Performing in Your
Constituency?
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Acknowledgements:
Special thanks to: Wanjiru Gikonyo, Elias Wakhisi, Dorah Nesoba
Thanks to the Open Society Initiative for East Africa (OSIEA) for financial support.
Layout and design: J.J. Yofi
Graphics: Henry Opati (Kissinger)
(c) The Institute for Social Accountability, 2010
www.tisa.or.ke
Contents
1.0 Understanding how the economy works pg. 3
2.0 What is the ESP? pg. 3
3.0 How is ESP performing in your constituency? pg. 4
4.0 Who manages the ESP? pg. 4
5.0 ESP Sector Programs pg. 5
6.0 Why ESP Might not Achieve its Objectives: pg. 7
7.0 The Role of Citizens in the ESP pg. 7
Annex: Citizen ESP Score Card
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1.0 Understanding how the economy works
The function of governments is to provide basic services to its citizens. These basic services are water,
food, health, education, creation of business and job opportunities and security. In order for the government
to provide these services it collects tax revenues from the citizens. This money is used to pay the salaries
of government officials and finance development projects. A successful government is one which uses
taxpayers money responsibly and is able to provide good services to its people and to pay its debts on
time. In order to maintain good services for the public, the government needs to ensure that the economy is
growing.
Between 2003-2007, the Kenyan economy was growing quite fast. However, due to government corruption
scandals and political unrest which resulted in the 2008 post election violence, businesses and investment
projects collapsed. This was accompanied by prolonged drought which forced the price of food to rise beyond
the means of most of Kenyans.
All these setbacks called for immediate action from the government to restore the economy to its earlier
status. Thus in the 2009/10 budget, Finance Minister Uhuru Kenyatta launched the Economic Stimulus
Program [ESP] to stimulate the growth of the Kenyan economy through the rapid creation of jobs and
business opportunities all over the country.
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3.0 How is ESP performing in
your constituency?
Unfortunately, many good initiatives in Kenya fail due to corruption. Sometimes poor planning will prevent
the completion of a project due to disputes over land and so forth. The failure to involve citizens in local
development is another cause of under development. Members of the public have a responsibility to
monitor public development projects to evaluate how well public resources are being used and how to
improve performance. Local development projects such as the
Key Objectives of the ESP ESP should ensure maximum community participation.
## To boost the country’s economic recovery and Citizens should audit the performance of ESP to ensure:
return the economy back to the envisioned Implementation of the projects is transparent; Members
medium term growth path (10%); of the public are involved and well represented; That
## To expand economic opportunities in rural areas funds are managed accountably; Ensure projects are
for employment creation;
## To promote regional development for equity and
complete; That projects adhere to laid down regulations;
social stability; To Prevent abuse of funds and corruption; and to
## To improve infrastructure and the quality of measure the impact of the projects
education and healthcare for all Kenyans; This publication is designed to assist you, the citizen, to effectively
## To invest in the conservation of the environment,
renewable energy and food Security; track ESP in your constituency. Using this book you will be able
## To expand the access to, and build the ICT to establish how well ESP is performing in your constituency.
capacity of our people in order to expand their First it is important to understand how ESP works, that is, which
economic opportunities and accelerate economic projects does ESP fund, who manages the projects and how you
growth.
as the citizen can effectiely track those projects.
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The Education sector program will not be implemented through the SPMC like other sectors but through the
Ministry of Education framework.
The ESP funds may be used for the construction of new school buildings or upgrading of exising facilities.
Funds are disbursed from the Ministry of Education to target schools, which shall open a dedicated account
for the ESP activities.
Selection of projects will be made by the CDF Committee. Selection criteria for school projects include
• Proof of ownership as public land (title deed/allotment letter)
• Strong community support
• High demand for schooling
• Reliable water and electricity source (except rural school)
Primary schools Projects will be managed by a School Managment Committee which is responsbile for
making payments once the work is done. The committee should prepare a School Infrastruture Development
Plan(SIDP) in conjunction with the community, and make community level procurement.
Secondary School Projects will be implemented by the - BOG- Board of Governors which should make
community level procurement.
Monitoring of projects will be done by the DICT- District Infrastruture Coordination Teams, comprising
departmental heads including PWO, PHO, WO, NEMA, School Auditor, Education Officer, District Accountant,
Quality Assurance and Standards Officer.this committee will also provide the completion certificates upon
project completion .
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Cost per Unit per Total National
Activity Unit [Kshs] Constituency Cost [Kshs]
Reconstruct [upgrade] two primary schools in each 7,000,000 1 1.47 billion.
constituency-with water harvesting facilities.
Reconstruct to upgrade to national level [centres of 30,000,000 1 6 billion.
excellence] one secondary school in each constituency
Recruit 50 primary school teachers per constituency 120,000 50 1.26 billion.
under a 3 year contract at Kshs.10, 000 per month.
Recruit 10 secondary school teachers per constituency 168,000 10 352 million.
under a 3-year contract at Kshs.14, 000 per month.
