Anda di halaman 1dari 11

Alyzza Gayle S.

Olarte

STEM N

ARCHITECTURE
What Architects Do
Architects plan and design houses, factories, office buildings, and other structures.
People need places to live, work, play, learn, shop, and eat. Architects are
responsible for designing these places. They work on public or private projects and
design both indoor and outdoor spaces. Architects can be commissioned to design
anything from a single room to an entire complex of buildings.

Duties of Architects
Architects typically do the following:
Meet with clients to determine objectives and requirements for structures
Give preliminary estimates on cost and construction time
Prepare structure specifications
Direct workers who prepare drawings and documents
Prepare scaled drawings, either with computer software or by hand
Prepare contract documents for building contractors
Manage construction contracts
Visit worksites to ensure that construction adheres to architectural plans
Seek new work by marketing and giving presentations
Architects discuss the objectives, requirements, and budget of a project with
clients. In some cases, architects provide various predesign services, such as

feasibility and environmental impact studies, site selection, cost analyses, and
design requirements.
Architects develop final construction plans after discussing and agreeing on the
initial proposal with clients. These plans show the buildings appearance and
details of its construction. Accompanying these plans are drawings of the structural
system; air-conditioning, heating, and ventilating systems; electrical systems;
communications systems; and plumbing. Sometimes, landscape plans are included
as well. In developing designs, architects must follow state and local building
codes, zoning laws, fire regulations, and other ordinances, such as those requiring
easy access to buildings for people who are disabled.
Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) and building information modeling
(BIM) have replaced traditional drafting paper and pencil as the most common
methods for creating designs and construction drawings. However, hand-drawing
skills are still required, especially during the conceptual stages of a project and
when an architect is at a construction site.
As construction continues, architects may visit building sites to ensure that
contractors follow the design, adhere to the schedule, use the specified materials,
and meet work-quality standards. The job is not complete until all construction is
finished, required tests are conducted, and construction costs are paid.
Architects may also help clients get construction bids, select contractors, and
negotiate construction contracts.
Architects often collaborate with workers in related occupations, such as civil
engineers, urban and regional planners, drafters, interior designers,
and landscape architects.

Important Qualities for Architects


Analytical skills. Architects must understand the content of designs and the
context in which they were created. For example, architects must understand the
locations of mechanical systems and how those systems affect building operations.

Communication skills. Architects share their ideas, both in oral presentations


and in writing, with clients, other architects, and workers who help prepare
drawings. Many also give presentations to explain their ideas and designs.

Creativity. Architects design the overall look of houses, buildings, and other
structures. Therefore, the final product should be attractive and functional.

Organizational skills. Architects often manage contracts. Therefore, they must


keep records related to the details of a project, including total cost, materials used,
and progress.

Technical skills. Architects need to use CADD technology to create plans as part
of building information modeling (BIM).

Visualization skills. Architects must be able to see how the parts of a structure
relate to each other. They also must be able to visualize how the overall building
will look once

Roles and Responsibilities


"Lead and develop projects from early concept through design development"
"Prepare drawings, specifications and construction documents"
"Design and document commercial and industrial building projects"
"Consult with client to determine client's needs and wants"
"Coordinate preliminary architectural studies for major new structures and
alterations to existing structures and site development"
"Organize and manage permit documents"
"Work with teams across business lines, in remote locations, and coordinate
with subcontractors"
"Resolve complex design issues with innovative and practical solutions"
"Modify existing plans and elevations to fit client and sales needs"

Work Environment for Architects


Architects spend much of their time in offices, where they meet with clients,
develop reports and drawings, and work with other architects and engineers. They
also visit construction sites to ensure clients objectives are met and to review the
progress of projects. Some architects work from home offices.

Architect Work Schedules


Most architects work full time and many work additional hours, especially when
facing deadlines. Self-employed architects may have more flexible work schedules.

How to Become an Architect


There are typically three main steps to becoming a licensed architect: completing a
professional degree in architecture, gaining relevant experience through a paid
internship, and passing the Architect Registration Examination.

Architect Education
How long does it take to complete BS in Architecture in the Philippines?
Normally, the BSArchi takes 5 years to complete. Universities which go by the
Trimester school calendar require less time to finish the course.

On The Job Training / Internship


CHED Memorandum Order no.61 mandates that Schools of Architecture shall
have an active and organized program for on-the-job and diversified training for its

students which shall include: assistance in organizing student employer interviews;


maintenance of a job-available card file with an index of potential local employers;
and if needed, assistance to employers, and fast transfer of students' academic
transcripts to speed up the employment process.

