Basic Vocabulary on Mathematics

Vocabulario B
asico Matem
atico

ARITHMETIC

ARITMETICA

Numbers

N
umeros

natural, integer
exact or periodic decimal
rational, irrational, real, complex
positive, negative, zero
opposite, inverse
order from less to greater
multiple, divisor, prime, compound
Lowest Common Multiple
Highest Common Divisor
units, tens, tenths
hundreds, hundredths
thousands, thousandths

natural, entero
decimal exacto o periodico
racional, irracional, real, complejo
positivo, negativo, cero
opuesto, inverso
ordenar de menor a mayor
m
ultiplo, divisor, primo, compuesto
mnimo com
un m
ultiplo
Maximo Com
un Divisor
unidades, decenas, decimas
centenas, centesimas
millares (unidades de millar), milesimas

Measurements

Medidas

metre (US meter), litre, (US liter), gram

century, year, month, week
day, hour, minute, second
degree centigrade or Celsius (Fahrenheit)
inch, feet, yard, mile, league
pound, stone, gallon, ton

metro, litro, gramo

siglo, a
no, mes, semana
da, hora, minuto, segundo
grado centgrado o Celsius (Fahrenheit)
pulgada, pie, yarda, milla, legua
libra, piedra, galon, tonelada

Fractions

Fracciones

numerator, denominator
equivalent fractions
compare fractions
simplify (reduce) fractions
irreducible or reduced form fraction
fraction in lowest terms
amplify fractions
reduce to the Lowest Common Denominator
turn the fraction upside-down
reciprocal fraction

numerador, denominador
fracciones equivalentes
comparar fracciones
simplificar (reducir) fracciones
fraccion irreducible

amplificar fracciones
reducir a com
un denominador
invertir la fraccion
fraccion inversa

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Operations

Operaciones

plus, minus
add, addition, sum
a plus b add up to (or make) c
substract or take away, substraction
times or dot, divided by
multiply (by), divide (by)
multiplicaction, division
product, quotient
factors (in a product)
factor into primes
dividend, divisor, quotient, remainder
square, cube (root)
power (of), exponents
to square, to cube
(to raise) to the power of four
mixed or combined operations
rules for order of operations
perform the calculations
calculations inside parentheses

mas, menos
sumar, adicion o suma, suma
a mas b suman (hacen) c
restar o quitar, substraccion o resta
por, dividido por
multiplicar (por), dividir (por)
multiplicacion, division
producto, cociente
factores (de un producto)
descomponer en factores primos o factorizar
dividendo, divisor, cociente, resto
(raz) cuadrada, c
ubica
potencia, exponentes
elevar al cuadrado, elevar al cubo
(elevar) a la cuarta potencia
operaciones combinadas
jerarqua de las operaciones
realizar los calculos
operaciones dentro del parentesis

Proportionality

Proporcionalidad

magnitude, relationship
proportion, ratio, equivalent fractions
directly (inversely) proportional
reduction to unit method
rule of three
percentage
percentage increase (decrease)
constant

magnitud, relacion
proporcion, razon, fracciones equivalentes
directamente (inversamente) proporcional
metodo de reduccion a la unidad
regla de tres
porcentaje
aumento (disminucion) porcentual
constante

Sequences

Sucesiones

terms of the sequence

nth term
arithmetic sequence
geometric progression
previous (successive) term
difference, ratio, constant
sum of the first n terms

terminos o elementos de la sucesion

termino n-esimo o general
progresion aritmetica
progresion geometrica
termino anterior (siguiente)
diferencia, razon, constante
suma de los n primeros terminos

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GEOMETRY

GEOMETRIA

Basic Elements

Elementos basicos

point, line, segment or segment line

parallel, intersecting, perpendicular
length, height, width

punto, lnea (recta), segmento

paralelas, secantes, perpendiculares
longitud, altura, anchura

Angles

Angulos

measure of the angle, degrees

acute, right, obtuse, straight
convex, concave
reflex, full rotation
angle relationship
complementary, supplementary
adjacent, vertical, corresponding
pairs of equal angles

medida del angulo, grados

agudo, recto, obtuso, llano
convexo, concavo
entre 180 y 360 , completo (360 )
angulos relacionados
complementarios, suplementarios
adyacentes, opuestos, correspondientes
par de angulos iguales

Triangles

Triangulos

isosceles, scalene, equilateral

acute, right, obtuse
cathetus, catheti or legs, hypotenuse
opposite side, height, median

isosceles, escaleno, equilatero

acutangulo, rectangulo, obtusangulo
cateto, catetos, hipotenusa
lado opuesto, altura, mediana

