Biologi Umum
SEL
Dosen Pengampu : Okto Supratman
Pendahuluan Sel
Sel merupakan
materi yang paling
sederhana yang bisa
hidup dalam jenjang
organisasi biologis
Sel tersusun dari
organel-organel sel.
Seperti; kloroplas,
dinding sel, Ribosom,
Nukleus.
Unaided eye
Human height
Length of some
nerve and
muscle cells
0.1 m
Chicken egg
1 cm
Light microscope
Frog egg
100 m
Most plant
and Animal cells
10 m
Nucleus
Most bacteria
Mitochondrion
1m
100 nm
Smallest bacteria
Viruses
10 nm
Measurements
1 centimeter (cm) = 102 meter (m) = 0.4 inch
1 millimeter (mm) = 103 m
1 micrometer (m) = 103 mm = 106 m
1 nanometer (nm) = 103 mm = 109 m
Ribosomes
Proteins
1 nm
Lipids
Small molecules
0.1 nm
Atoms
Electron microscope
1 mm
Electron microscope
1m
Prokaryot
Eukariot
Sel Prokariot
Bacterial
chromosome
Sel Eukariot
Eukaryotic cells
Have
Sel Hewan
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
NUCLEUS
Chromatin
Flagelium
Centrosome
CYTOSKELETON
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Ribosomes
Microtubules
Microvilli
Golgi apparatus
Peroxisome
Mitochondrion
Lysosome
Sel Tumbuhan
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Chromatin
NUCLEUS
Centrosome
Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum
Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Central vacuole
Tonoplast
Golgi apparatus
Microfilaments
Intermediate
filaments
CYTOSKELETON
Microtubules
Mitochondrion
Peroxisome
Plasma membrane
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Plasmodesmata
Wall of adjacent cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Selaput nukleus :
Membran dalam
Membran luar
Pori Nukleus
Kompleks pori
Retikulum endoplasma (RE) Kasar
Permukaan selaput nukleus .
1 m
Ribosome
0.25 m
Tampak dekat
selaput nukleus
Ribosom merupakan kompleks yang terbuat dari RNA ribosom dan protein
Ribosom sebagai komponen seluler yang berfungsi mensintesis protein
Ribosomes
Cytosol
Ribosom bebas
Ribosom terikat
Large
subunit
0.5 m
TEM showing ER and ribosomes
Small
subunit
Diagram of a ribosome
Smooth ER
Nuclear
envelope
Rough ER
ER lumen
Cisternae
Ribosomes
Transport vesicle
Smooth ER
Transitional ER
Rough ER
200 m
Aparatus Golgi
cis face
(receiving side of
Golgi apparatus)
1 Vesicles move
2 Vesicles coalesce to
6 Vesicles also
form new cis Golgi cisternae
from ER to Golgi
transport certain
Cisternae
proteins back to ER
3 Cisternal
maturation:
Golgi cisternae
move in a cisto-trans
direction
trans face
(shipping side of
Golgi apparatus)
0.1 0 m
Lisosom kantong bermembran yang berisi enzimenzim hidrolitik yang digunakan oleh sel hewan untuk
mencerna makromolekul
Lisosom melaksanakan pencernaan melalui dua cara
yaitu
Fagositosis
Autofagi
Mitochondrion
Intermembrane space
Outer
membrane
Free
ribosomes
in the
mitochondrial
matrix
Inner
membrane
Cristae
Matrix
Mitochondrial
DNA
100 m
The chloroplast
Is a specialized member of a family of closely
related plant organelles called plastids
Contains chlorophyll
Chloroplasts
Chloroplast
Ribosomes
Stroma
Chloroplast
DNA
Proksisom : Oksidasi
1 m
Figure 6.20
0.25 m
Microfilaments
TERIMAKASIH