AMITY UNIVERSITY, RAJASTHAN

Amity School of Engineering

GSM
Submitted by: GAGAN GUPTA

Class: B.Tech(CSE), 3rd Sem.

Session: 2015-2019

Broad Area: Mobile Communication or Cellular Technology.

Abstract:
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spcial Mobile), is a
standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe
protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones. As of 2014
it has become the default global standard for mobile communications - with over 90% market
share, operating in over 219 countries and territories.
2G networks developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks, and
the GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit-switched network optimized for full
duplex voice telephony.
This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then
by packet data transport via GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data
rates for GSM Evolution or EGPRS).
Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards followed by fourthgeneration (4G) LTE Advanced standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard.
"GSM" is a trademark owned by the GSM Association. It may also refer to the (initially) most
common voice codec used, Full Rate.

GSM Specification:

Modulation
Access Methods
Transmission Rate
Frequency Band
Channel Spacing
Speech Coding
Duplex Distance
Misc

GSM - User Services:GSM has much more to offer than voice telephony. Additional services allow you greater
flexibility in where and when you use your phone. You should contact your local GSM network
operator for information on the specific services available to you.
But there are three basic types of services offered through GSM which you can ask for:
Telephony (also referred to as teleservices) Services
Data (also referred to as bearer services) Services.
Supplementary Services

Features Provided by GSM: Call Waiting

- Notification of an incoming call while on the handset
Call Hold
- Put a caller on hold to take another call
Call Barring
- All calls, outgoing calls, or incoming calls
Call Forwarding
- Calls can be sent to various numbers defined by the user
Multi Party Call Conferencing
- Link multiple calls together

GSM Network Areas:In a GSM network, the following areas are defined:
Cell: Cell is the basic service area: one BTS covers one cell. Each cell is given a Cell Global
Identity (CGI), a number that uniquely identifies the cell.
Location Area: A group of cells form a Location Area. This is the area that is paged when a
subscriber gets an incoming call. Each Location Area is assigned a Location Area Identity (LAI).
Each Location Area is served by one or more BSCs.
MSC/VLR Service Area: The area covered by one MSC is called the MSC/VLR service area.
PLMN: The area covered by one network operator is called PLMN. A PLMN can contain one
or more MSCs.

Advantages:

Crisper, cleaner quieter calls

Security against fraud and eavesdropping
International roaming capability in over 100 countries
Improved battery life
Efficient network design for less expensive system expansion
Efficient use of spectrum
Advanced features such as short messaging and caller ID
A wide variety of handsets and accessories
High stability mobile fax and data at up to 9600 baud
Ease of use with over the air activation, and all account information is held in a smart card
which can be moved from handset to handset

Disadvantages: Released and Missed Calls

Safety Issues
Competence
REFERENCES:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSM
http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/GSM
http://techin.oureverydaylife.com/advantages-gsm-28848.html
http://infotech-milan.blogspot.com/2010/05/feature-advantages-and-disadvantages-of.html
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/gsm/gsm_architecture.htm
http://www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/153864-GSM-technology-in-Mobilecommunication-system.aspx