TRN 4010 003 02 - SG Ins - Exc - EN

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Mathcad Prime 3.0 Essentials
Authored and published using
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Copyright 2013 PTC Inc. and/or Its Subsidiary Companies. All Rights Reserved.
User and training guides and related documentation from PTC Inc. and its subsidiary companies (collectively
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PTC Inc., 140 Kendrick Street, Needham, MA 02494 USA
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PRINTING HISTORY
Document No.
TRN-4010-M02-EN-LM-P01
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Printed in the U.S.A
Date
10/21/2013
Description
Initial Printing of:
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Before the end of the class, your instructor will review the map corresponding to the course you
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For Students: How to Use this Course Handbook

Guide Layout
The information in this guide is organized as topics to aid students in finding information after the
class is complete. Each topic is divided into the following sections:
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Concept this section contains the initial introduction to the topic and is presented during the
class lecture.
Theory this sections provides detailed information introduced in the Concept.
Procedure This section provides step-by-step instructions on how to complete the topic within
MATHCAD. Procedures are short, focused, and simple exercises that cover the specific
topics to which they apply. Procedures are found in this Student Handbook only. Not every topic
has a Procedure as there are knowledge topics that can not be exercised.
Exercise Exercises are longer than procedures, and may cover multiple topics, so not every
topic will have an associated exercise. Exercises are typically more involved and use more
complicated models. Exercises are found in the printed Exercise Guide and the online exercise
HTML files.
Additionally, these topics are organized into modules. Except for the first module, all modules are
grouped to keep similar functionality together.
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The first module is a process module. In this module, you will find the generic process used to solve
the common types of Behavioral Modeling problems.
Training Agenda
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13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
3-D Plotting
Boolean Conditions
Symbolics
Solving
Optimization
Differential Equations
Programming
Data Exchange
Data Analysis
Project Day 2
Challenge Exercise Solutions
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Getting Started
Documenting and Formatting
Entering and Editing Math
Variables
Functions
Range Variables
Controlling Calculations
Vectors and Matrices
Units
2-D Plotting
Project Day 1
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
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Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Day 1
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Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Module
Day 2
Table of Contents
Entering and Editing Math ........................................................................................................... 3-1

Typing Math ........................................................................................................................ 3-2
Typing Math ........................................................................................................................ 3-3
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Variables ...................................................................................................................................... 4-1

Defining and Evaluating a Variable........................................................................................ 4-2
Functions..................................................................................................................................... 5-1
Define and Evaluate a Function ............................................................................................ 5-2
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Range Variables........................................................................................................................... 6-1

Using a Range Variable........................................................................................................ 6-2
Using A Range Variable ....................................................................................................... 6-4
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Vectors and Matrices ................................................................................................................... 8-1

Defining and Extracting Elements from an Array .................................................................... 8-2
Using Arrays ....................................................................................................................... 8-5
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Units ............................................................................................................................................ 9-1

Using Units ......................................................................................................................... 9-2
Using Units ......................................................................................................................... 9-3
Using Temperature Units...................................................................................................... 9-5
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2-D Plotting................................................................................................................................ 10-1

Plotting Functions in 2-D .................................................................................................... 10-2
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Project Day 1........................................................................................................................... 11-1

Structural Engineering Project Day 1................................................................................ 11-2
Mechanical Engineering Project Day 1 ............................................................................. 11-6
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3-D Plotting................................................................................................................................ 12-1

Plotting Multiple Traces ...................................................................................................... 12-2
Plotting Multiple Traces ...................................................................................................... 12-5
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Boolean Conditions ................................................................................................................... 13-1

Using Piecewise Continuous Functions ............................................................................... 13-2
Using Piecewise Continuous Functions ............................................................................... 13-4
Symbolics.................................................................................................................................. 14-1
Symbolic Calculation.......................................................................................................... 14-2
Symbolic Calculation.......................................................................................................... 14-4
Solving ...................................................................................................................................... 15-1
Solving for Roots of Equations............................................................................................ 15-2
Solving for Roots of Equations............................................................................................ 15-4
Numerically Solving Systems of Linear Equations ................................................................ 15-5
Numerically Solving Systems of Nonlinear Equations ........................................................... 15-8
Optimization .............................................................................................................................. 16-1

