Chap 004

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism
Chapter 04
Cellular Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions

1. "Metabolism" refers to
A. the reactions in the body that synthesize proteins and nucleic acids.
B. the reactions in the body that break down proteins and nucleic acids.
C. all of the chemical reactions in a cell.
D. breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy.
E. digestion of nutrients.
Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Cells
2. One reason that protein synthesis is important is that

A. enzymes are proteins and enzymes are essential to metabolism.
B. proteins release energy for metabolic reactions.
C. it encodes DNA.
D. proteins are essential nutrients.
E. proteins are the genetic material.

Topic: Cells
4-1
3. Anabolic metabolism refers to

A. biochemical reactions that synthesize compounds.
B. all processes required to maintain life.
C. biochemical reactions that break down compounds.
D. biochemical reactions that replace damaged muscles.
E. any chemical reaction.
Topic: Cells
4. Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

A. The assembly of the cell membrane from precursor molecules.
B. The breakdown of tissue into cells.
C. The formation of secretory proteins in the pancreas.
D. Metabolism in a cat.
E. The breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.
Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

Topic: Cells
5. Catabolism refers to
A. chemical reactions that acquire energy.
B. chemical reactions that release energy.
C. breakdown of large molecules.
D. the formation of genetic material.
E. build up of ADP into ATP.

Topic: Cells
4-2
6. An example of an anabolic reaction is

A. many monosaccharides bonding, forming glycogen.
B. a dipeptide breaking down into two amino acids.
C. glycerol reacting with 3 fatty acid molecules to yield water and proteins.
D. glycogen breaking down into many monosaccharides.
E. glycogen molecules bonding to form glucose.
Topic: Cells
7. In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,

A. larger molecules are decomposed into smaller ones.
B. monosaccharides join.
C. water molecules bond to monosaccharide molecules.
D. the molecule is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.
E. amino acids are released.

Topic: Cells
8. When a sucrose molecule is decomposed to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose

molecule
A. dehydration synthesis occurs.
B. water molecule is released.
C. water molecule is used.
D. starch is consumer.
E. the sweetness level increases.

Topic: Cells
4-3
9. Dehydration synthesis reactions _____, whereas hydrolysis reactions _____.

A. lose H2O to break bonds; use H2O to form bonds
B. break large molecules into smaller ones; build large molecules from smaller ones
C. form H2O by joining H and O atoms; break H2O molecules apart
D. release energy; gain energy
E. lose H2O to form bonds; use H2O to break bonds
Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create
Topic: Cells
10. Which of the following is not a characteristic of enzymes?

A. They speed up the rate of chemical reactions but are not used up in the process.
B. Most are proteins.
C. They are most active at temperatures about 53 degrees C.
D. They have active sites and interact with specific substrates.
E. None of the above.

Topic: Cells
11. The enzyme catalase acts on the substrate

A. oxygen.
B. hydrogen.
C. hydrogen peroxide.
D. peroxidase.
E. cesium.

Topic: Cells
4-4
12. An enzyme is
A. a molecule, usually a protein, that speeds the rate of a biochemical reaction by lowering the
activation energy.
B. the genetic material.
C. a protein that promotes metabolic reactions by slowing reactions that are too fast.
D. usually a vitamin.
E. a type of protein used to smoothen aged and wrinkled skin.
Topic: Cells
13. The name of an enzyme ends in

A. -ese.
B. -ose.
C. -gen.
D. -ise.
E. -ase.

Topic: Cells
14. The basic steps of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction are:

A. substrate and product combine, forming an S-P complex. The reaction occurs, enzymes are
released, and the unchanged substrate is released and recycled.
B. substrate and enzyme combine, forming an E-S complex. The reaction occurs, products are
released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled.
C. substrate, enzyme, and product combine, forming an S-E-P complex. The reaction occurs,
enzymes are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled.
D. enzyme and product combine, forming an E-P complex. The reaction reverses, enzymes
are released, and the unchanged substrate is released and recycled.
E. two substrates combine, forming a third, which splits to yield two different products.

