Relay coordination on radial feeders using Use Extremely Inverse Relay Characteristics
For the radial power system shown below, the CTR of the CTs and the relay current settings at
buses 1-5 are given in Table 1. The relay current setting (CS) are given in % and in primary
Amperes. Also, the minimum and maximum faults at buses 1-5 are given in Table 2.
Design an overcurrent protection for the above radial feeder using Extremely Inverse Relay
Characteristics:
28.2
t 2
0.1217 TDS
M 1
i.e. find the TDS considering a coordination time interval set to 0.4 s, and a TDS of relay at bus 5
(R5) set to TDS5 = 1.0.
Relay Location
Bus
1
2
3
4
5
Fault Location
Bus
1
2
3
4
5
Solution:
The principle of backup protection with O/C relays is that for any relay X backing up the next
downstream relay Y, relay X must pick up:
a. For one third of the minimum fault current seen by Y.
b. For the maximum fault current seen by Y but not sooner than 0.3 s after Y should have picked
up for that current.
28.2
Extremely Inverse overcurrent characteristic: t p 2
0.1217 TDS
M 1
1. Choosing relay 5 (R5) parameters
I5fmax = 1335 A, I5fmin = 1195 A, I5pickup = 75 A, TDS5=1.0
28.2
28.2
t p5
0.1217 1.0
0.1217 1.0 0.21 s
2
2
17.8 1
1335 1
75
28.2
28.2
t p4
0.1217 TDS 4 0.61
0.1217 TDS 4
2
2
17.8 1
1335 1
75
0.61
0.61 0.21 TDS 4 TDS 4
2.9 TDS 4 3
0.21
The actual operating time of relay 4 (R4) for I5fmax and TDS4=3.0 is:
28.2
0.1217 3 0.63 s
t p 4
2
17.8 1
28.2
28.2
0.1217 TDS 4
t p4
0.1217 3 0.55 s
2
2
21.37 1
1603 1
75
28.2
28.2
1406 1
75
28.2
28.2
t p3
0.1217 TDS 3 0.95
0.1217 TDS 3
2
2
8.015 1
1603 1
200
0.95
0.95 0.568 TDS 3 TDS 3
1.67 TDS 3 1.7
0.568
The actual operating time of relay 3 (R3) for I4fmax and TDS3=1.7 is:
28.2
t p 3
0.1217 1.7 0.568 1.70 0.965 s
2
8.015 1
28.2
28.2
2683 1
200
28.2
28.2
2172 1
200
28.2
28.2
2683 1
500
0.88
0.88 1.136 TDS 2 TDS 2
0.77 TDS 2 0.8
1.136
The actual operating time of relay 2 (R2) for I3fmax and TDS2=0.8 is:
28.2
t p 2
0.1217 0.8 1.136 0.8 0.90 s
2
5.366 1
t p2
28.2
28.2
0.1217 TDS 2
t p2
0.1217 0.9 0.50 s
2
2
8.09 1
4045 1
500
28.2
28.2
0.1217 TDS 2
0.1217 0.9 0.935 0.9 0.84 s
2
2
5.972 1
2986 1
500
28.2
28.2
t p1
0.1217 TDS1 0.9
0.1217 TDS1
2
2
6.74 1
4045 1
600
0.9
0.9 0.756 TDS1 TDS1
1.19 TDS1 1.2
0.756
The actual operating time of relay 1 (R1) for I2fmax and TDS1=1.2 is:
28.2
t p1
0.1217 1.2 0.756 1.2 0.90 8s
2
6.74 1
The operating time of relay 2 (R2) for I1fmax = 6274A is:
28.2
28.2
1.2 0.46 s
0
.
1217
t p1
TDS
0
.
1217
1
2
10.46 2 1
6274
600 1
28.2
28.2
0
.
1217
t p1
TDS
0
.
1217
1
2
6.7482 1
4049
600 1
Relay
Location
Bus
1
2
3
4
5
0.88s
0.9s
0.5s