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HIDROGEOLOGI UMUM ((GL-3081))

MINGGU KE-1
PENDAHULUAN

Oleh:

Asisten:

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Dr. D. Erwin Irawan

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Prof.Dr.Ir. Deny Juanda Puradimaja, DEA

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Kesepakatan Umum Perkuliahan

GL-3081
GL
3081 Hidrogeologi Umum

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IT

Kuliah diadakan setiap hari Kamis pagi pukul 07.30

Absensi penting (80%)
Praktikum penting (menentukan kelulusan)
Komposisi penilaian menyesuaikan kondisi:
UTS
UAS
Praktikum
Absensi
Kelas
l
Pemberitahuan ketidakhadiran dalam bentuk surat.
Referensi:
Freeze & Cherry, 1979, Groundwater
Mandel, 1981, Groundwater Resources
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SOAL TES KEMAMPUAN DASAR

Jelaskan arti suatu siklus hidrologi!
Jelaskan keterdapatan air di bawah permukaan!
Apa yang saudara ketahui mengenai akifer dan akitar?
perbedaan p
permeabilitas dan p
porositas!
Jelaskan p
Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan uji pompa!
Apa yang dimaksud dengan garis pisometrik?
A
Apa
yang dimaksud
di k d dengan
d
artesis
t i positif,
itif negatif,
tif dan
d
nol?
8 Apa yang saudara ketahui mengenai rezim aliran
8.
airtanah!
p yyang
g saudara ketahui mengenai
g
fenomena intrusi
9. Apa
airlaut?
10. Jelaskan konsep manajemen airtanah yang saudara
k t h i!
ketahui!

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1.
2
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7
7.

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Sasaran :

PENDAHULUAN

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Memahami sejarah ilmu hidrogeologi

Memahami definisi yang berkaitan dengan

hidrogeologi:

akifer dan jenis media akifer

tipologi dan geometri akifer

cekungan hidrogeologi dan siklus airtanah

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EN

TS

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Water Dowsing

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Ancient World

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In
I prehistoric
hi t i times,
ti
springs
i
doubtless
d btl servedd as an

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important source of water for both nomadic and

agrarian peoples
peoples.
Today we know that springs are fed by ground water,
which is in turn fed by infiltrating
precipitation. Ancient peoples did not have this
knowledge.
g
However, they eventually found that wells could be
g
water in pplaces were springs
p g did not
dugg to tapp ground
exist, or where springs and streams were not perennial.

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Ancient World

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Qanat or kanat (Iran dan Mesir)

Qanat di Armenia (721-705 BC).
400 feet di bawah tanah dengan
g ppanjang
j g 20 mil.

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Middle Ages

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Even
E
the
th greatt Leonardo
L
d d
da Vi
Vincii (1452 - 1519)

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maintained the concept of a hydrologic cycle in which

underground veins of water rose from the sea to the
mountains, where they issued forth as rivers. During this
underground passage the salt was filtered out. This concept
was identical
id ti l to
t some off the
th concepts
t putt forth
f th by
b Greeks
G k
such as Plato.
The first person to provide a correct written explanation of
the origin of rivers and springs and the hydrologic cycle
was a Frenchman,, Bernard Palissy
y ((1510? - 1590))

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LY
N

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IT

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EN

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ARomanwellfoundafewmonthsagoduringexcavation
forthenewbuildingatLancasterPoliceStation.Oneof
g
fourwellsdiscovered,thisbeingtheonlyonenotalready
filledwithancientrubble,itwas8mdeepandholding
about1mofwater.It'snowbeengravelfilledandconcrete
capped (www.10000things.org.uk).

Ancientwaterwell,RomanAge
(www 10000things org uk)
(www.10000things.org.uk).

Beginnings of Qualitative Hydrogeology

Pierre
Pi
Perrault
P
lt (1608-1680)
(1608 1680) made
d a study
t d off th
the

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upper stream of the Seine River.