Topic: Cells
4-5
15. Which of the following best describes the interaction between an enzyme and its
substrate?
A. The enzyme surrounds and completely contains the substrate.
B. The substrate surrounds and completely contains the enzyme.
C. The enzyme temporarily deactivates the substrate.
D. Part of the enzyme temporarily binds part of the substrate molecule.
E. When enzyme meets substrate, an explosion may occur.
Topic: Cells
16. An active site of an enzyme is

A. the third phosphate of an ATP molecule, which releases energy.
B. a sequence of DNA nucleotides that encodes a protein molecule.
C. the part of a substrate that combines with an enzyme.
D. the part of an enzyme that combines with a product.
E. the part of an enzyme that binds ATP.

Topic: Cells
17. An important mechanism that controls metabolic pathways under physiological conditions
is
A. positive feedback.
B. substrate concentration.
C. negative feedback.
D. genetic control.
E. signal transduction.

Topic: Cells
4-6
18. Three factors that increase the rates of enzyme-controlled reactions are the
A. number of enzyme molecules, number of substrate molecules, and efficiency of the
enzyme.
B. temperature of the reaction, number of H2O molecules, and bond strength.
C. number of enzyme and substrate molecules formed and strength of the enzyme.
D. size of the enzyme compared to the substrate, the number of active sites, and the ratio of
enzyme to substrate molecules.
E. temperature of the reaction, the time that the enzyme stays bonded to the substrate, and the
shape of the substrate
Topic: Cells
19. A cofactor is ______ and examples are _____.

A. an inorganic molecule that all enzymes require; cholesterol and calcium
B. an inorganic molecule that some enzymes require; vitamin B12 and B6
C. a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc
D. a molecule that destabilizes substrates; carbonic acid
E. one of two reactants; oxygen and water

Topic: Cells
20. Humans require vitamins in their diets because these nutrients

A. provide energy.
B. are broken down by catabolic reactions.
C. are essential to the proper taste of food.
D. bond with minerals.
E. act as cofactors.

Topic: Cells
4-7
21. A molecule that carries energy in a form the cell can use is
A. glucose.
B. glycogen.
C. vitamin C.
D. ATP.
E. DNA.
Topic: Cells
22. ATP is important to cellular processes because it

A. is formed by muscles contracting or whenever cellular work occurs.
B. provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken.
C. releases oxygen when high-energy phosphate bonds are broken.
D. is a by-product of all catabolic reactions.
E. provides energy for cellular work when a phosphate group is added to it.

Topic: Cells
23. Energy is defined as

A. something important for chemical reactions.
B. the capacity of matter to change.
C. the heat given off from chemical reactions.
D. the heat required to start a reaction.
E. an instrinsic property of certain molecules.

Topic: Cells
4-8
24. What is the function of ATP molecules in living cells?

A. They form a genetic material.
B. They hold energy from the oxidation of fuels in their high-energy phosphate bonds, and the
energy is used in various cell processes.
C. They act as coenzymes so that fats can be synthesized.
D. They are an integral part of the cell membrane, important in transporting water molecules.
E. They carry the information in DNA so that proteins can be synthesized.
Topic: Cells
25. Oxidation during cellular respiration differs from burning in that respiration
A. doesn't use enzymes to lower the activation energy.
B. requires a relatively large amount of energy to start the process.
C. uses enzymes to lower the activation energy.
D. releases more energy as heat and light.
E. uses enzymes to raise the activation energy.

Topic: Cells
26. The reactions of anaerobic respiration take place in the

A. cytoplasm.
B. mitochondria.
C. nucleus.
D. chloroplast.
E. all of the above

Topic: Cells
4-9
27. Which of the following substances increases in abundance during cellular respiration?
A. Oxygen
B. Glucose
C. ATP
D. Glycogen
E. DNA
Topic: Cells
28. A molecule that is common to carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways and connects
these two pathways metabolically is
A. glucose.
B. pyruvic acid.
C. acetyl coenzyme A.
D. glycogen.
E. fructose.

