgg = 10? He, a high-frequency response of the low-pass STC type with fgg = 10° Hl, We thus can sketch the ampli fer frequency te pense and complete the table entries 2s fll mB ~20anNGeende 1 a) fa) 10 10° 10° 10 10° 10% 107 10° miss) 0 20 37 40 40 20 0 in al 3-4D frequency (6 MIT) is atteibutable identical STC LP circuits in eascade the overall transfer function is that of tice If the with no load- 0 Cth ing effects since the buffer amplifiers have input and eto output resistances) the overall gain will drop by 3 UB below the value at de at the frequency for which the gain of each STC circuit's 1 dB down, This fre quency i found as follows: The irnsfer function of each STC circuits Lt m1) Thus, yan = 7 1 Y 20 low Since when C iv connected the 34IB frequency is reduced by lage facter, the value of € must be much larger than whatever parasitic eapaeitance oniginally existed at node A (ie, between A az! ground) Further deserrinant ‘tmust be tha Cis wow the dora ° lifer 3-4B frequency (i, eis domi L73 R, = 100KQ, since the 3.8 frequency is reduced over whatever may be happening at node B or any: by a very hig im 6 Miz to 120 KElz) Cy where else in the amplifier) Thus, we ean write rust be much larger than C. Thus, neglecting C; we find C, from 150 Kitz = 1 aec(R, IR) a 2x 15010 KIX 10 120 Kt 2 (Ra VR a 6 i cote Now R:= 100 k0 riven Thus Rj = 107 ka ‘ada Salary for node B f modes ak ae a age i ACR oy PR) [ Bmx 1x 10x 1x10 oO x eee \ =106 KO sun a Ra= M9 kQ "| She should connect a capacitor of value C10 node B This will place the corer frequency at where C, can be found from, 10 eH mata * Cr r 7 T(s) = 100. nx 1% 10> 10.6% 1 ; 2 , : = 1.5 F Ty a Note thet if she chooses to use nove A she would need — 1,76 The LP factor 1/(I + J//10') results in a Hove foconnect a capacitor 10 time larger plot like that in Fig, 12a) with the 3 dB frequency 1s fe=10' He, The high-pass factor 171+ 10%) RR ¢ resuks in a Bode plot like that in Fig, 1.24a) with sa the 3 dB frequency 1 sae The Bode pit forthe over transfer funtion can + I & C tained by summing the dB values ofthe two ind wine” Roy aad vidual plots and then raising the resulting plot vert Te l cally by 40 dB (corresponding to the factor 100 in the - = mnameratoe) The result is a Fllo For de input circu, the comer frequency fy i found er) from 4 1 1 REE, | Por Jy $100 Ha, —— 5 100 Dre (10+ 10K) 10 *C\2= 1 = 44x10" Tit Ine 110% 1010 Thus we seleot C= 1x 107 F=0.1 pF. The serat corner frequency resulting feo C, will be 1 fei = win 2ax lO « 110% 10 15 Hi Porthe output circuit, ac m2 1010 casters Select C,= 110" = 1 uP For T,(0).the following equivalent rhe 1 i-k ini Re ty. i g Eig 100 0 c witch can be expressed as (ez GalRaRy) T a! 06 “ "me SAREE resulting in 5 per(Wer aw PxtdOw 10° x 30% I ‘The 3:48 frequency i determined by the parallel RC 7) = TOT) circuit at the ouput 666% Vgew dn ol Precress} fo" 32" Ie ERIE) “anche, Re) +20 cbideende To obtain a value for greater than a specified val frag we select B30 that i a esi saes L)> Baandwidl) = 16 kHz ~ 53 He = 16 Ki FP foe 144 azze Reeth 228C fon fos &s—t— 2 2mfuwC. 