Paper 1 Apr 2010

INSTALLATION RULES
(FIRST PAPER)
APRIL 2010
MEMORANDUM
QUESTION 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT 1993 (ACT 85 OF 1993) AS
AMMENDED
The above refers to electrical installations and machinery on construction
sites and is applicable to contractors.
With reference to the above elaborate on the following:
1.1

Before construction commences and during the progress thereof,

regarding under and over electrical cables

Before construction commences and during the progress thereof, adequate

steps are taken to ascertain the Presence of and guard against danger to
workers from any electrical cable or apparatus which is under, over or
on the site;
(3)
1.2

All parts of electrical installations and machinery.

All parts of electrical installation and machinery are of adequate strength to

withstand the working conditions on construction sites
(3)
1.3

In working areas where the exact location of underground electric

power lines is unknown.

In working areas where the exact location of underground electric power lines is
unknown, employees using jackhammers, shovels or other hand tools which
may make contact with a power line, are provided with insulated protective
gloves or otherwise that the handle of the tool being used is insulated.
(4)
[10]
QUESTION 2: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: DEFINITIONS
With reference to the following given definitions only fill in the missing
word/s next to the question number (2.1 2.10) in the ANSWER BOOK.
2.1 double; reinforced insulation
2.2 require the use of tools
2.3 while in operation
2.4 steel tape as a protection against mechanical damage
2.5 purpose of carrying electrical current
2.6 form part of the electrical installation
2.7 for functional equipotential bonding
2.8 functional earthing
2.9 for protective equipotential bonding
2.10 remote controlled switching device

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
[10]

Paper 1 Apr 2010

QUESTION 3: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008 FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

SAFETY ( ESTIMATED LOAD)
3.1

Who is responsible to determine the type and capacity of an electrical

supply?

An accredited person or electrical consultant shall estimate the load of an

installation to determine the type and capacity of the required electricity supply.

(2)

3.2
What is the maximum % volt drop for AC and DC fixed appliance at the
point of outlet
5.2.2.1 When all conductors of an a.c. installation are carrying their maximum
estimated load, the difference in voltage (the voltage drop) between the point of supply
and any point of outlet or terminals of fixed appliances shall not exceed 5 % of the
standard voltage or of the 5.2'.2.2 When all conductors of a d.c. installation are
carrying their maximum estimated load, the difference in voltage (the voltage drop)
between any point of supply and any point of consumption shall not exceed 5 % of the
circuit nominal voltage or as determined bv the Specific equipment requirements
(2)
3.3

The value of the estimated load can be calculated by using certain fixed values.
Elaborate on each and give the applicable diversity for residential and elevator
installations.

a)
b)

for each lamp, at least 60 W

for socket-outlets, 5 kW for the first 100 m2 (undercover) and 1 kW for
each additional 100 m2 or part of 100 or; and
for water heaters and all other equipment, the total rated load
for appliances
lighting, heating, cooking and socket-outlet loads:
0,50
water heater loads and all motor loads :
1,00
for elevators:
1 elevator :
1,00
2 elevators :
0,75
3 or more elevators:
0,60

c)
d)

e)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(2)

(1)
[10]

Paper 1 Apr 2010

QUESTION 4: SANS 10142 PART 1 of 2008 TYPE OF WIRING AND METHODS OF

INSTALLATION
4.1

Name SIX considerations which will influence the above.

a) the location (also consider intentional or inadvertent damage);

b) the nature of the building elements for supporting the wiring;
c) the accessibility of the ~iring to persons and livestock;
d) the voltage;
e) the electromechanical stresses and thermal effects likely to occur as a result of
short-circuits; and
f) stresses imposed on the wiring during installation and in service
(6)
4.2
Emergency control In dangerous situations it is necessary to immediately
interrupt the power supply, name TWO installation requirements of the
device to satisfy the above.
a) is easily recognized, and
b) can be effectively and quickly operated
4.3

(2)

Extra low voltage systems - (shock hazard protection )

Name the THREE instances where exposed conductive parts of SELV
circuit shall not be connected to.

EARTH,
PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS, OR
EXPOSED CONDUTIVE PARTS OF ANOTHER CIRCUIT

(2)
[10]

QUESTION 5: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008 FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS.

The nominal cross sectional area of a conductor shall be determined in
accordance with FIVE basic safety considerations, elaborate on each ONE.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

the conductor's maximum permissible continuous temperature;

the permissible voltage drop of an installation;
the electromechanical stresses and thermal effects that are likely to occur as
a result of short-circuits:
the maximum impedance of the conductor with respect to the functioning of
the short-circuit protection; and
mechanical stresses
[10]

Paper 1 Apr 2010

QUESTION 6: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: SCOPE

6.1

Regulation 1.3 of SANS 10142 refers to where the code is not applicable.
Amendments No 5 addresses surge protection and extra low voltage control
circuits elaborate on both of the amendment.