Topic: Cells
29. A glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvic acid molecules in
A. glycolysis.
B. the citric acid cycle.
C. gluconeogenesis
D. the electron transport system.
E. acetyl CoA formation

Topic: Cells
4-10
30. In the citric acid cycle

A. carbon dioxide is released.
B. hydrogen atoms are released.
C. 2 ATP molecules are formed.
D. hydrocholoric acid is given off.
E. all of the answer choices are correct
Topic: Cells
31. In cellular respiration,

A. mitochondria release glucose molecules.
B. energy is released from molecules and is transferred to other molecules.
C. cells breathe, or take in, O2 and give off CO2.
D. cells produce energy from O2 and absorb heat.
E. energy is absorbed from glucose and is transferred to CO2.

Topic: Cells
32. Anaerobic respiration occurs in _____, whereas aerobic respiration occurs in ______.
A. mitochondria; cytoplasm with O2 required
B. cytoplasm without O2 required; cytoplasm with CO2 required
C. mitochondria without O2 required; mitochondria with O2 required
D. cytoplasm without O2 required; mitochondria with O2 required
E. mitochondria with O2 required; chloroplasts without O2 required

Topic: Cells
4-11
33. Anaerobic respiration

A. breaks down glucose into 2 pyruvic acid molecules.
B. occurs in the absence of oxygen.
C. releases energy
D. transfers energy to ATP molecules
Topic: Cells
34. Aerobic respiration

A. occurs in the nucleus.
B. requires oxygen.
C. transfers less energy to form ATP than anaerobic respiration.
D. requires carbon dioxide.
E. none of the above.

Topic: Cells
35. A molecule that is a storage form of carbohydrate is

A. glycogen.
B. glycerol.
C. fat.
D. an amino acid.
E. cellulite.

Topic: Cells
4-12
36. Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?

A. nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - chromosome - genome
B. nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - genome - chromosome
C. genome - nucleus - chromosome - nucleotide - gene
D. cell - organelle - tissue - organ
E. adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine
Topic: Cells
37. Which of the following is true?

A. The genome consists of entirely protein-encoding genes.
B. An amino acid encodes a gene.
C. DNA has five types of nucleotide bases.
D. The human genome was sequenced in the 1970s.
E. Much of the genome does not encode protein.

Topic: Cells
38. If one strand of DNA has the sequence TCAGGCTATTCCCG, then the complementary
sequence of the other strand is
A. AGUCCGAUAAGGGC.
B. AGTCCGATAAGGGC.
C. TCAGGCTATTCCCG.
D. UCAGGCUAUUCCCG.
E. GCCCTTATCGGACT

Topic: Cells
4-13
39. DNA replication occurs

A. when a cell requires energy.
B. outside of the nucleus.
C. during interphase of the cell cycle.
D. during mitosis.
E. when a cell requires protein.
Topic: Cells
40. During DNA replication,

A. tRNAs bring specific amino acids to an mRNA molecule.
B. two single strands of DNA come together, restoring complementary base pairing.
C. amino acids are joined.
D. the DNA double helix comes apart where hydrogen bonds join base pairs, and new
nucleotides are brought in, forming two double helices
E. copies of DNA move from the cytoplasm through nuclear pores into the nucleus.

Topic: Cells
41. How many codons specify the twenty types of amino acids?
A. 61
B. 23
C. 46
D. 4
E. 3

Topic: Cells
4-14
42. The genetic code is

A. the correspondence between a DNA nucleotide and a specific amino acid.
B. the correspondence between a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide.
C. the correspondence between a gene and a genome.
D. the correspondence between a specific amino acid and a specific gene.
E. unique to each species.
Topic: Cells
43. Which of the following is not true regarding RNA?

A. It is transcribed in the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.
B. It includes ribose, a 5-carbon sugar.
C. It is double-stranded.
D. It has cytosine as one of its four nitrogenous bases.
E. It has uracil as one of its found nitrogenous bases.