3 R i To satisfy constraint 3), we fistdetermin the de gain as Re de gain GAR, IR, de gain to be rater than a specified value Ay Ee Gul RHR E Ay B+, The first factor on the LHS is (thom constraint (1)) x/100}. Thus his wansfer function willbe independent of frequency (9) if the second factor redhices to unity. This in tum 6,2 ——_“»___ ©) will bappen if x ne) ioo// 1 Suhstitting R, = 10 102 end x = 208% i (1) rests in im ‘hich can be simplified as follow 100 1) =40K0 0!) ¢ Lt) (bed » ‘Subsituting fiyy = 3 MEIz, C, = 10 pP and &, = 10k c la, a) in ty, rests in r 1 +See RS 13kQ § 5 ‘ oa 2x3 x10°%10 o Substimuting Ap = 80, x = 207%, R= 10 KO and & Ck = Gl 3 HO cf, (3) ests in When this condition applies. the stentatr i aid vo bs ; compensate, and is taser function i given by int 80 i885 mav : : (1-2 Jno ya) x10 YG 100 Ve Gre, Ir the more practice value of R, = YOK is wed then which using Eq. (1) above can be expressed ia th 6,2 aa naw aherste form (1-22 )i10 110) « 10° ¥, R 104 vi Rae 1.79 Using he volige-ivider rule we obtain + Ys % = gy when the attenuator is compensated (CR. = its transmission can te determined either hy its where two resistors 2, or by is two capacitors. Cy, Cy and z the wansmision isnot function of fequency. Iie obvi wenient to wrk in terms of it whose response determines iiss ones VV) Ste ale the amplifier ia the low nate hata phase angle of 1° at 100 Ha Using the equation for 27(ja) from Table 1.2 we Ta otsain and solsive ?)=(1/R;)-+9C, and ¥ = (1/8) + ia fom Bbi HL sC3t0 obtain The LP STC circuit whose response determines the se at the high-Trequerey end has 5 4° at f= kHz, Using the relation ZT) given in Table 1.2 we ontan for the LP STC circ en ‘ , (1,1 ; Grea fy = 1950.8 He AL/= 106 Hy the drop in pain is due to th rework, and thus ite value is 183 11 =O8 Vag ~ 06 Von = 0.2Vg 14=0.1Wog = OV 9 20 tog. 217 6B NM, =Vi-V, width of transition region = Vjy~ Vnz=02¥on fora minimum NM of | ¥ => 0:2Voo: Simla 27 | bz doin gin seas byt ; LP STC network. The drop in gain is ‘ im ist 20 og ai én ye Worse cae ity= acs Ya=6h The ou op by 3 4B wea corner toacncen of ap cern ce the two STC networks, that is, ai f= 20,16 Hz and GG S484 SHIT = 10 mw Pars te (©) Dyamnle pover dsipaon =, /evs LBL Nlys Veg Vge32-= 17 16V Saree 10h 1028 = 119 mW Mi Y= Vora 130.813 @uomansluuspelow=re 1 temaximam) = (15 +22) = 185 0 18 + t= kt dr-2in J Te ona Sha, HIGH enV yn (b) Tn the transition region a) Vor= S20! 2024012055 ¥ Yor4 3504-15) Ley v 435.V NM = Vou Yu ML=Va~Vou (©) Vay=5=N (02 x 107 =5—041 OAN=0455 3. N=6 © 0 Poy oy = S—O1)'/2.2 KO = 10.9 mW itis G9) PO ay = SH(O2KE) = GW ; —- 186 () Voun S Mp= Vy =V oe 0223 ‘ai fny= 23-01 22.20 Ni = Von~Vyp2 5-25=2.5V y 4 4 s at | << Y Low _ tn se 10x 10.10"! as () Voth = 0-(0=5)eV" = 5¢ For fr Volt) = Se 0 NS) a 25 fm. = -C10")(10) 2S = G69 ns “a oF tag Volt) = Sem mas y Por tom. Vos . F h=0.010e Volt) = Senos =23.n5 Inu = 069 08 MRS Re volt) = m= (te Hd ty = CURIR, Voi =(Wou = Vode” = Vout we Qu volta) on! hs tna = foln2=O69C (R. 069 CRy Ru RB QED, © = Mtns tou) = $069 CR CRn) O3SCR, for RetR QED. (u) Static power is dissipated only when dhe ouput is low. in hich ease - for Rg ¢ 8. Ree and assuming that Vine, Veo: Thus if the inverter spends only half t 1 this ioW-outpur state, Sl0as = 0. = R228752 © PS10mW = >R>125900 Thos, 196 R587. Selecting R= 2K, =035 x 10x 10"? x2 x 10" = 7s S 2 6.25 mW Unoumbered 1.48 Yu eas T= 109 0. ay z mu io0i £32 10x19 = 909 3 ii = 19 - 0.909 ti A, = 8263 4134 1 05% 100 « 10 « 1 P, 1 = fosxT00 0s w= 701 Unoumbered 1.50 Required overall volage gain = 7.07/0.0 25 VV In ord to avoid the oss of more than 2/3 of the -ogih in coupling the source t the first stage of the amplifier, we have use the type (1), high-nput resistance amplifier asthe input stage. Both type 2 and type 3 do not satisfy this requirement. The type (1), sin of Wand us, amplifier hasan open-circuit wage connect by itself satisfy the overall gain requirement 3 4 | ai rein» O>wo Zima resistance i 200. ive times lower than the 10002 bd 1 o 100 “10 x10 105, io+ 10! 700+ 1000 Overall voltage gain oa viv ie 10 g10% a 100 Thus, this cascade amplifier does not meet specs. The to D ort 100.420 ‘etn Dis too ligh or feeding a load of 1002 which meets te species gun of 235 Viv R= 0sMal ‘ee 19 awd web aS a = rin 4 Dri0q abin¥ en Drow. Hg Oem loose, Chapter 2- Problems aporeximaaly joo YjpThe wvissing any hee capiinent gS tanks prdicted as Soiled 22 = 0.01 =) p00 ool = 09 Dar he minimum vim ber of pins requiredlty loalsa -iipite. 8. Fae cpimanp Was Rupat Aerminals (Upins) and one oukpuk bermbel (apis) Another 2 pins wre required For power Ai the resvits seente be reasonable Similarly tht oiainwer number of pins required by quad-opame (14 = Awd gta Lat [zs 22 Refer te Fig P22. Uy ay KR, yy ie ees Inns WR” oat B Aare stool “Yoo! [3.5 ~ LD 2é | ea The voltage at the positive put hasto Cayg « Win CANE (ee) be -3.000¥ » 0.01Sin (Bit i000)6 = veg Ue -3.0200 Ae (4-G) 300 09 2 Sina 20T i 10.095 Sn Reoont 1 Gay = Ula ee Gig 2 Sin (BOMte 40.005 Sin gocont ee have AAU AL WRG,» A a BROG, Ptaglid | = 20 by Gm fend Y ag, hy MRR experiments 415; 6 Shou that thes CHK 208g Gon = 2aleg 1 60 [aa Sop hv) Rin ery lo to virtval gromd 4 so 10 rocurrenbin oka Closed loop gain a vj, For y evan Be5 Goin wosldbe in tne romge of “3 ONG Lait WSO, £5.57 There are Foor pessibilrhies oe tok pe SL eeny Reeth Bi ee ee tok : Ay Ke [or ' . Me e057 Rb Cc Ga & Hr Rann Rerokr = 8-200 Rajorn Boge pe Heokn Reine ® Gene.5Uy « SR 4G, 23. ~*Y S| & Bate oe =r Ry 2 SR, + Ryn 12ORR = 5R +R idOKR ay lookn Aoles!G= 2618, 6419.95 Ar Sra IF 9ER Lion For largest possible input resistin ts sdet Ry 210M ay Rw Soon R in = Som, ied, Mo alm Beds Ua stan This alditionat eawent comes from thi oukpuk oft aged opp. aN —_—_ = = 2 \Gaie| Ra = Ra Ot Re (ire) R "Rarer Ble : For Small % ar BA] the Aeleante on he lost toe pee Gs-1004, x45 a eee es or more. praia —1e0WlOS ¢ ga We.S< &<-40.F LA Ri sSeeer kn 5 Ba my 1524S (0, £155.05. R 1505 7485 For Usa 15 ONT VAS ASE La tS SO iss a mp HPS bY, IST 4 KK