Brushless DC Motor:

Motor effect:
The motor effect is what causes a motor to spin and you see this action in a
single piece or copper wire. The motor effect is when a current carrying wire is in
a magnetic field experiences a force. The size of the force can increase the
strength of the magnetic field and also increases the current in the wire. The
magnetic field does not meet if the wires are parallel.
Armature, Brush, Commutator terms:
Brushless motor has permanent magnets that rotates around a fixed armature
(which is the rotating coils of a dynamo or electric motor) eliminating problems
associated with connecting current to the moving armature. An electronic
controller replaces the brush/commutator assembly of the brushed DC motor,
which continually switches the phase to the windings to keep the motor turning.
The controller performs similar timed power distribution by using a solid state
circuit instead of the brush/commutator system. Commutator is the attachment,
connected with the armature of a motor or dynamo.

Advantages and Disadvantages:

The advantage of the brushless DC motors, are that its high efficiency, it
generates low noises, it will last a lifetime which means that overheating will not
be an issue because they can be cooled by conduction, which it doesnt need
airflow inside the motor for cooling. Brush motors can also be wired directly to
DC power and control and is apparently can be as simple as a switch.
But the disadvantage of a brushless DC motor is that most people will say
brushless motor is expensive. But they dont think about what causes problems
without brushless DC motor. Brushless DC motors are easy to build, but its the
brush that wears out because of rubbing it against the contact point and the
axle. The friction from this contact also makes the performance of the brushless
motor slow. Brushless motor appears later on than brushed, apart from the
technology and materials. Also the electric controller keeps the motor running
which means it offers twice the price of a motor. And so this is why it is very
expensive because technology is always in advance. The maximum power that
can be applied to a brushless motor is limited almost exclusively by heat which

means that too much heat weakens the magnets and therefore may damage the
windings insulation.

Brushless DC motor Vs Brushed DC motor:

The differences between the brushed DC motor and the Brushless DC motor is
that the brushed DC motor brushed Motor has a rotating wire coils called an
armature which performs as an electromagnet with two poles. A
commutator reverses the direction of the electric current twice every cycle, so
that it flows through the armature which then the poles of the electromagnet
push and pull against the permanent magnets on the outside of the motor. As
the poles of the armature electromagnet pass the poles of the permanent
magnets, the commutator reverses the polarity of the armature electromagnet.
On the other side, the brushless motor uses a permanent magnet external rotor,
there are three phases of driving coils, one or more hall affected devices to sense
the position of the rotor, and the associated drive electronics. The maximum
power that can be applied to a brushless motor is limited almost exclusively by
heat; too much heat weakens the magnets and may damage the winding's
insulation.
Brushless motors are more efficient than brushed motors because electricity is
being converted into mechanical power. This is because improvement is largely
due to the brushless motor's velocity being determined by the frequency at
which the electricity is switched, not the voltage. So therefore brushless motor is
better in computers because its high efficiency and its low weight and small
size, which makes this type of motor the perfect choice for a wide range of
applications.
http://mbuynow.blogspot.co.nz/2013/05/whatre-advantages-and-disadvantagesof.html
http://www.eminebea.com/en/engineering_info/rotary/brushmotor/brushmotor_air
craft/cat/001.shtml
http://www.learnengineering.org/2014/10/Brushless-DC-motor.html

http://electricalquestionsguide.blogspot.co.nz/2011/05/dc-motorsadvantages-disadvantages-ac.html