Quadrilaterals

Cuadrilateros

parallelograms, rectangles, squares

rhombus, rhombs or rhombi, rhomboids
trapeziums, trapezoids

paralelogramos, rectangulos, cuadrados

rombo, rombos, romboides
trapecios, trapezoides

Polygons

Polgonos

plane figures, vertex, diagonal

sides or edges, midpoint, apotheme
regular, not regular, perimeter, area
pentagon, hexagon, heptagon
octagon, enneagon, decagon,
hendecagon, dodecagon

figuras planas, vertice, diagonal

lados, punto medio, apotema
regular, irreglar, permetro, area
pentagono, hexagono, heptagono
octagono, nonagono (eneagono), decagono
endecagono, dodecagono

Circular figures and conics

Figuras circulares y conicas

circle, circumference
center, radius, radii
diameter, chord, arch
ellipse, parabola, hyperbola
focus, focuses

crculo, circunferencia
centro, radio, radios
diametro, cuerda, arco
elipse, parabola, hiperbola
foco, focos

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Solid (three-dimensional figure)

Cuerpos (Geometricos)

surface area, volume

parallelepipeds, prisms, pyramids
cylinders, cones, spheres
base, edge, face, generatrix
right triangular prism (e.g.)
polyhedron, polyhedra
platonic solid (convex regular polihedra)
tetrahedron, hexahedron or cube
octahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron

superficie (area), volumen

paraleleppedos, prismas, piramides
cilindros, conos, esferas
base, arista, cara, generatriz
(p.e.) Prisma recto triangular
poliedro, poliedros
solidos platonicos (poliedros regulares)
tetraedro, hexaedro o cubo
octaedro, dodecaedro, icosaedro

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ALGEBRA

ALGEBRA

Algebraic expressions

Expresiones algebraicas

monomials, binomials, polynomials

terms, like terms
constants, variables, grade
coefficient of the variable
value of the expression
value of the polynomial
properties
commutative, associative, distributive

monomios, binomios, polinomios

terminos, terminos semejantes
constantes, variables, grado
coeficiente de la variable
valor de la expresion
valor del polinomio
propiedades
conmutativa, asociativa, distributiva

Equations

Ecuaciones

equals (sign)
each side of the equation
left side and right side (of the equation)
terms in the equation
linear or first grade equations
cuadratic or second grade equation
isolate the unknown variable
solve the equation

(signo) igual
cada miembro de la ecuacion
primer y segundo miembro (de la ecuacion)
terminos de la ecuacion
ecuaciones lineales o de primer grado
ecuaciones cuadraticas o de segundo grado
despejar la incognita
resolver la ecuacion

ANALYSIS

ANALISIS

Functions

Funciones

independent (dependent) variable

x (y) axis, scale
domain, image
maximum, minimum
relative, absolute
increase, decrease
trends, infinity
branch, asymptote
period, periodic, interval
proportional function
linear functions
slope
axis cross points
point-slope equation

variable independiente (dependiente)

eje x (y), escala
dominio, imagen
maximo, mnimo
relativo, absoluto
crecimiento, decrecimiento
tendencias, infinito
rama, asntota
periodo, periodico, intervalo
funcion de proporcionalidad
funciones lineales
pendiente
puntos de corte con los ejes
ecuacion punto-pendiente

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STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

ESTADISTICA Y PROBABILIDAD

Statistics

Estadstica

population, sample, individual

statistics variable, data
discrete or continuous quantitative
qualitative
frequency table, tally
mean, mode, median
standard deviation
bar chart (bar graph)
histogram, frequency polygon
pie chart

poblacion, muestra, individuo

variable estadstica, datos
cuantitativa discreta o continua
cualitativa
tabla de frecuencias, recuento
media, moda, mediana
desviacion tpica
diagrama de barras
histograma, polgono de frecuencias
diagrama de sectores

Probability

Probabilidad

random experiment
outcome
equally likely outcomes
sample space
event
Toss a coin
heads and tails
draw a card
throw a dice
deck (of cards), suit
clubs, gold coins, cups, swords
chess, pawn, King, Queen
Bishop, Knight, Rook
marble, siblings

experimento aleatorio
suceso elemental
sucesos equiprobables
espacio muestral
suceso (compuesto)
lanzar una moneda (para sortear)
cara y cruz
sacar una carta
tirar un dado
baraja (de cartas), palo (de la baraja)
bastos, oros, copas, espadas
ajedrez, peon, Rey, Dama
Alfil, Caballo, Torre
canica (bola), hermanos y hermanas

MISCELLANEOUS

MISCELANEA

example, homework
do the exercises
parentheses or brackets
word problems
step by step
check the solution

ejemplo, tarea para casa

hacer los ejercicios
parentesis (corchetes)
problemas con enunciado
paso a paso
comprobar la solucion

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