sykn (ook arte 240.8 Y ce a © Assume Ra, PR, ohen Baths. Ye 2100 Vi, eo Ra Rope - Woy fe oe At el ies 299 KA 2 BRe 2 fn Rake 1+Rs ar Re = BAK 2BSEA TY oe Voltage 0) inverting input teranin al nitage of the bp Cont. r wit from ale to tov Ths the error on He denominator. Ts cestore te en sort it depaat a the ses ae be — rol value of Raye wie use GelGje €F Hereby & mtn AP tia A tye og Stok J 2 Ban ee nies > Nae lege = ——— ony, 1% Pa (eae Ra] oe 208, Wok, 0) For Asoo ——— aa Gea 4 Aye oo A, =4 20 Raa Gis Rte t pS ie TR A by For Ax Finite op a te G. Aye he a "Tea ee (# - 5 1 BaRA = AR Ree Gonna 20-§R, ak RA wR + 6R + GR 4h = UAE. Re ee uke R tra 24 T ee Rafe, in Errore = (1+ Bay x aT Gorin Errore = By 00, a ent 4 oh 2 of which con Eemarrmuged to ytd | A] mde) otieke) rece) te aeRO ; or Ae(HE EH) Grids oth, Ra fa i so ig ce whey 4 D4 i 3 | (foe vy GPs (intl (4, 1) 2 101 y This os He wtactaine meguired value fon A, | where we hove wagiected he effeck oF on 2100s 1p Be + RE) = 1000 a | FE Ry eRe Rega 00k =r 1326 at foo Rip = R= books rows — soe faye Sy 12.30 __} to RE, iy ene : AUIo0! Re ty ete oe Al) (-B) GR,» oO ge week) Re) Bee j okay Lat, He foe Tee * eh Raita -_8 Fk, Rane eR 4+ Ra fur he ot hae Bt tr Raley t Reyes) t-*fjgoe ~ 11 hoo» 1 Foo fesie G Ries Fe Be ioe KeSo Kzoo! As Le s10l lV ha & oF t Re. Ry Ae Let YY wy 2 — Re cre + Be) _ v me ® Thus for Az tai! hy ya reduthion of Sef resoits Imonly 057, riducton of the Oued Aeep gale wahesa nominal valet is Bs Gon) So R [338] BR Rak Fron the retulls of exanple 2.2 , thi gador i: ee ciralh in By, 2.8 us give ey: ax Ah, ee 2 Ur eRe) Sear 7 | Ae Rs For Ryo By eRe nie moe an(itle de) 8) Base, =r le LAyefaneinte Ky Tye Tyctt ar Ue Ph a8 é = sw0yj e190 ue Sane Rear 4 Hi ar, f= Bo a cao Fetmind Tat Be Rip. = love , Ro work mr R, = toot Cont [2.34 Re, > if me sgrore the current ascoss 27qIR-@I R= -FIR Ry OSs Be 2 Rat Ra 0) = WV soma Toth, A Tghot mA, L cloe Nal xtooday Ted » y 5 Ue le mA xi00. 5. a bd) yARhee 4, bad Gag AMR. yp Pah WW Rulole dy Ry + RyliRy °BGrR AB Re Le Myon Ces © (ALR EIEN J, shay Fined af 1otma é ABE aR ctl my UC Sook An ae atts stoma phe? 3 20b, ey ¢ KA eg 412 2 & ads kage hee oD 12 aro ce@d oan 3 eee teording Go GE gy ABA S — Ryden oo Bee foe geet Soke, Gok.) & (5a, + 23, Ged Fob Lae ehoose the weighted Somer Configumalin tf + ma Ben Rey Rea OKA, Rea forn Ry = 20K B= 4oKn By toKn eS =: Ryesen LA tN Apye 3.3K re pe % oli by he Oy 240 24) 5A wi a guia at ae Byatt ios ac ae ey Bue Rah Bs = Rye SE 9-9 SD R, #108 R= Loe R 5 we hyp = 2KD 38 -6u, Soggesred teitheralioitt eel BEA ABIS™ (34, +34) east Me wept resisbis Noe | tog. Senos ed wi ude the Cire an Fig. 2.) she owepok signal should be g te Gp ae Wye -Ssinwt 5 Bm yu Re TFwt assume: U,= SSinwl a pe je » Rem rwyiF RAZR « joe Rs Tae weighted summer Configurelias a d Be cat Be = 2.5 R, wie => Rye Qa, wile A a Rew tran n. Shap. KR ay Reo ISK =R, % 2 Rae 4 ESA re G20 10u,, 10 oa Ans boot ; fy OU, 100, «10.06.02 Soa Brian 7 Wu GxtaSimannicesty -0dLY go.2 2ar_] == 7 a — aya - FG -4Y + Consider Fig.2et. This 