Factors that led to the Age of Exploration

God
Europeans at the time believed that it
is their religious duty to spread the
Gospel to those who were not
Christians. They believed that they
could save the souls of those who were
converted. However, this also became
an excuse to exploit and enslave nonChristians which then allowed the
Europeans to participate in the slave
trade.

Glory

Gold
This means not just gold but wealth in
general. The Europeans went on
various expeditions to expand their
trade and search to acquire more land,
gold, spices, slaves and other resources
that would give them profit. This also
means that they looked for a way to
directly trade with the spice islands of
Asia.

The desire for both personal and

national glory drove the Europeans to
go on expeditions. Aside from the
adventure, explorers also went on a
journey for they wanted the glory of
discovering new routes and lands. They
also have in mind the wealth and
rewards they would claim from the
land. On the other hand, the kings and
queens wanted the prestige that
comes along with the discovery of a
new settlement or discovery of a new
way to gain wealth.

SPAIN
Queen Isabel and King
Ferdinand of Spain partly
funded the expeditions
Started upon the expedition
Christopher Columbus
Concentrated most on the
Americas
Treated natives poorly

PORTUGAL
Became great colonizing nations at the
end of the Middle Ages
Instigated the development of improved
methods of navigation
Searched for spices
Practiced slavery and slave trade
Searched for lands to conquer and
expand their territories
Implemented strict government control
on conquered colonies
Spread Christianity

Used colonies primarily as a ground for

rich commerce

Started upon the influence of

Henry the Navigator
promoting to expand the
Portuguese Empire
Concentrated in the East and
Africa
Focused on their financial
rewards instead of their
national identity

September 20,
1519
Financed by King
Charles, Magellan
set sail on the
Atlantic Ocean
with five ships as
a Spanish crew of
250 men

April 7, 1521
Arrived in Cebu,
entered into
blood compact
with Chieftain
Rajah Humabon
and converted
800 natives along
with Humabon,
his wife and
daughter to
Christianity

March 28, 1521

Saw Limasawa
and befriended
Rajah Siaiu and
Rajah Kulambo

March 16, 1521

The fleet reached
the Homonhon
Island of the
Philippines and
was welcomed by
Rajah Kulambo

March 31, 1521

First catholic mass
in Limasawa
headed by Father
Pedro de
Valderama

April 17, 1521

Magellans fleet
reached Mactan.

April 14, 1521

Father de
Valderama
planted the
Magellans Cross

Conclusion: Ferdinand Magellans expedition led to the discovery of the Philippines. Although his
attempt to spread Christianity in the country led him to his death, this caused the attention of
colonizers especially Spain and Portugal to send expeditions to the country. This eventually led to
the colonization and hispanization of the Philippines by Spain.

April 27, 1521

Magellan died
during the Battle
of Mactan against
Lapu-Lapu and his
men - he was shot
with an arrow and
pierced with a
bamboo spear.
The remaining
ships of the fleet
then set sail for
Moluccas

THE GARCA JOFRE DE LOASA EXPEDITION, 1525

Garca Jofre de Loasa was ordered by King Charles to colonize the Spice Islands and the East Indies. Because of an illness, he died and was unable
to reach the Philippines

SEBASTIAN CABOT, 1526

travelled with four ships and 250 men. However, they failed to find the straight of Magellan.

ALVARO DE SAAVEDRA, 1527

The first expedition to the Philippines from the Vice Royalty in Mexico (New Spain). The ship Florida was the only one out of the three ships to
reach Surigao in Northeastern Mindanao but failed to colonize.

RUY LOPEZ DE VILLALOBOS, 1542

Following the route of Magellan, he set sail to the Philippines and reached Mindanao by 1543. He established a colony in Saranggani. He is also
known to have given the name Islas Pilipinas to the Philippines

MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI, 1564

His expedition landed in Cebu island on Febrary 13, 1565. After a short struggle with the natives, he proceeded to Leyte, then to Camiguin and to
Bohol.

LEGAZPIS EXPEDITION
February 13, 1565 Arrival of Legazpi (40 years after
Magellans Expedition)

March 15, 1865 Blood compact between Legazpi and

Rajah Sikatuna in Bohol as a sign of friendship

1865 First Spanish settlement in Cebu is established

with Legazpi as the First Spanish Governor-General

1870 Soldiers of Legazpi went to Manila and was

unwelcomed by Lakandula and Matanda

June 24 1571 Government of Legazpi established in

Manila and proclaimed it as the Eva Kastila or the
capital of the Philippines, called it the Insigne y Siempre
Leal Ciudad meaning "distinguished and ever loyal city"

ROAD TO COLONIZATION
The Barter System

Blood Compact the pact of

Brotherhood

Encomienda System on lands as

imposed by Juan de Salcedo

The blood compact between

Sulayman, Legazpi and de Goiti after
the Bangkusay Battle on June 3, 1571

Establishment of the Spanish Colonial

Government in Manila