Receiving
room
R
12 = 21 + a
= I1W Ap
Where I1w is sound intensity on source side and Ap is
area of surface of partition
12
21
I1W
Dc
= 1
4
p12
D1 =
0c 2
Thus, the sound power flowing into the receiving room 12 = I1W Ap
p12 c
12 =
Ap
2
0c 4
Transmission coefficient =
IT
Ii
p22 c
21 =
A
0c 2 4 p
= (I 2W Ac )
a = D2
c
Ac
4
p22 c
a =
A
0c 2 4 c
12 = 21 + a
p12 c
12 =
Ap
2
0c 4
p22 c
21 =
Ap
2
0c 4
p12 c
p22 c
p22 c
Ap =
Ap +
Ac
2
2
2
0c 4
0c 4
0c 4
p22 c
a =
Ac
2
0c 4
Ac
Ap
Ac
p = p 1 +
2
1
2
2
Ap + Ac
1
Lp1 = Lp 2 + 10log10 + 10log10
p
Ap + Ac
Lp1 Lp 2 = TL + 10log10
p
Ap + Ac
Noise Reduction (NR) = Lp1 Lp 2 = TL + 10log10
p
NR: not only function of TL of partition, but also of the absorption in the receiving cabin,
Hence, the NR is generally less (for the partition with small TL & low absorption coefficients)
than the TL of partition material.
Generally the NR is lower by a few dB than the value predicted by NR equation mentioned
above, due to flanking transmission via mechanical connections and air leaks, etc.
Ap + Ac
Noise Reduction (NR) = Lp1 Lp 2 = TL + 10log10
Using for concrete, and TL for laminated glass=35dB, the NR is found to be 28dB (which is
less than the TL of the partition)
If the receiver room is treated with hard board, instead of concrete walls such that =0.1 rather
than 0.02; then the NR improves from 28dB to 35.4 dB.
This shows that the treatment of the receiving room is important and plays important role than
only the TL character of the partition material.
Acoustic Enclosure
Enclosures do not eliminate or reduce source of noise. They only constrain it. Hence, should be
used as last resort.
When an enclosure is put around the source, its performance is restricted by 3 factors.
a) Transmission loss of enclosure material.
b) Isolation of vibration from source to enclosure structure.
c) Presence of air gaps and leakage
With careful design and construction, the enclosure can attenuate noise up to 40-50dB.
If the enclosure surface is at least 0.5m away from the major radiating surface, the treatment of
enclosure design is fairly simple.
An enclosure increases noise level within itself by establishing an internal reverberant field.
The sound pressure level at any arbitrary point inside an enclosure
Q
4
LP1 = L + 10log10
+
2
RE
4 r
The power flowing through the walls:
IE = IWIE AIE
Dc
IE =
AIE
42
p
IE = 1 AIE
4 0 c
AIE
RE =
1
Room constant of
enclosure
Lp1
Iw=Dc/4
(Dc/4)A1E
OE = IE
OE
p12
=
AIE
4 0 c
OE = I OE AOE
OE
2
pOE
=
AOE
0c
Lp1
Iw=Dc/4
(Dc/4)A1E
OE
LOE
4 r 2
= I
Q
Q
= Lp2 10log10 2
4 r
I r
Q =
I sr
= I sr 4 r 2
Q
Lp2 = LOE + 10log10 2
4 r
L!p
# Q &
L!p = L +10log10 % 2 (
2
$ 4 r '
Lp2 = LOE
Q
+ 10log10
2
4 r
IL = L!p Lp
2
$ Q '
IL = L +10log10 & 2 )
% 4 r (
$ Q '
LOE 10log10 & 2 )
% 4 r (
Lp
Lp1
r
IL = L LOE
Q
4
IL = LP1 10log10
+ ( Lp1 + 10log10 AE TL 6 )
2
RE
4 r
L!p
Insertion Loss
Q
4
IL = TL + 6 10log10 AE 10log10
+
2
RE
4 r
Lp
Lp1
r
Noise Reduction:
NR = Lp Lp
2
Design of Barriers
Design of Barrier
r1
r
" Q
4%
LP 0 = L +10log10 $
+ '
2
# 4 r R &
r3
r2
r4
Lp2 = L pb + L pr
Insertion loss due to barrier = Lp0 - Lp2
Assumption: presence of
barrier does not change the
existing reverberant field
4
p =
0c
R
2
r
r1
r3
r2
r4
I
p2
4
( ) = =
=
c 0c 2 ( A ) c
r2
r1
r3
r4
1
p = p
3
+
10
N
i =1
i
2
b2
Fresnel Number
Where
Ni =
pd20
2 i
2
d0
i = (r1 + r2 ) (r3 + r4 )
Q
p =
0c
2
4 r
2
d0
1
2
pb2 =
0c
2
4 r
3
+
10
N
i =1
i
n
1
QB
Q
=
Q
p =
0c where B
2
3
+
10
N
i =1
i
4 r
2
b2
p22 =
QB
4
c
+
0c
0
2
4 r
R
4
QB
Lp2 = L + 10log10
+
2
R
4 r
4
Q
LP0 = L + 10log10
+
2
R
4 r
4
4
Q
Q
IL = LP0 Lp2 = 10log10 2 + 10log10 B 2 +
R
R
4 r
4 r
Q
IL = 10log10
Q
B
n
1
IL = 10log10
3
+
10
N
i =1
i
a
S
H
D
IL = 10log10
2
H
3 + 10
R
D>>R>>H
H2
2R