THREE POINT BEND TEST

Abstract:
The three point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of
elasticity in bending, flexural stress, flexural strain, and the flexural stressstrain response of the material. In this test a rectangular specimen was taken
and the forced is applied in the middle of span. For the three point bend test,
the test standard followed by: ASTM E290-1997a

INTRODUCTION:
The three point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of
elasticity in bending, flexural stress, flexural strain, and the flexural stressstrain response of the material. The main advantage of a three point flexural
test is the ease of the specimen preparation and testing. However, this
method has also some disadvantages: the results of the testing method are
sensitive to specimen and loading geometry and strain rate.

Components:
Bend specimens
Universal testing machine

Procedure:
1) Measure the width and thickness of the specimen (polypropylene)
including the span length in the table provided for the calculation of
the stress and elastic modulus. Mark on the locations where the load
will be applied under three-point bending.
2) Bend testing is carried out using a universal testing machine.
Construction of the load-extension or load-deflection curve is done in
computer software.
3) The bend strength, yield strength and elastic modulus of the specimen
is determined by computer itself.
4) Discuss the obtained experimental results and give conclusions.

Observation:

Specimen type : polypropylene

Sampl

3 mm

eheight
:
Span
:
Sampl
e
Width
:

69 mm

12.68 mm

Maximum flexural load: 45.51N

Calculation of the flexural stress

for a rectangular cross section

for a circular cross section

Calculation of the flexural strain

Calculation of flexural modulus

in these formulas the following parameters are used:

= Stress in outer fibers at midpoint, (MPa)

= Strain in the outer surface, (mm/mm)

= flexural Modulus of elasticity,(MPa)

= load at a given point on the load deflection curve, (N)

= Support span, (mm)

= Width of test beam, (mm)

= Depth of tested beam, (mm)

= maximum deflection of the center of the beam, (mm)

= The gradient (i.e., slope) of the initial straight-line portion of the
load deflection

Curve,(P/D), (N/mm)

= The radius of the specimen, (mm)

Single edge notch bending specimen (also called three point bending
specimen) for fracture toughness testing.

CONCLUSION:

Module of elastic: 2454.01MPa

Stress-StrainCurve
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
MPa

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

12

15
%

18

21

24

27

30