Establish a Kshs.60, 000 tree funds for 20 1,200,000 1 252 million.
primary schools in each constituency.
b. Health and Sanitation
Cost per Unit per Total National
Activity Unit [Kshs] Constituency Cost [Kshs]
Construct 1 maternity, children’s ward plus 20,000,000 1 4 billion.
admission office in 200 constituencies.
Recruit 20 nurses under a 3-year contract at Kshs.13, 000 156,000 20 655 million.
for each constituency for preventive health care delivery.
Purchase 5 motorcycles for preventive 80,000 5 84 million.
health services for each constituency.
Purchase 20 bicycles to community health workers. 3,000 20 12 million.
Provide medical kits for all health facilities. 5,000,000 1 1 billion.
The District Health Implementation Team (DHIT) under leadership of the DMOH District Medical Officer of
Health is the key implementing body. It will identify dispensaries, supervise works, ascertain delivery of
equipment, recruitment and deployment of nurses, and identify community health workers.
Facility Management Committee(FMC) Each facility will have a Facility Managment Committee elected by
the community to ensure sustainabiity. FMC members will be trained.
Selection criteria for Construction Projects
• The health centre to be identified by the stakeholders,
• To own land not less than two acres,
• To enjoy a catchment of at least 10,000 patients,
• Must have a well establsihed outpatient section .
c. Market Stalls
Focus – Addressing the missing markets and facilitating commerce, trade and rural enterprise development.
Implemented by the Ministry of Local Government in consultation with representatives of all host Local
Authorities will spearhead the implementation. Others include the Resident Engineer and the Project
Architect.
Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit[Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Construct fresh produce and wholesale 10,000,000 1 210 2.1 billion.
markets in 210 constituencies.
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Key implementing agencies/offices: The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister and Ministry for Local Government
in consultation with representatives of all host Local Authorities will spearhead the implementation. Others
include the Resident Engineer and the Project Architect.
Key Documents: The Architectural and Technical designs for the Markets.
d. Food Production
Focus - Reducing reliance on rain-fed agriculture.
Implemented by: the Ministries of Agriculture, Water & Irrigation, Regional Development and Youth Affairs
Activity Cost per units per Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency cost [Kshs]
Multi-purpose regional development with initial rice/maize 2 Billion 2 billion.
production at Bura, Hola, Pekerra, Tana Delta, Kibwezi,
Ahero, West Kano, Bunyala, Mwea and South West Kano
e. Jua Kali Sheds
Focus – Promoting Regional Development for equity and social stability through the establishment of
Constituency Industrial Development Centres (CIDC). Implemented by: the Ministry of Industrialization
Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Construct 1 jua kali shed in each constituency. 2,500,000 1 210 525 million.
Purchase welding and fabrication equipment 1,000,000 1 210 210 million.
for jua kali sheds in each constituency.
f. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT (Fish Ponds)
Focus - Improving nutrition and creating over 120,000 employment and income opportunities.
Implemented by: the Ministry of Fisheries Development
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Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Construct 200 fish ponds in 140 constituencies 40,000 200 140 1.12 billion.
for fish farming at a cost of Kshs. 40,000.
g. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
Focus – Improving access and capacity for ICT use
Implemented by - the Ministry of Information and Communication in conjunction with the Ministry of Education.
(This project was later scrapped.)
Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Purchase 1 mobile digital laboratory for 6,000,000 1 210 1.26 billion.
secondary schools per constituency.
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1. Visit the local CDFC office and request a list of all ESP Projects in their constituency
2. Regularly visit identified project sites
3. Ensure projects comply with given selection criteria
4. Establish if the ongoing construction is in line with the work plans, Bill of Quantities and contractor agreement.
5. Establish names and contacts of members of the key ESP committees in their constituency.
6. Establish a working relationship with the committees to enable ongoing sharing of information and monitoring.
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Citizen Complaints
Graphic: its your right to hold your local ESP committees accountable
If the citizen audit process identifies irregularities, misuse of funds [corruption], ghost projects among other
serious concerns, then the citizens should send a written letter of complaint, with supporting information to:
Recommendations:
1. Citizen participation and engagement
processes should be strengthened because
the success of any project depends on
communities willingness to participate and
own the projects from the start to the end.
2. Proper communication channels should be
developed to ease access of information
on the progress of the ESP projects.
3. Complaints mechanisms that will assist
the public in reporting the progress of
projects in case of irregularities, misuse
of funds [corruption] and ghost projects
should be established and strengthened.
4. There should be quarterly expenditure briefings
on the fund made public and accessible to all
citizens. The ministry of finance should also let
Kenyans know the whereabouts of the proposed
but scrapped mobile computer lab under the
Ministry of Information and Communication.
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ANNEX: Citizen ESP Score Card
ASPECT QUESTION GUIDE ASSESSMENT
Who are the Members of the Stimulus Project management committee [SPMC} of the
Representation project?
Who are the Members of the Constituency Project Tender Committee [CPTC]?
Did SPMC/CPTC avail the needed information to enable project beneficiaries monitor
ESP projects? namely :
• List of ESP projects implemented in the constituency giving name, location and
Information amounts
sharing
• Names of project members namely (CPTC/SPMC)
• List of contractors awarded projects
• Description of materials procured for the project and expenditure on each.
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