FIRE
E
ect:
Eect
to
mankind
is
a
pendulum
that
could
ensure
both
their
survival
and
ex=nc=on.
1st Brother
2nd Brother
3rd Brother
ADMIT NO FIRE!
CAUSES
VS
PRACTICES:
SPECIFIC
FIRE
SCENARIO
(MALAYSIA)
2007
Fire
Data
from
JBPM
(extracted
from
JBPM
web
site
as
of
09
Nov
2010)
Building
Fire:
Total
:
Electrical
:
CigareHes
:
Incendiary
:
Chemicals
:
3452
cases
1248
cases
(36.2%)
228
cases
(6.6%)
128
cases
(3.7%)
12
cases
(0.3%)
FIRE
ELEMENTS
MULTI
CAUSAL!
INTERACTIONS
SEQUENCE
CAUSES
interact and
interrelate!
Causes
occur in a
logical
sequence!
CONSEQUENCE
CAUSES
OF
FIRE
Failure
in
the
SYSTEM
of
PREVENTING
and/or
MANAGING
Fire
Or
SYSTEM
FAILURE
PROCEDURAL
APPROACH
Procedural
approach
is
a
specied
way
to
carry
out
an
ac=vity
Procedural
approach
is
systema=c
but
not
systemic.
SYSTEM
=
SystemaZc
+
Systemic
SYSTEM
APPROACH
System
approach
=
(systema=c
+
systemic)
approaches
Fire
loss
may
be
seen
as
a
"systemic"
failure,
not
a
result
of
a
single
"cause".
The
essen=al
purpose
of
system
approach
has
been
not
merely
to
iden=fy
func=ons
but
to
create
a
"structure
System
approach
explains
the
HOW
its
to
be
done
not
so
much
the
WHAT
is
to
be
done.
The
HOW
is
addressed
by
providing
the
systema=cs
of
structures
(organiza=on)
and
process
(methods)
Organiza=on
Preven=on,
Preparedness,
Response,
Recovery
Arrangements
External
requirements
Legal
(OSHA,
Fire
Service
Act
&
Regula=ons)
standard
requirement
Legal
Requirements
Fire
Services
Act
1988
(Part
V:
Fire
cer=cate)
Owners
and
managers
of
designated
premises
are
required
to
apply
for
a
Fire
Cer=cate
which
cer=es
that
the
premises
complies
with
the
life
safety,
re
prevenNon,
re
protecNon
and
re
ghNng
requirements
A
re
cer=ed
premise
is
subject
to
maintaining
the
life
safety
facili=es.
ORGANIZATION:
System
Approach
Addresses
the
OrganizaZon
A
structured
and
workable
organiza=on
to
ensure
set
policy
is
achieved.
X-factor
of
safety
=
COMPETENCY
KNOWLEDGE
SKILL
ATTITUDE
ARRANGEMENTS
Preven=on
of
re
Preparedness
in
response
Accuracy
in
Response
Op=miza=on
in
Recovery
BY
DESCRIBING
THE
HOW
AND
NOT
THE
WHAT
system
approach
provides
the
FLEXIBILITY
for
such
system
to
be
used
in
any
size
or
ac=vity
of
premises
and
the
STRENGTH
to
have
an
ecient
re
safety
management.
CONTINUAL
IMPROVEMENT
AND
SELF-REGULATION
Built-in
mechanism
to
ensure:
con=nual
improvement
(e.g.
performance
measurement
of
status
and
achievement
based
on
Self-regula=on
(organiza=on
works
toward
achieving
objec=ves
commiHed
in
the
Policy;
policy
by
inuencing
attudes
and
with
crea=ng
a
framework
for
beHer
safety
and
health
organiza=on
and
ac=on
by
industry
itself
)
CONCLUSION
ABSTRACT
OF
PAPER
Knowledge
on
re
and
its
consequence
is
world
knowledge.
Consequently,
re
is
one
of
the
most
common
hazards
that
aHract
the
biggest
aHen=on
rela=ve
to
other
hazards.
Unfortunately,
managing
re
safety
is
not
world
knowledge
but
domain
knowledge.
Quite
oyen,
re
safety
has
been
addressed
independently
in
terms
of
preven=on
and
reac=ons
based
on
design,
maintenance,
and
re
gh=ng
responses.
Worst
of
all,
re
safety
management
has
largely
and
parochially
associated
with
procedural
approach.
Consequently,
although
systema=c
such
approach
may
not
be
systemic.
This
paper
presents
and
jus=es
system
approach
in
re
safety
management.
The
exibility
and
strength
of
system
approach
in
re
safety
management
is
discussed
to
highlight
the
importance
of
systema=c
and
systemic
management
in
ensuring
ecient
re
safety
management.