Topic: Cells
44. Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA but not RNA?
A. Adenine
B. Thymine
C. Guanine
D. Cytosine
E. Uracil

Topic: Cells
4-15
45. Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of RNA but not DNA?
A. Cytosine
B. Thymine
C. Guanine
D. Uracil
E. Adenine
Topic: Cells
46. DNA, RNA, and protein molecules can carry information because
A. they are organic.
B. they are large.
C. they consist of sequences of building blocks.
D. they release energy when they are broken down.
E. they are located in the nucleus.

Topic: Cells
47. A sequence of DNA 333 nucleotides long that is part of a gene encodes ___ amino acids.
A. 333
B. 111
C. 999
D. 444
E. can't tell from given information

Topic: Cells
4-16
48. DNA transcribed to mRNA always begins with the sequence

A. TAC
B. AGG
C. AUG
D. TTA
E. UUU
Topic: Cells
49. Copying DNA information into an mRNA molecule is called

A. translation.
B. synthesis.
C. replication.
D. Translocation.
E. transcription.

Topic: Cells
50. Transcription and translation differ in that

A. transcription produces DNA and translation produces RNA.
B. transcription produces RNA and translation produces DNA.
C. transcription produces protein and translation produces RNA.
D. transcription produces RNA and translation produces protein.
E. transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation takes place in the cytoplasm.

Topic: Cells
4-17
51. A peptide bond forms between

A. a tRNA and an mRNA.
B. adjacent amino acids held on a ribosome and bound to tRNAs.
C. an mRNA and an rRNA.
D. a gene and a protein.
E. two pepto bismol tablets.
Topic: Cells
52. Which DNA sequence can encode the amino acid sequence ile-asp-ser-cys-his-tyr?
A. TAGCTGTCAACAGTGATA
B. TAACTGTCGACGGTGATG
C. TAACTAAGTACGGTGATG
D. GTAGTGGCATGAATCAAT

Topic: Cells
53. A chaperone protein

A. brings amino acids to the appropriate tRNAs.
B. brings a tRNA to the appropriate codon on mRNA.
C. helps a protein to fold.
D. attracts ATP.
E. escorts mRNA out of the nucleus.

Topic: Cells
4-18
54. Codons are part of

A. mRNA.
B. tRNA.
C. rRNA.
D. microRNAs.
E. proteins.
Topic: Cells
55. Synthesis of a protein stops when

A. any of three specific anticodons are encountered in the mRNA.
B. the cell runs out of ATP.
C. any of three "stop" codons are encountered in the mRNA.
D. the ribosome becomes fatigued.
E. there is no more DNA.

Topic: Cells
56. A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes an mRNA of sequence

A. AACGGUGCACCACGG
B. UUGCCACGUGGUGCC
C. AACGGTGCACCACGG
D. leu-arg-pro-ala-ser
E. ser-ala-pro-arg-leu

Topic: Cells
4-19
57. A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes a portion of a protein of sequence

A. ile-gly-ala-pro-arg
B. leu-pro-arg-gly-ala
C. ala-gly-arg-pro-leu
D. can't tell from given information
E. arg-pro-ala-gly-ile
Topic: Cells
58. The genome sequences of different individuals are

A. always identical.
B. always different.
C. about 90% alike.
D. about 99.9% alike
E. about 50% alike.

Topic: Cells
59. A mutation is
A. a change in a DNA sequence in less than 1% of a population that affects anatomy and/or
physiology.
B. a common genetic variant.
C. a change in the genetic code.
D. always harmful to health.
E. an inherited disease.

