Experiment No. 7
I.
Objectives
1. To be able to determine the type of intermolecular force of attraction
among the same molecules and among the molecules of the liquids in
the mixture.
2. To be able to correlate the intermolecular H-bonding with heat and
volume effects.
II.
+ equal (=)
warmer, exothermic
water
2. Ethanol + water lesser (<)
3. Acetone + water lesser (<)
4. Methanol
+ equal (=)
warmer, exothermic
warmer, exothermic
cooler, endothermic
ethanol
5. Methanol
cooler, endothermic
Solution B
1. Methanol
+ lesser (<)
acetone
6. Ethanol
+ equal (=)
cooler, endothermic
1 1. methanol + water; 2. ethanol + water; 3. acetone + water; 4. methanol +
acetone
ethanol; 5. methanol + acetone;
6. ethanol + acetone
at
room
temperature
III.
1.
Answers to Questions
Determine the type
of
intermolecular
of
force
IMF force
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
H-bonding
H-bonding
H-bonding
H-bonding
H-bonding
H-bonding
Methanol + water
Ethanol + water
Acetone + water
Methanol + ethanol
Methanol + acetone
Ethanol + acetone
H-bonding
H-bonding
dipole
H-bonding
dipole
dipole
The table shows that most of the IMF force are an interaction of
H-bonding and not as much dipole interaction where H-bonding is a
special type of dipole-dipole attraction which occurs when a hydrogen
atom is bonded to a strongly electronegative atom that exists in the
vicinity of another electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons
(Larsen, 2012), while, the dipole interaction according to Brown,
originates from electrostatic attractions between the partially positive
end of one molecule and partially negative end of a neighboring
molecule in which these attractions are effective only when molecules
are very close together. In summary, Hydrogen bond is stronger than
dipole bonds.
IV.
References
Brown, T., LeMay, E., Bursten, B., Murphy, C., & Woodward, P. (2014).
Periodic
cccProperties
of
the
Elements.
In Chemistry:
The
Central
from
ccchttp://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Physical_Properties_of
_Matter/Aomic_and_Molecular_Properties/Intermolecular_Forces/Intermolec
ular_Forces
Oldridge, N. (2013). Effects of Intermolecular Forces. Retrieved March 18,
2015, from ccccccchttp://lessons.chemistnate.com/effects-of-intermolecularforces.html
V.
Comments
Patience and tang of multi-tasking are the virtues in this experiment.