CHAPTER I

PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION
Cigarette smoking, the signal most preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the
United States, is responsible for a death toll exceeding the combined fatalities from AIDS,
alcohol, cocaine, heroin, homicide, suicide, motor vehicle accidents, and fires. Although the
number of smokers in U.S has declined in the past three decades, tobacco use among adolescents
and young adults continues to increase, especially among women and minority college students
(Moskal, Dziuban & West, 1999).
Like most people, you already know that smoking is bad for your health. But do you
really understand just how dangerous smoking really is? Tobacco contains nicotine, a highly
addictive drug that makes it difficult for smokers to kick the habit. Tobacco products also contain
many poisonous and harmful substances that cause disease and premature death (Harry Mills,
Ph.D.).
Smoking in PG-13 films -- including background shots and other passing instances -- was
just as strongly linked with real-world experimentation as the smoking in R-rated films. For
every 500 smoking scenes a child saw in PG-13 movies, his or her likelihood of trying cigarettes
increased by 49%. The comparable figure for R-rated movies was 33%, a statistically negligible
difference.

"The movie industry [should] treat smoking like it treats profanity and sex and violence,"
says lead author (Dr. James D. Sargent, a cancer-prevention specialist and professor of pediatrics
at Dartmouth Medical School, in Lebanon, New Hampshire.) "If saying the 'F' word twice gets
you an R rating, certainly something as important as smoking should get you an R rating."
There are more than 8 million college students between the ages of 18 to 24 in the United
States. According to the results of National Health Interview survey, smoking among people ages
18 to 24 years old rose after 1991. According to the CDC's 1995 National College Health Risk
Behavior Survey 75 percent of the respondents in that age group tried cigarettes. Similar findings
were in a study of California college students' health risk behaviors (Patrick, Covin, Fulop,
Calfas & Lovato, 1997), in which 71% of student surveyed indicated that they had tried
cigarettes, 19% had been regular smokers at some time, and 20% were current smokers.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

This study is to evaluate the reasons of starter and old students of JRMSU smokers. The
MPAA's position doesn't go far enough to address the seriousness of smoking among young
people, says Fiore, noting that a U.S. Surgeon General's report published in March concluded
that smoking in movies is one of the causes of youth smoking.
The Youth Smoking Survey (YSS) 2012-2013 marks the seventh cycle of data collection on
youth tobacco, alcohol and drug use. A total of 47,203 students in grades 6 to 12 (grade 6 to
secondary V in Quebec) responded to the survey administered between November 2012 and June
2013, representing over 2.5 million Canadian youth. The survey collected information from
students in grades 6 to 12 on tobacco use, while students in grades 7 to 12 were also surveyed on
alcohol and drug use.
Despite crusades and campaigns encouraging young people not to take up smoking, a third
are currently using tobacco products, a number greater than previously believed, researchers said
today. Previous research examined cigarette smoking in college students, but failed to ask about
the use of other tobacco products, such as cigars, which added significantly to the findings and
may give researchers new insights into smokers who intake smoking.
Between 1993 and 1997 (Melissa Schorr) insights reports, the number of U.S. college
students who smoked cigarettes increased from 22% to 28%, the study reports. Researchers
suspected that use of other tobacco products, such as cigars, was on the rise as well, but had
never asked the question. Their suspicions proved correct. In the current study, 23 % of college
students said they had smoked a cigar in the last year and 9 % reported they were current cigar

users, while only 3.7% said they currently use chewing tobacco and 1.2% said they currently
smoke pipes. Those findings brought the total tobacco use up to 33%.

Smoking is considered a health hazard because tobacco smoke contains nicotine, a

poisonous alkaloid, and other harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, acrolein, ammonia,
prussic acid, and a number of aldehydes and tars; in all tobacco contains some 4,000 chemicals.
In 1964 definitive proof that cigarette smoking is a serious health hazard was contained in a
report by the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Health, appointed by the U.S. Public
Health Service.
Even more importantly, in the long run, quitting smoking cuts the risk of lung cancer,
many other cancers (including laryngeal, oral cavity, stomach, esophageal, cervical, kidney,
bladder, and colon cancers), heart disease, stroke, and other lung or breathing (respiratory)
diseases (for example, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, and emphysema). Smoking also increases
the risk of peripheral vascular disease and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Moreover, ex-smokers
have better health than current smokers. For example, ex-smokers have fewer days of illness,

fewer health complaints, and less frequent bouts with chronic bronchitis and pneumonia than
current smokers. People who quit smoking can actually reduce their risk of developing lung
cancer or other smoking-related diseases.(Smoking and How to Quit Smokingby Melissa
Conrad Stppler, MD et.al).