1s @ weighted Summee c. fecording to cq 2st For a weight rine geo (BE sy Megs Hee, Be) a, Be Gy Be : a Tle ese EES E 2 we wag write 2G 25a cay urea, ¢ , he (Bite Zine tety ebay? Ba (tom Gan tak * fae Mig +e Se FS) 0S o& Re (tla, 42a, 4 170 a) 16 ¥, P 2 3 at go me Re Deter gD xt gale 16 = Bhe =12 wher oy 20, ~% aaa we have the pint value of & Fis Ba ap Ry 20) R=ioeR mr he Ry ston Cont. Ma. sibre Grothe & Up HW eaRed ,CatOKA when Ve wo” ay Re Io = look Olmak As inditataa, 4 only depends on Rand Vand te meter pesistomen does nor aPbect + Pelee te te crak in PQUy 4) axing. sepepetibion je Fish Sah Gate ne The output weitage trot ceslhs bn reponse te y x ys has Shao iy go Bey Beer, Then we ah gy eu, y= Bu Felt By tl -~ ay The cireuik stmprbies to p= (in Be ww a(t Pea) Fe pole yj Je ti (fa aa fan gh ~My fim yey, hye, I Son Ur HEE sere Re=F ey I Roa Me Rog wien all inp are present Y= Gr 2-(e r 5 = ay +p iy 1+ Rey Reg, + Rey Ce RENE My + Mgr) by ye By eh, tr Baw A” Ayetenn mz Ree Boer " Pye time SAP alm 2 Ree Cae (Leper 3ftat ay Brae BP + Bb) (BE Jaa my 3 Be amr Re Be (ee ce en pe ge oar han where Rp = Reh cignercng Rpg) Bry Ree Nobe that if the results From Whe lowk 2 constraints difier, wa wooll use au addi neath retittor canaseted Prom tht publhivt input to Zou. wownd . Rog) green. Rp _ yo Sy 4, Kes M 5 248 OO = Bu L y+ Be, 2h 43, ~ 2+ I,) Refer to P247 2 IF Rys 210k => 6 hms 2p 2 330" i ase a Ry = Bay H Buy = OR SS" = 2.48% (Re) Be ats - . 248%, =H 8 Mae MSG eo ee, (fe ) RE 23 ay 1.06 FP -3mrhye 3% eg egg aE ee $3 lre 2.25%» Mp = 2.95% [Do rs) Cont. fhe 2) ay 96d, Apr If Re: Snel 195 Rye Rp 225 Roy FR ew KA ae Rp, HID, fy, = Vei0k =40 kn. Rep= Batok a SoA, 33K Remick As f eet | —A Ae ee . SG nee ® from the Lino above Sistine La Ry B= U4 By (Ryo e Bh ) Rika? Vs Bley Reser te Fig. 250. Setting O20," abhnin Aha output component doe te ue as 4, BO oo, x0 we obtain the output Gmpownt dus bo vs as aM Ue BOR y (ak) 2 Rork tae) = “The total outpul voltage is 4 Pp, = ROC) For U2 10Sin Amn Sot — 9.4 Sin{2rixieo0t) = (0Sin Ante 60 40-1 inchs tenet) = 4 Sn (Arxywoot) — = Les Beaty Ba 24, Usa & © & x HA ap LER Low AF we add oreststor on the a goon goth 1 Ye ny 2K e we Cain Teo my Bat 4 10K a Re sox Fosen. 20, oa relates nT cavern Weaving ») inserting aloffer Ee ge sours, is 0. The lead carmen i conen fromthe power ply of Hee opionp. otto 6.408 put for om inverting, ampiiFice RR, > Ge» cB For oe non-inverting? omplibver Cans Rn QR & « yok WOK (00K. ® Yook Leek joo, & Sek Sok 100K a 0K OK . 1K 0K ‘ pk ek j 1K OR OK Lie aa shunt a Pesister with R Grapentabd: al, torLs LR co aE los(SOR, 4p 40R ooo) «S0XioR 4 TOR 44 0452 ey 408, « oo) S0{PR, OK, ey \00R,, = 3600 = 364: Sy = 3600 me Ryn, BERL R shy i kaiworanen ve 32. 