Topic: Cells
4-20
60. A mutation can cause disease if

A. the DNA sequence does not change.
B. the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that
affects the encoded protein's functioning.
C. the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that
does not alter the encoded protein's functioning.
D. it attracts mutagens.
E. it is inherited.
Topic: Cells
61. Three types of genetic changes are

A. replication, transcription, and translation.
B. A to C, G to C, and U to A.
C. mutations, SNPs, and changes in copy number.
D. adenine, guanince, and cytosine
E. none of the answer choices is correct

Topic: Cells
62. In the DNA damage response

A. repair enzymes replace mismatched nucleotides in DNA.
B. repair enzymes replace mismatched nucleotides in RNA.
C. repair enzymes replace mismatched amino acids in protein.
D. more than one codon encodes one type of amino acid.
E. all DNA replication temporarily ceases.

Topic: Cells
4-21
63. Arsenic poisoning harms the body by

A. unraveling the DNA double helix.
B. interfering with cellular extraction of energy from glucose.
C. forming more sulfur bonds in proteins.
D. rotting the teeth.
E. all of the above.
Boxed Reading: vignette
Topic: Cells
64. DNA profiling

A. sequences the entire genomes of criminals.
B. sequences genes that cause disease.
C. compares the most variable parts of the genome for a variety of applications.
D. analyzes 64 highly variable regions of the human genome.
E. counts the numbers of adenines, guanines, cytosines, and thymines in DNA.
Boxed Reading: From Science to Technology 4.1

Topic: Cells
65. The polymerase chain reaction is a lab version of

A. DNA replication.
B. RNA transcription.
C. protein translation.
D. cellular respiration.
E. excretion.

Topic: Cells
4-22
66. MicroRNAs
A. are 21 or 22 bases long.
B. control gene expression.
C. are noncoding RNAs.
D. regulate transcription of several genes.
E. are all of the above
Topic: Cells
67. The metabolome includes

A. all of the genes that encode protein in the genome.
B. the DNA that does not encode protein in the genome.
C. all of the small molecules that are part of metabolism.
D. all of the enzymes that take part in aerobic respiration.
E. all of the genes that make a person gain weight.

Topic: Cells
True / False Questions

68. Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions in a cell.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
69. Proteins are critical to metabolism because all proteins are enzymes.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
4-23
70. Catabolism builds up molecules and anabolism breaks down molecules.

FALSE
Topic: Cells
71. Releasing the energy in glucose molecules is an example of catabolism.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
72. Dehydration synthesis is catabolic and hydrolysis is anabolic.

FALSE

Topic: Cells
73. In adipose tissue, fat molecules form when fatty acid molecules and glycerol join by
hydrolysis.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
74. A different enzyme may catalyze the formation and the breakdown of the same molecule.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
4-24
75. Enzymes are proteins that promote specific chemical reactions.

TRUE
Topic: Cells
76. A metabolic pathway is a particular sequence of enzyme-controlled reactions.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
77. An active site is the part of a substrate molecule that binds an enzyme.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
78. A cell may contain hundreds of different types of enzymes.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
79. A rate-limiting enzyme usually acts at the end of a metabolic pathway.

FALSE

Topic: Cells
4-25
80. An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose, and three phosphates.

TRUE
Topic: Cells
81. Oxidation of glucose is important because it releases energy.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
82. The synthesis of an ATP molecule requires two ADP molecules.

FALSE

Topic: Cells
83. Oxidation forms chemical bonds.

FALSE

Topic: Cells
84. During the anaerobic phase of respiration, pyruvic acid reacts to form glucose.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
4-26
85. The aerobic phase of respiration occurs in the mitochondria.

TRUE
Topic: Cells
86. For each citric acid molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, 2 ATPs, 16 H atoms, and 4
CO2 molecules are produced.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
87. The electron transport chain is a series of enzyme complexes that pass electrons, releasing
energy that is used to phosphorylate ADP to ATP on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
88. If you eat too much carbohydrate, it can be stored as fat.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
89. All of the genetic information in a cell is a genome.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
4-27
90. Genetic information is contained in protein molecules and is passed from one parent to
another.
FALSE
Topic: Cells
91. The portion of a DNA molecule that contains the genetic information for making a protein
is called a gene.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
92. A DNA molecule is a double helix in which A pairs with C and T pairs with G.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
93. The two strands of a DNA molecule have opposite orientation.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
94. In DNA replication, the two halves of the double helix part and enzymes place A, C, G,
and U nucleotides opposite their complements, forming two double helices from one.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
4-28
95. A DNA strand of ACTTCGCATG, when replicated, would yield a strand of the same
sequence.
FALSE
Topic: Cells
96. Each individual has her or his own genetic code.

