Introduction

Background of the Study

Glue is any of various strong substances especially a hard protein chiefly gelatinous
substance that absorbs water to form a viscous solution with strong adhesive properties and that
is obtained by cooking down collagenous materials (as hides or bones) (Source: Wikipedia). In
this study, it refers to an adhesive. It can be called an adhesive when it is any substance applied
to one surface, or both surfaces, of two separate items that binds them together and resists their
separation. This research aims to produce glue out of resin of Papayatree stem.
PVA (Polyvinyl acetate), PVAs main chemical component was discovered by German
Fritz Klatte in 1912. The resulting glue doesnt give off smells or dangerous fumes and is
perfectly safe to handle with bare hands.As well as real wood you can use it on plywood,
chipboards and MDFs. It can be used as a high performance sealer, primer, bonding agent and
dust proofer. A PVA sets when there is good air circulation and dries fastest at room temperature.
You get the strongest seal when you clamp the pieces being glued. Its quick drying with very
high bond strength.The yellow exterior version of PVA is often called Carpenters Gluebut its
still PVA. In fact there is a bewildering array of specialist PVAs but the formula is much the
same.PVA is flexible, permanent and only toxic if you eat it. It has a neutral PH.PVA is water
soluble. You can add water to thick glue yourself to create a thinner, less gloopy one. Its best
to add water to the glue (not the other way around) a small amount at a time and stir it well, to
make sure you dont over-dilute (Source: Wood-Finishes-Direct).
Papaya (Carica papaya) or also known as papaw or pawpaw is a species of Carica genus
(Wikipedia) and it is native to tropics of America, originated in Southern Mexico and
neighboring Central America but it is now cultivated throughout the tropical world and into the
warmest parts of the subtropics (Source: California Rare Fruit Growers). Juice from Papaya fruit
and root has been used to treat boils, burns and warts. The leaves have been used to treat ulcers
and together with papaya seeds, intestinal parasites. Unripen papaya fruit also has been used for
wound healing, colds and indigestion; the roots and seeds have been used for hemorrhoids and to
induce abortion. Papaya also has been used as a folk remedy for birth control and as a digestive

aid. The fruit and leaves contain the protein-digesting enzymes papain and chymopapain, which
have been isolated and studied for their effects on injured skin tissue. Results of research suggest
that the papaya fruit, enzymes, and seed extracts may have other therapeutic properties such as
anticancer, antifungal, antiparasitic, blood lipid-lowering, blood sugar-lowering, birth control,
and immune system effects. Despite a wealth of positive early research, high quality human trials
supporting the use of papaya for any human condition remain lacking (Source: Abundant
Living).However, this study will prove if the resin of Papaya tree stem has the capability to be an
adhesive.
In this study, glue is the type of the product to be tested, PVA glue is the one that will be
compared to the product and the Papaya is the source of the product, specifically, its stem.
Statement of the problem
The study focuses on creating glue out of resin of Papaya (Carica Papaya) tree stem.
Specifically, to answer the following questions:
1. Is there a significant difference between the alternative glue and PVA glue in terms of
bond strength and drying time?
Hypotheses
Null Hypothesis There is no significant difference between the alternative glue and PVA glue in
terms of bond strength and drying time.
Theoretical Framework
Glue

Bond
Papers

Resin of
Papaya tree
stem
Students

Students use glue for such things, one of which is using glue for binding bond papers which is
the situation of the research project. If students dont have money for buying glue, they can have

an alternative way to have it and it is just by creating glue out of resin of Papaya (Carica
Papaya).
Conceptual Framework

Glue out of
resin of Papaya
tree stem
PVA Glue

Glue

Resin of Papaya
tree stem

Bond Strength and

Drying time

Results

The glue out of resin of Papaya (Carica Papaya) tree stem and the PVA (Polyvinyl acetate) glue
will be applied to two bond papers and the effeciveness will be determined by measuring its
bond strength and drying time. The drying time will be measured using a timer and the bond
strength will be measured by uisng different levels of wind strength using anemometer. The
purpose of the measuring of the bond strength and the drying time is to know which one is better,
the glue out of resin of Papaya (Carica Papaya) tree stem or the PVA glue. Then data will be
gathered and conclusions will be made.
Significance of the Study
To students. This study will benefit to students because adhesives are commonly used in
school for binding materials such as bond papers.

Scope and Limitation

The focus of this study is to prove the efficacy of Papaya as an adhesive by producing
glue out of resin of Papaya tree stem. The study will be conducted within the school premises of
Calamba City Science High School situated at Chipeco Avenue, Barangay 3, Calamba City,
Laguna.The product may take a day or two due to the processes involved.
The study is limited to the material the product will bind, the product`s strength to bind
and its drying time compared to PVA glue. Only resin of Papaya tree stem will be included in
the research,no other components of the Papaya tree stem will be used. The research design will
only take 4 set-ups with 3 trials each. The product will not take laboratory tests.
Definition of Terms
Glue any various strong substances especially a hard protein chiefly gelatinous substance that
absorbs water to form a viscous solution with strong adhesive properties and that is obtained by
cooking down collagenous materials (as hides or bones) (Source: Merriam-Webster); the type of
product to be tested.
PVA glues commonly referred to as wood glue, white glue, carpenters glue, school glue or
PVA glue is an aliphatic rubbery synthetic polymer. It belongs to the polyvinyl esters family. It is
a type of thermoplastic (Source: Wikipedia); this will be compared to the product.
Adhesive any substance applied to one surface, or both surfaces, of two separate items that
binds them together and resists their separation (Source: Wikipedia); needed to measure bond
strength.
Resin a yellow or brown sticky substance that comes from some trees and used to make
various products (Source: Merriam-Webster); the substance needed for the product to be done.
Dry having no or very little water or liquid (Source: Merriam-Webster); the drying time will be
used for the testing of the product and the PVA glue.
Bind the manner in which the pages of book are joined and held together (Source: The Free
Dictionary); the bond strength will be used for the testing of the product and the PVA glue.

The Passionate Shepherd to His Love

By Christopher Marlowe
Come live with me and be my love,
And we will all the pleasures prove,
That Valleys, groves, hills, and fields,
Woods, or steepy mountain yields.
And we will sit upon the Rocks,
Seeing the Shepherds feed their flocks,
By shallow Rivers to whose falls
Melodious birds sing Madrigals.
And I will make thee beds of Roses
And a thousand fragrant posies,
A cap of flowers, and a kirtle
Embroidered all with leaves of Myrtle;
A gown made of the finest wool
Which from our pretty Lambs we pull;
Fair lined slippers for the cold,
With buckles of the purest gold;
A belt of straw and Ivy buds,
With Coral clasps and Amber studs:
And if these pleasures may thee move,
Come live with me, and be my love.
The Shepherds Swains shall dance and sing
For thy delight each May-morning:
If these delights thy mind may move,
Then live with me, and be my love.