UNIT 1: LEARNING VOCABULARY - GENERAL ADVICE

Basics facts:
- The most common words in English are the grammar words which
-

you already know.

There are many other words in English you dont need at all.
There are other words that you need simply to understand when

you read or hear them.

There are words which you need to be able to use yourself.

WE HAVE TO PUT THE EMPHASIS in last group.

Coin has two meanings: first, to make (things) by stamping metal; and second,
to invent.
Register: its related to the range of USE.
Things (important) related to a new word:
-

Which words are normally associated with.

Grammatical characteristics.
Pronunciation.
Formal neutral or informal?

Some advices about this:

-

Learn words in phrases.

Establish a relationship between them.
Note any special characteristics of the word.

Up to my ears: deeply involved, estar hasta el cuello de trabajo.

UNIT 2: LEARNING VOCABULARY - AIDS TO

LEARNING
Some tips about the process of learning:
-

Learn
Learn
Learn
Using

words with associated meanings together. Networks of words.

words with grammatical association together.
together words based on the same root.
pictures and diagrams. Word Trees, bubble networks pictures.

Single-handed: working by myself, without help.

Give me a hand: help somebody, asking for.
Handy: accessful, practical, useful.
Handy with sth: habilidoso con algo.
Liver: Higado.
Kidneys: Riones
Lungs: Pulmones.
Star in: protagonizada.
Breath-taking: impresionante hermoso imponente (dicho de un spectaculo o
vista)
Superb: excellent or magnificent.
Get over an illness: Recuperarse de una enfermedad.
Get out of my sight: fuera de mi vista.
Get through on the phone: reach sb on phone.

UNIT 3: ORGANISING A VOCABULARY NOTEBOOK.

The book recommends you to keep a personal vocabulary notebook. You have
to pay attention to how you are going to organize the notebook.
Different ways :
-

Organising words by meaning. For example: words for feelings.

Using various types of diagrams. For example: word trees and bubble

networks.
Organising by word-class. Attending to nouns, verbs, adjetives phrases.
When you find a synonym or antonym put together the other word.

Coach: Vagn de pasajeros.

Charter flight: vuelto charter.
Apex fare: Advance purchase excursion. A reduced airline or long-distance rail
fare that must be paid a specified numbers in advance.
Purchase : acquire.
Advance: por adelantado:
Excursion: viaje excursin .
Stalls: patio del teatro.

UNIT 4: THE NAME OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE WORDS.

The names are: ARTICLE, ADJECTIVE, NOUN, ADVERB, PREPOSITION,
CONJUCTION, PRONOUN AND GERUND.
Words relating to nouns: countable, uncountable, subject and object.
Words relating to verbs: infinitive, -ing form, past tense, past participle,
intransitive (not need object), transitive, regular and irregular.
Words relating to the construction of words: prefix, suffix, opposite antonym,
word family.
Words relating to pronunciation: Syllable, stress. E.g., there are five syllables in
the word monosyllabic and the stress is on the fourth syllable.
Words and their associations: Slang, referred to a very informal style; colloquial,
its suitable for mainly conversations; Pejorative, collocation.
Words describing punctuation: . full stop , comma ; semi-colon
apostrophe ? question mark ! exclamation mark ( ) brackets
commas - hyphen _ dash or underscore.

Lavatory (colloquial) = toilet = loo (lavabo)

Chat = converse
Violin = fiddle
Tolerate = put up with
Chap = man
Thrifty = ahorrativo
Cunning = astucia (bad connotations)
Shrewd = perspicaz

inverted