FALSE

Topic: Cells
97. The genetic code is the correspondence between DNA sequence and amino acid sequence
of a protein.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
98. DNA and RNA differ in strandedness, type of sugar, and types of nitrogenous bases.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
99. A DNA sequence of CGCTTACGATTG would be transcribed into an RNA sequence of

GCGAAUGCUAAC.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
4-29
100. Transcription yields protein and translation produces RNA.

FALSE
Topic: Cells
101. Three types of RNA participate in protein synthesis.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
102. Codons are three contiguous mRNA bases

TRUE

Topic: Cells
103. The part of the tRNA that binds mRNA is the anticodon.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
104. A single nucleotide polymorphism is a very rare genetic variant that affects health.
FALSE

Topic: Cells
4-30
105. A mutation that changes a CGC codon to CGA would not affect health because the
encoded amino acid is unchanged.
TRUE
Topic: Cells
106. Mutagens are factors that cause mutation.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
107. A mutation may occur spontaneously or by exposure to a mutagen.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
108. A type of genetic change is certain sequences present in different numbers of copies in
different individuals.
TRUE

Topic: Cells
109. The DNA damage response replaces mismatched nucleotides.

TRUE

Topic: Cells
4-31
Fill in the Blank Questions

110. Building up large molecules is called _______.
anabolism

Topic: Cells
111. The molecule that an enzyme affects is its _________.

substrate

Topic: Cells
112. The process that extracts energy from glucose and makes it available is _______
________.
cellular respiration

Topic: Cells
113. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration begin with _______, in which glucose is broken
down.
glycolysis

Topic: Cells
4-32
114. The correspondence between a unit of DNA information and an amino acid is the _____
______.
genetic code
Topic: Cells
115. The complete set of genetic instructions in an individual is the ______.

genome

Topic: Cells
116. Adenine and guanine are ________ and cytosine and thymine are ______.
purines; pyrimidines

Topic: Cells
117. A sequence of DNA is CTGATGTCTA. Its complements is ____________.

GACTACAGAT

Topic: Cells
118. A __________ RNA binds an amino acid.

t

Topic: Cells
4-33
119. A substance that causes a mutation is called a __________.

mutagen
Topic: Cells
120. If the DNA triplet UGU mutates to CGU, then the encoded amino acid changes from
_____ to _____.
cysteine; arginine

Topic: Cells
4-34

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Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

Multiple Choice Questions

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

2. One reason that protein synthesis is important is that

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

3. Anabolic metabolism refers to

4. Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

6. An example of an anabolic reaction is

7. In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

8. When a sucrose molecule is decomposed to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

9. Dehydration synthesis reactions _____, whereas hydrolysis reactions _____.

10. Which of the following is not a characteristic of enzymes?

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

11. The enzyme catalase acts on the substrate

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

13. The name of an enzyme ends in

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

14. The basic steps of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction are:

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

16. An active site of an enzyme is

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

19. A cofactor is ______ and examples are _____.

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

20. Humans require vitamins in their diets because these nutrients

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

22. ATP is important to cellular processes because it

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

23. Energy is defined as

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

24. What is the function of ATP molecules in living cells?

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

26. The reactions of anaerobic respiration take place in the

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

30. In the citric acid cycle

31. In cellular respiration,

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

33. Anaerobic respiration

34. Aerobic respiration

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

35. A molecule that is a storage form of carbohydrate is

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Chapter 04 - Cellular Metabolism

36. Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?

37. Which of the following is true?

9. Dehydration synthesis reactions _, whereas hydrolysis reactions _.

19. A cofactor is __ and examples are _.