The Board Exam


An Architecture graduate needs to take and pass the Architectural Licensure
Examination (ALE) before he/she can practice as a Licensed Architect. The
examination is conducted by the Board of Architectureunder the supervision of the
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC). It is scheduled twice a year in the
months of January and May.
The licensure examination for Architects shall cover the following subjects:
History and Theory of Architecture; Principles of Planning and Architectural
Practice; Structural Design, Building Materials, Urban Design and Architectural
Interiors; and Architectural Design and Site Planning and Architectural
Specifications, and Methods of Construction and Utilities. (source, sec.14)
Most Architecture students who completed the regular 5-year course opt to review
for several months before the January licensure exam. However, those who
finished the course on irregular timeframe typically choose the March examination
date. Review programs are usually provided for by the school. However, some
students decide on enrolling at specialized review centers.

Career opportunities for BS Archi graduates


o

Jobs for
passers)
o

licensed

Architects

(board

exam

Entry Level jobs


Jobs requiring no prior to minimal level of experience:
o
Junior Architect works in a construction firm and are
involved with designing new buildings, extensions or alterations to

existing buildings, or advising on the restoration and conservation of


old properties.
o
Junior Design Architect works under the senior design
architect and helps in rendering and building proto-types to
demonstrate design concepts
o
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) or Computer-Aided Design
and Draft (CADD) Architect uses CAD systems application to
create electronic versions of the technical drawings and design plans
for buildings and machinery.
o
Building Surveyors often work on preventative measures to
keep buildings in good condition and look to make buildings
sustainable.
o
Advanced Positions
Require years of extensive experience and practice:
o
Principal Architect a licensed architect who owns an
architecture firm or one who shares an ownership interest with the
other architects in the firm.
o
Architectural project manager work closely with the
construction project manager and coordinate the work of the design
team and manage communication with the client. The issues of
budget, scheduling, and quality-control are the responsibility of the
Project Manager in an architect's office.
o
Architectural Technologists are architectural specialists who
turn the concept into reality in the completed construction. Concerned
with the technical side of design, ensure that an attractive functional
building performs successfully by making sure that the right materials
are used and that building regulations are met.
o
Building Conservation Officer advises on and promotes the
protection of the historic environment and, in particular, its long-term
care, preservation and enhancement of enlisted buildings within
conservation areas.
o
Senior Design Architect have experience in strategic master
planning, and is responsible for managing assigned architecture

projects, including development of concept drawings and designs, and


meeting client expectations, while ensuring work is within project
scope, meets the project schedule deadlines and is within budget.
o
Architecture Researcher researches, designs and develops
solutions to highly complex and technical issues, designs system
architecture, workflows, data flows and databases; recommends
solutions to highly complex problems to provide technical direction
on systems analysis, design, development and testing.
o
Academician architects who are faculty members,
instructors, and professors in an institution that offers Architectural
course

Jobs for Non Board Passers:


Intern Architect or architectural intern is a person who has
successfully completed a professional degree in architecture and works
under the supervision of a licensed architect and preparing for
professional registration exams or licensure as an architect.
o
AutoCAD Operator or Technician uses computer software to help
Architects and Engineers to prepare blueprints and drawings. These are
very significant in creating a whole lot of products, which include
manufactured items, structures and buildings.
o
Industrial Product Designers create a wide range of items, from
everyday products, such as mobile phones, household appliances and cars,
to larger items, such as industrial tools, equipment and machinery
o

Jobs not related to architecture that graduates


can apply to:
Call center agent answers phone calls and inquiries of clients and
provides customer support, usually to people from other countries
o
Administrative Staff personnel responsible for the organization and
management of office duties and tasks; positions that include office
secretary, personal assistant and office clerk
o

Freelancer working online doing online jobs for clients abroad,


such as data entry, article writing, SEO, customer support, administrative
support etc., which mainly depends on your skills

Career Opportunities Abroad:


There are plenty of job opportunities overseas for Filipino Architects,
Draftsman, AutoCAD Operators and other Architectural related positions are
available in East Asia, Australia and the Middle East.

Salary
Position Level
Assitant Manager/ Manager
Supervisor / 5 Years & Up Experienced Employee
1-4 Years Experienced Employee

Min
(Peso)
24,00
0
20,00
0
15,00
0

Average Max
(Peso)
(Peso)
35,000 40,000
24,000

26,000

18,000

20,000

Advancement for Architects


After many years of work experience, some architects advance to
become architectural and engineering managers. These managers typically
coordinate the activities of employees and may work on larger construction
projects.

Famous Filipino Architects and their Contributions


The architecture of the Philippines, reflects the countrys complex cultural identity.
Colonized first by Spain, thenJapan and finally America, Filipinos joke that they
spent 400 years in a convent, five in a prison camp and 45 in Hollywood. This
complexity finds its creative expression in the work of these six post-war architects,
whose vision captured a countrys history while looking to the regions future.
Juan Marcos Arellano y De Guzmn, was a Filipino architect, best known
for Manila'sMetropolitan Theater (1935), Legislative Building(1926; now houses
the National Museum of the Philippines), the Manila Central Post Office Building
(1926), the Central Student Church (today known as the Central United Methodist
Church, 1932) the Negros Occidental Provincial Capitol (1936), the Cebu
Provincial Capitol (1937), the Bank of the Philippine Islands Cebu Main Branch
(1940),Misamis Occidental Provincial Capitol Building (1935) and the Jones
Bridge.
Leandro Locsin, was in some ways a quintessential Renaissance
man. A brilliant architect, interior designer, artist and classically
trained pianist, Locsin was also a keen art collector, amassing a
sizable collection of fine Chinese art and ceramics during his
lifetime. It is for his buildings, however, that he is remembered.
From airport terminals to memorial chapels, arts centers to stock
exchange structures, Locsin left his mark on the urban landscape
of the Philippines.