NOTE The installation of surge protection is not compulsory. but where it is

Installed, compliance with annex L is required.
Amdt 1; amdt 5
Extra low voltage control circuits between different parts of machinery or
system components. forming a unit, that are separately installed and derived
from an independent source or an isolating transformer
(excluding ELV lighting circuits).
Arndt 5
6.2

(5)

Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits.

6.2.1 Name THREE instances where live parts of SELV circuits shall NOT
be connected to

a) earth, or
b) live parts that form part of other circuits. or
c) protective conductors that form part of other circuits

(3)

6.2.2 Name TWO design requirements regarding plugs and socket outlets
for SELV and PELV circuits.
a)
b)
c)

plugs shall not be able to enter socket-outlets of other voltage systems;

socket-outlets shall not admit plugs of other voltage systems; and
socket-outlets in SEL V systems shall not have a protective conductor

(2)
[10]

Paper 1 Apr 2010

QUESTION 7: (COMPULSORY) SANS 10142 PART 1 of 2008: MEDICAL LOCATIONS

7.1
Fully describe the electrical characteristics of the insulating monitoring
device which monitors the IT supply systems in a group 2 medical
location.
a)
b)
c)
d)

has an internal impedance of at least 100 k;

has a test voltage not exceeding 25 V d.c.;
is of a current. even under fault conditions, not exceeding 1 mA d.c.; and
shall indicate, at the latest, when the insulation resistance has decreased to
5 k.
A test device shall be provided to test this facility to ensure that the alarm
(audible and visual) (see 7.7.4.5.4) operates when the insulation resistance
reaches 5 k;
(5)

7.2
SOCKET OUTLET CIRCUITS IN MEDICAL IT SYSTEMS FOR GROUP 2
MEDICAL LOCATIONS
What are the TWO main configurations of the socket outlets at
each patients bed head?
a)
either a minimum of two separate circuits that feed socketoutlets shall be installed; or
b) each socket-outlet shall be individually protected against overcurrent;

(2)

7.3
What are the TWO requirements for socket outlets where circuits are
supplied from TN systems in the same medical locations?
a)

not be compatible with plugs of the TN systems. and

b)

be clearly and permanently marked,

7.4

Not more than two items of electro medical equipment shall be supplied
from each point of outlet.
Is this statement TRUE or FALSE?
FALSE

(2)

(1)
[10]

Paper 1 Apr 2010

QUESTION 8: SABS 0292 of 2001: EARTHING OF LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION

SYSTEMS
8.1

Elaborate on the scope of the code with reference to the voltages only.
This standard applies to distributors that operate at a voltage (a.c.or d.c.) that does not
exceed 1000 V.
This standard applies to distributors that operate at a voltage (a.c.or d.c.)
that does not exceed 1000 V.

8.2

(2)

Refer to diagram sheet figure 1.

Identify the following types of earthing extension systems 8.2.1 to 8.2.4
and write the answers next to the question numbers..

8.2.1 TN-C-S system earthing with a TN-S system earthing extension

8.2.2 TN-S system earthing with TN-C-S system earthing extension
8.2.3 TT system earthing with a TN-S system earthing extension
8.2.4 TT system earthing with a TN-C-S system earthing extension

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
[10]

QUESTION 9: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: ANNEXURE S

9.1

Identify Figure 2 (S4) on the attached diagram sheet.

(2)

Change-over switch connection where standby power feeds in after the main
distribution board (point of supply) into a sub-distribution board
9.2

Provide all the missing information from A to O for question 9.1

A = Main supply
B = Standby generator change over board
C = Point of supply
D = Gen main CB
E = Main DB
F = Change-over switch
G = Earth leakage
H = Generator
I = Mains
J = Sub-DB
K = earth neutral
L = Earth leakage
M = Power-on indicator
N = Sub main switch
O = Consumers earth terminal
P = Earth

(2)

Paper 1 Apr 2010

7
(16 x ) =

(8)
[10]

QUESTION 10: SABS 10198-1 & 2 OF 2004 (LATEST EDITION)

THE SELECTION, HANDLING AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL
POWER CABLES OF RATING NOT EXCEEDING 33 kV
(SELECTION OF CABLE TYPE AND METHOD OF INSTALLATION)
10.1

Define the following:

10.1.1

Cable

Cable length of insulated conductor (or two or more insulated conductors

assembled) that might or might not be provided with an overall mechanical
covering.
10.1.2

Close overcurrent protection

Close overcurrent protection overcurrent protection that, when the current

flowing is equal to 1,5 times the rated current of the circuit which it protects,
will operate within 4 h
10.1.3

(2)

Unrestrained system

Unrestrained system installation in which the movement of cable due to

expansion and contraction is allowed to occur
10.2

(2)

Fully restrained system

Fully restrained system installation in which all cable movement is prevented.

10.1.4

(2)

(2)

Name TWO basic functions an electrical power cable must be able to perform.

It has to carry a specified current and it has to withstand the voltage and fault
conditions of the system into which it is connected.
TOTAL

(2)
[10]
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