1+ 93 Ve Liens. mh a 11 M+ Beer why Ve rae a ee & Tincompensecual Gompensired Cry 2 ea => AZ GF where Cosme A ejoo © = ES * | ool ol i} ve rot i Jo x20: GU) 1 wo Acyl wk Zoo Gly) 1 ye ee ay) ee is aA-\e oY) ¢ to \o" wo wot : z pe o ACH) wh eh oh ve aso GW) ) ow i 10 a) Ge we f+ BGni0e for inverting amplifier G25 + St ) beh p00 5 2 Gk) AY) Sy) a zl 10 083 b \ 0 oa 4 i j is 0% 2 a 10 10 5 So Replace Re 20.94 Ry oy Re wi . “yo Yoo A 0 & Ks y p “ 0% #9 Gee ‘0 44.44 ’ Lb 1000 AW b= hy —2— (6 V9), 4 UY, -) 5 a 2 06) 33 + ’ & % 2 4t cy my CMRR: 2oloy 94 Ly Ol sani F oaa Desc eMRRe 60.8 Refer bo Fig. PLSAIWHEN potentiometer 13 SAF Go tae batt [ea WV, = 154 3082 | you _ 3s cote TR we assumt R28, Ruy 28, ap 8,2 29 toe Reker to fig. 2.18) wher sat te the bop ite mr 71H 4% Siow pot hen Dobovn ech Carns Ate Dale ar = —— Refer te Cig. 216. Metin Heat Simalar bo eq 215 De have: Ru a Re 2100 therefore according to Bg. |? Se Boni2 doweorio 12 apa oft y Uy 2 ey =rAne 210 Y, Aeasrding to 2.20; Rys2R = 20En T Re, ke were ditfrent by 1, belaen 2 ternal . Rw = ak Rss Rs & Re he Rye st, Rese) gy Rs by | is ott | Rua Bey Bare) The worst cont is WHEN Keay War ihe manwine dan venue \ ak O- B® By) Um” RB Beet ~ eky it we repince ae with Be: & #2 deol + Rr Rhee Ry 2.64 Tn order to host Omideal differential amp of 2B+R MRR) aan 4 Mae Ase a> BB has to be ak its minim Walinaad we Re Waste: tbe ants wie (ga gaan ea Se dpe jont'Ry 8 aoe a. co it Bae soe Ba a Jorn firs Siew * RE (1+ ek ae ) ae) tone. eee AeMoc 2 A. (Goose (eort! . 22 ek ee oe eae SS ep 1 & Kenvajloase oat 01 CHRR= Doles | AA! rode have bo calculal Be Ni baaed on vokins we chese for R-Ry thak gave US alestidnt Yon by apply ing, superpesities : ee Oy Ae x Be oa Oe) Bibi ci weezy 04 cHaR = x Je 1 5 Saal Slab 3udb 2odb (a Reber be Pig. 24g ond €4-2.1¢: Rw = Sa (1B. Be) Parka 1 Ry Taorderte Cokadale Ay, ule ude sopeeposivios tring Fi, di oy BH Ue Be Way Wan © BEY, 9 Ua Ue SB) then veptau, G2 Uf 4 Ob Ra Ope RE a eB iy Sag AR ay at nn Bila San Ye ; 1e Fe BeBe [i+ Bas! uy + Rafe Rites! BRT aye Bie, Som ae Ad Piss! HERe 2a tay) AL |» totog = [aye 2 Me mst nytt in| : ae AR CARR Zoleg) I = | i BR, ter wert enee or maim initia MRR use have co mnanindte the denominakor Swichwsn &Rtey 83> Req UO) Rae Raq (le) Ry = 8, URED alse, Rin = Bar Pa ge ge k Jit ge CMRRe 20 tog | k bere Re opal te et | ze ie (MAR = Zotogl K ict) reine) |elote ! dd | | for KI ae ae FRA y ebe > CARR = 20 bog men oe! ~69db 2.67 MRR =80dh= 26 Bes Ah a At wr h_20.l nto 2 Re ao Ry aM Refer to pR.66 MRR stotey MA! CHRR = to! ar batons sie assumed earlier Rea thin Ba zw api ah ae =r Ryo ee ew oes Rye iMe R stoke (re-T Referts FyP2.68 and &. 219 Cyate apply te SoptrPestion ouput witage SNR U:,- she cube vlbage Sham UF feonmitio® 44 (ooxjiick loo 2 = fy = -% + % A a% n= 1% mY a Aye tofer 20.9 = Re Nod ve cofeulele Ay Reo Ré Riga R- AMA ay Rai Ree Re FR ar Beh CO “Ge 2 608 = $3 wo Kn Rasta arp - SE wo! = tek’, ond 2 — looked $10. 4% i a Be HO th 4 teal A Seg HR FOR Grog CO) 18 gene y Se we cam consider 90. a viet = iets oe nM AR, 2k, Now we coleulale fing raage Ging £25 a7 2K Cregg x tostlltok __ dF (aoe 10K (OE 34 oy 430% Refer to Fig. PRGA; ot de seperpasibon % Be 2M 40h, neat faleulale U2 &; = B&, aH uy. Aue Ba.