Abstract
Concrete is a versatile engineering composite material made
with cement, aggregates and admixtures in some cases.
Extensive use of concrete leads to the scarcity of natural
aggregates. Because of this reasons the reuse of demolished
construction wastes and solid waste. Total replacement of
concrete is not possible due to no material plays the role of
concrete in terms of strength, durability, and workability. We
have to partial replace all the material to achieve desire
properties of concrete in terms of workability, strength and
durability. In order to reuse and so to reduce the volume of the
ceramic waste which occurs during the production of ceramic,
it is possible to use as aggregates in the production of
concrete. Fly ash has been used as a mineral admixture in
cement and concrete. Using it provides several advantages,
such as improved strength and workability properties, and
environmental benefits related to the disposal of waste
materials and to reduced carbon dioxide emissions. The use of
fly ash leads to a reduction in early strength of concrete but
there is an increase in long term strength.
Key word: Concrete, Flyash, Strength studies, Waste tiles
1. INTRODUCTION
Cement industry is one of the major contributors to
pollution by releasing carbon dioxide. One ton of OPC
production produces approximately one ton of Carbon
dioxide. So by partially replacing cement with pozzolanic
material such as fly ash, the cement industry can serve both
the purposes of meeting the demands of construction industry
and at the same time providing a green and clean environment.
Fly ash is difficult to decompose so using flyash is a major
step towards sustainable development. Fly ash is the finely
divided mineral residue resulting from the combustion of
ground or powdered coal in electric power generating thermal
plant. Fly ash is a beneficial mineral admixture for concrete. It
influences many properties of concrete in both fresh and
hardened state. Moreover, utilization of waste materials in
cement and concrete industry reduces the environmental
problems of power plants and decreases electricity generation
costs. Cement with fly ash reduces the permeability of
concrete and dense calcium silicate hydrate (CSH).
Research shows that adding fly ash to concrete, as a partial
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
2.1 Ceramic Waste
Ceramic wastes are generated as a waste during
the process of dressing and polishing. It is estimated that 15 to
30% waste are produced of total raw material used, and
although a portion of this waste may be utilized on-site, such
as for excavation pit refill, The disposals of these waste
materials acquire large land areas and remain scattered all
around, spoiling the aesthetic of the entire region. It is very
difficult to find a use of ceramic waste produced. Ceramic
waste can be used in concrete to improve its strength and other
durability factors. Ceramic waste can be used as a partial
replacement of cement or as a partial replacement of coarse
aggregate sand as a supplementary addition to achieve
different properties of concrete.
Table No 2.1 Chemical properties of Ceramic Powder
Matrials
Ceramic Powder (%)
SiO2
63.29
Al2O3
18.29
Fe2O3
4.32
CaO
4.46
MgO
0.72
P2O5
0.16
K2O
2.18
Na2O
0.75
SO3
0.10
CL0.005
TiO2
0.61
SrO2
0.02
Mn2O3
0.05
L.O. I
1.61
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Where
Fsp = Split tensile strength of the specimen in MPa
P = Maximum load in N applies to the specimen
D = Measured diameter in mm of the specimen
L = measured length mm of the specimen.
2.3.3 Flexural Strength Test
The flexural strength of concrete prism was
determined based on IS: 516 1959. Place the specimen in
the machine in such a manner that the load is applied to the
upper most surface as cast in the mould along two lines spaced
13.3cm a part. Apply load without shock and increase
continuously at a rate of 180 kg/min and it is increased until
the sample fails. Measure the distance between the line of
fracture and nearest support.
If a > 13.3cm then
Modulus of rupture fb =
If a < 13.3
fb=
P xl
b x d2
3P x a
b x d2
2 * P/ D * L N/mm2
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22.25
27.50
32.61
24.51
29.22
34.53
23.10
27.10
33.60
21.90
25.31
30.35
20.11
23.12
29.13
Compressive Strength
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
7 days
14 days
28 days
Mix Percentage
Fig.3.1 Chart For Compressive Strength
3.2 Test result for Split Tensile Strength
Table 3.2 Result for split tensile strength
Description
Average Split Tensile Strength
(N/mm2)
7 days
14 days
28 days
Conventional
1.26
1.55
1.90
Mix
10% of
1.31
1.61
1.65
FA+10% of WT
1.67
1.71
30% of
FA+30% of WT
1.31
1.55
1.61
40% of
FA+40% of WT
1.26
1.42
1.49
50% of
FA+50% of WT
1.19
1.31
1.40
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
5.10
20% of FA+20% of WT
5.55
30% of FA+30% of WT
5.73
40% of FA+40% of WT
5.65
50% of FA+50% of WT
5.30
28 Days
Flexural strength
1.42
Split tensile
20% of
FA+20% of WT
10% of FA+10% of WT
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7 days
14 days
28 days
Mix Percentage
Fig.3.2 Chart for split tensile strength
4. CONCLUSION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
REFERENCES
[1] Hemanth Kumar Ch, Ananda Ramakrishna K, Sateesh
Babu K,Guravaiah T, Naveen N, Jani Sk Effect of Waste
Ceramic Tiles in Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine
Aggregate of Concrete International Advanced Research
Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 2, Issue
6, June 2015.
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