Ildefonso P Santos, was the

father of Philippine landscape architecture,


Ildefonso Paez Santos, or IP Santos as he was known, created some of the bestloved urban spaces in the Philippines. Landscape architecture, which deals with
parks, plazas and green spaces, was a little-considered element of urban planning in
the first half of the 20th century. However, Santos changed that, carrying out
pioneering work that, after four decades in the profession, led him to become
National Artist for Architecture in 2006. One of his earliest successful projects was

the Makati Commercial Center, an outdoor shopping mall in which the shop fronts
and walkways were interspersed with garden trails, fountains and public artworks.
This led him to be commissioned to revitalize Manilas Paco Park, the work for which
he is perhaps best remembered. A former Spanish cemetery and Japanese
ammunitions store, the park was transformed into a national park in 1966. Between
1967-1969 Santos revived the parks grounds, incorporating the original park
structures, including memorial sites and fortification
walls, into a space for urban recreation.

Pablo Antonio, was one of the first exponents of modernist


architecture in the Philippines, Pablo Antonio (1901-1975) is
revered as a pioneer and the foremost architect of his time. This
success was perhaps unexpected for a boy who was orphaned at
12 and dropped out of his first architecture degree. It was during
his studies at the University of London that Antonio began to
shine, completing a five-year program in only three years. He
went on to revolutionize popular architecture in the Philippines,
eschewing the fashionable neo-classical style for his own version
of art deco. Antonio was acutely aware of the demands made on
architecture by the unforgiving Filipino climate. Buildings such as
the Galaxy Theatre, the Far Eastern University and the Manila Polo
Club display practical innovations such as natural ventilation
systems and sunscreens, rendered in Antonios signature style:
clean lines, strong shapes and simplicity. As Antonios son Pablo Jr
explains, for our father, every line must have a meaning, a
purpose. For him, function comes first before elegance and form.

Juan Nakpil, was the son of veterans of the Philippine Revolution, Juan Nakpil (1899
1986) was committed to the belief that architecture built in the Philippines should reflect its
culture and people. In his early career, Nakpil spent time studying in the United
States and France, absorbing the lessons of international architecture. When he returned to
Manila in the mid-1920s, Nakpil applied his new-found knowledge to Filipino structures. He
worked on the restoration of the home of national hero Jose Rizal and, like Locsin, took
inspiration from traditional stilt houses, remaking them in cantilevered concrete on a mammoth

scale. His own holiday home was designed along these lines, combining traditional nipa roofing
made out of natural materials with a poured concrete base.

Francisco

Maosa, Francisco Bobby Maosa has been challenging


architectural convention in his native country for five decades. He displayed an
artistic temperament from an early age and remained a keen painter throughout his
life. Along with his three brothers, Maosa eventually chose to pursue architecture,
and before long became the outspoken champion of indigenous architecture,
popularizing the idea of Philippine architecture for Filipinos. Maosas distinctive
style, known as Contemporary Tropical Filipino Architecture, is a heady mixture of
seemingly incongruous elements. Coconut lumber, rattan, shell, thatch and even
indigenous textiles are juxtaposed with hypermodern materials: metal, glass,
concrete. The Coconut Palace at the Cultural Center of the Philippines complex
typifies Manosas style. Its coconut gourd roof, coconut shell chandelier and
pineapple fiber bedcovers are infused with technological innovation for the modern
era. In 2009 Maosa was designated a National Artist in Architecture.

Carlos A. Santos-Viola, was an

urbane young man who enjoyed lawn tennis


and playing the saxophone, Carlos Santos-Viola was also a gifted architect. He was a
devout Catholic throughout his life, and many of his best known designs were
executed for the Iglesia Ni Cristo, a Filipino religious group. Santos-Viola created
churches for the group all over the archipelago, designed in a style quite distinct
from that of his contemporaries. Instead of the monumentalism of Leandro Locsin or
the art deco simplicity of Pablo Antonio, Santos-Viola chose to incorporate Gothic
and Baroque elements into his modern churches.The Central Temple he built for the
Iglesia Ni Cristo shows these revivalist flourishes working in harmony with SantosViolas passion for geometric shapes and, perhaps more than anything else,
functionality. The desire for functionality informed almost all of Santos-Violas work,
and he was fond of asserting that, the structure must not only look good but must
also be made well.

Anda mungkin juga menyukai