=) Connect ¢.aedo tageliee Gon. jo eB AAT ye > The creak anata left Hall has tafncte inpck es Iya ifn topet e Ac c Ie 42M, Tp The gone oF the Biter stage tose Kaial sh Yau opanps of tea bist stage setamls ab Sy re KO, HA ny I Geol UE dat y OME ray ¢ ON AS explored in she Lent, tht disadiamtage 4 Cig aaea te thek ots ke 3 i eat eptiBied by a Gat equal ee vdycr bn) ia ave First stage and therefore a. Ver Semel Vem range it asceprable te avéid satomlon b) fr Fig. 2.206 nem OL fe applied 9 for both AEA, ts ait ane oand tarde ZR, This manans Unltage at the output of Ayoub Aa isthe Some OS Veen Hh 6% 614 Ths urndk atlaus he Caerenk Sleds wre B-0.MSinast V i004 =f3-0.0YS enue 208m tynd 1k Be0.04Sint 4 SOKLLS 34 4.04Sin Boke = 3-4.04Sin -b%- usr aaa av 0B Sinwe » “UG =~ 6.08S, Ba0.04 Sint 0 Fasas oo oF Sina Fin Mina + Ah afer be Fig. 2.20.00 Refer be Fig. 2-20 sata ata. Bar etges te MALS =A) COARR . Me Beg [AL 0 (First stage) Now Consider Fy. 2.20.1 Uy, = Uj Rye neta) Tei ae EE Soi = Yim = Cay + Bigs (-%) Cont ce» 20l0y) M4. = sate ek 2) In L.20.b , the Common mode aes is nek ed ond if is only propagated to the oom outpets of te First stage Refer bo ey, 2.22 oe (ip Re) = Hoek Ctr Hook) o 2 hy Se Lie Be) BES Ce BRE) oe obese | = IF all resistors are 1/ ed tm order te toleulole A apply Men bo teeth ingnts ond nett that vy ail appear at both Oniput terminal of tra frstshg, ye Aa we Cam evaivall 0, by analy? second amge as cane dont in prolitie 265, te PbS we Sheed thet IE each of the difeeunkias! ok russe hea txy tolerencey AQ overall ts alse ey Rem 12 alSs 26 WE agen > Aye Bu (ir8h) = 20lY Agenst vemged & = feb CHRR 20 bog 200. Conclasion: Large ene R Com be achieved by eva having relatively large Agia the Fisk stage fy af the Second stage is Aprioek se, Ry. 20K We ae a series conbigunabion of Ryand R Cory: RB, ztoor pet (Pd Minimum gat = 0-8 (te Ba) 205(14 7 \aoncyy 22h Rye \EA, S00 = my Rp ploon 2, @ asian gains 008 05 (14 Breyer eet @ OOark, sores ea Hosea Ry 2 T02F KA SOR = €) Up and Ue com bet” or Uv PP: . 194, 428 or SEP, Fr ee Refer to Fig. P.2-FRaw Since the inpubt ofthat op 04") dort elrust ony cuerenk fo Zt & \, Appters across & Fag Wd a = 86-4, ybab faeces coun (aa.s )* WE UBL Superpesitior: Ope TM GN _ oY Yong: w= Se we des Aste oeeny Tht Estat Currie Wie to both Sounds is toate, t ban = BR = Sea BR AE We circuit in Figure P29 t(@) hes ideally i input resishance,and it requires that both terminals af Zbeavailabe, while the offer circuit has Finite fodve Ay ted = 20 beg tomy A = 1044 input resistence with one side of 2 grounded. Wox3uto7 = Scrol 8 Yip 2 Aa Be mph o5 | As oto my bale ofa sm, te A éo.3ne Su = 3x10 60.32 189.4 MAE w= 10 x Sen Santo My AT ah tHe suf JA ay nioney 0) I Be ctooviy + Be Aap Fay = 10H ® io Hue tus Fyabe tonne JonHare 2 = Ao Ae 4) “Rp a ay, Fay = rome NO MHE Cae SoHE ce) Re o00y, = 20KHa ~Ri e-1000Y, Faaye 20K B= Bde (ip teos) = a0.0208n2 no My Framed nue wie Me Cine ent Aeidy, * gg) -Re 1 ie) 3) ~Sp =-' Pani mae Fae RSF rae BL Ihr eo ene fay HRB eNe : te Bi hw SE Si [zee + 6a 21004, faye Bn? Fiaefyres 8 ae 10 My Fou seas ine FL

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