He
H measured
d th
the average annuall rainfall
i f ll over a small
ll
part of the upper the Seine basin well as the annual
discharge of the river from that catchment
catchment.
rainfall was six times the amount that flowed in the
Seine thus proving that precipitation was more than
Seine,
enough to supply the water in the Seine

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Beginnings of Quantitative Hydrogeology

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Henry Darcy (1803 - 1858),

1858) a French civil

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engineer, was the first person to determine the

mathematical law that governs the flow of ground
water, which is now known as Darcys Law.
It was based on experiments that he made on the flow of
water through sand filters
filters. He published it in an appendix
to his report on a new water supply for the City of Dijon,
France.
the flow of water through a sand filter was a function of
the pressure head across the filter, the cross sectional area
of the filter and the nature of the sand

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Modern Era of Hydrogeology

C.
C V
V. Theis
Th i off th
the U.
U S.
S G
Geological
l i lS
Survey

published two papers of fundamental importance,

one in 1935 and one in 1938:

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EN

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1935 paper: quation to describe the decline of

piezometric (potentiometric)
(p
) surface in a
the p
fully confined aquifer due to the withdrawal of
water via a well. (confined or semiconfined aquifers).
1938 paper: the
th formation
f
ti off a regional
i
l cone off
depression and its impact on the dynamic equilibrium
of the aquifer.
q

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TrenRisetHidrogeologidiDunia

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Saatini:20tema
risetdibidang
hidrogeologi.
hidrogeologi

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Masadepan:
Tema riset
Temariset
adalah
pendalamandan
inovasi dalam
pengembangan
b
ilmudan
teknologi
dibidang
dibidang
hidrogeologi
dengantujuan
untuk
memenuhi
hi
kebutuhanair
yangberasaldari
airtanah secara
airtanahsecara
langgeng.

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Sumber:Flores,dkk.,2006

Rencana(2)

D fi i i Istilah
Definisi
I il h Bidang
Bid
Sumberdaya
S b d
Air
Ai
Hidrometeorologi : Ilmu yang mempelajari

keterdapatan dan sifat fisik air atmosfer.

Hidrologi : Ilmu yang mempelajari keterdapatan
Hidrogeologi : Ilmu yang mempelajari

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dan sifat fisik hidrolik air permukaan

permukaan.

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keterdapatan, sifat fisik hidrolik, dan perilaku

airtanah (zona jenuh).

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Berbagai Bidang Kajian Hidrogeologi

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Bidang

Contoh Kajian
Eksplorasi airtanah untuk penyediaan air
bersih

Perencanaan wilayah

Survei potensi airtanah di kawasan binaan

Pencemaran airtanah

Pencemaran limbah industri

Masalah geologi teknik

Tanah longsor dan penurunan permukaan

tanah

Ek l
Eksplorasi
i hid
hidrokarbon
k b

hidrodinamika airtanah untuk melacak migrasi

minyak

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Penyediaan air bersih

Eksplorasi endapan mineral Alterasi Hidrotermal

Energi panas bumi

Aliran airtanah di kawasan lapangan panas

bumi

Intrusi air laut

Survei salinitas dalam airtanah

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Peristilahan
Bahasa Inggris

Bahasa Indonesia

Geohydrology

GEOHIDROLOGI
HIDROGEOLOGI

Groundwater Geology

GEOLOGI AIRTANAH

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Hydrogeology

HIDROGEOLOGI
GEOHIDROLOGY
GEOHIDROLOGI
GEOLOGIHIDRO

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Berdasarkan substansi yang dibahas :

Hydrogeology identik dengan Groundwater Geology
Geohydrology berbeda dengan Hydrogeology dan Groundwater Geology.
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Beberapa Definisi

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Study of Surface water

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Hydrography and
hydrometry

Surface hydrology

Study of Subsurface water

Sumber

Hydrology

De Wiest (1965)

Geohydrology (subterranean
hydrology) =

Meinzer (1939)

Hydrogeology = study of the

laws of the occurrence and
movement of subterranean
waters.

Mead (1919) in Davis

and De Wiest (1966)

Hydrogeology (general terms),

H d l i (Belgia,
Hydrogologie
(B l i
Perancis)
Hidrogeologia (Amerika Latin) =
study of groundwater with
particular emphasis given to its
chemistry, mode of migration,
and relation to the geological
environment

De Wiest (1965)

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EN

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Tiga Sistem Hidrologi di Alam

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(Castany, 1982)

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IT

CEKUNGAN HIDROLOGI DAN

HIDROGEOLOGI

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