People learn for specific objectives: cognitive, affective and psychomotor objective.

objective of the
learning process

cognitive
Knowledge

affective

psychomotor

Attitude

Skills

We have 6 levels of cognitive learning

knowledge

comprehation

application

analysis

synthesis

evaluation

recall and remebring of information

(remembring)
understand an information (understanding)
apply what have been understood (applying)

analyze and break up an information

(analyzing)
built a new information into pattern (creating)

evaluate and judge the informatiion (evaluating)

Blooms taxonomy (Blooms cognitive domain)

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Sum up:
Learning objective domain
1. Cognitive ( knowledge)
2. Affective (feeling)
3. Psychomotor (doing)

Level of the cognitive objective

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
evaluation

knowledge
Learning doesnt come without a motivation. So what is motivation?

Motivation is a concept, the driving force that stimulate people to learn

There are many theories about the motivation of learning:

Expectancy-value theory: this is the expectancy of the success perceived and the incentive
value of a goal. Eg: We perceive a high expectancy to success in a task and an incentive value
to this task, so we do it.

Achievement motivation theory: the expectancy of success perceived, the incentive value and
the need to achievement are positives influences of motivation; the fear of failure is a negative
influence of motivation. Eg: do a task just to get 10 and avoid failure.

Self-efficacy theory: peoples judgment of the capability to carry out certain tasks. Believe that
you can or cannot do a task. Eg: Im capable to do this task so I try hard to succeed.

Attribution theory: perceived causes which influence future motivation. Eg: I did not succeed
to the task because I am not intelligent so it is a hinder for the future task.

Self-worth theory: people are motivated to enhance and protect their self-esteem. Eg: go to a
task that enhance my self-worth and avoid the one which will devoid my self esteem to
protect it.
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Goal setting theory: set a personal goal to be motivated to do it and this goal has to be specific
and challenging. Eg: I want to succeed in this module so I work on it.

Goal orientation theory: Is the nature of the goal and they are two: mastery of a goal (focusing
on skill development), performance goal (show skills) and intrinsic interest in learning
activities. Eg: learn to have knowledge and learn to pass the exam.

Self-determination theory: intrinsic motivation (motivation comes from inside the person) and
extrinsic motivation (motivation comes from outside the person). Eg: learn a language for
pleasure or learn a language for a specific purpose like communicate.

Social motivation: the environment influences the way you that you learn. Eg: if you are in a
family of intelligent people so you want to become like them.

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