Constrained Optimization ................................................................................................... 16-2
Differential Equations ................................................................................................................ 17-1
Ordinary Differential Equations ........................................................................................... 17-2
Programming............................................................................................................................. 18-1
Looping Constructs............................................................................................................ 18-2
Looping Constructs............................................................................................................ 18-5
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Data Analysis............................................................................................................................. 20-1

Interpolating Data .............................................................................................................. 20-2
Regressing Data................................................................................................................ 20-3
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Project Day 2........................................................................................................................... 21-1

Structural Engineering Project Day 2................................................................................ 21-2
Mechanical Engineering Project Day 2 ............................................................................. 21-3
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Challenge Exercise Solutions..................................................................................................... A-1

Typing Math: Solution ......................................................................................................... A-2
Define and Evaluate a Function: Solution............................................................................. A-4
Using a Range Variable: Solution ........................................................................................ A-5
Using Arrays: Solution ........................................................................................................ A-7
Using Units: Solution .......................................................................................................... A-9
Using Piecewise Continuous Functions: Solution.................................................................A-12
Solving for Roots of Equations: Solution .............................................................................A-14
Numerically Solving Systems of Nonlinear Equations: Solution.............................................A-15
Looping Constructs: Solution..............................................................................................A-18
Interpolating Data: Solution ................................................................................................A-20
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Module 3
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Entering and Editing Math
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Module 3 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Typing Math

Objectives
After successfully completing this exercise, you will be able to:
Type a mathematical expression in Mathcad.
Scenario
Task 1:
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Create the following expression:
Type a mathematical expression.
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2. Type 1.
Beginning with the next step, execute

each step sequentially without exiting
the Math region created.
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1. Click in a blank area of the worksheet.
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Select Division
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Operators
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operator.
3. Insert the Division
Select the Math tab.
In the Operators and Symbols group, click
Insert operators by selecting the Math
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, and
tab, clicking Operators
selecting the desired operator.
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4. Insert the Square Root and Nth Root

operator.
5. Type x+ y in the placeholder. To type the
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exponents, insert the Exponentiation

operator.
6. Press SPACEBAR to select the entire

expression. Insert the Multiplication
operator.
7. Type sin. Insert the Parentheses

operator.
8. Type x+ in the argument placeholder.
9. Type cos. Insert the Parentheses
10. Type x in the argument placeholder.
operator.
This completes the exercise.

Module 3 | Page 2
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Exercise 2: Typing Math (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Evaluate a mathematical expression in Mathcad.
Scenario
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Create and evaluate a double integral.

Insert the mathematical expression shown.
Task 1:
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1. Insert the shell of the expression.

2. Fill in the empty placeholders of the expression with the math shown.
To insert the Greek letters, you can use the keyboard shortcuts. Alternately, you can
in the Operators and Symbols group, and
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select the Math tab, click Symbols

select the desired Greek letter.
3. When the entire expression has been inserted, evaluate it numerically.
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Module 3 | Page 3
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Module 3 | Page 4
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Variables
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Module 4
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Module 4 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Defining and Evaluating a Variable

Objectives
Define an expression.
Evaluate an expression.
Retroactively assign a variable name to an expression.
Evaluate a variable.
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Scenario
Create and evaluate the mathematical expression.
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Task 1:
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Type the expression shown, evaluate it, retroactively assign the expression to a variable, and
evaluate the variable.
and select Integral
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click Operators
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1. Click in a blank area of the worksheet. Select the

Math tab. In the Operators and Symbols group,
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2. Type 0 and in the limit placeholders.

To insert you can select the Math
, and select
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tab, click Constants

Pi
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3. Type in the expression as shown.
Module 4 | Page 2
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4. To evaluate the integral, click in the region and press =.
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1. Place the cursor on the left side of the expression, as shown.
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Retroactively assign the expression to a variable and evaluate the variable.
Task 2:
2. Select the Math tab. In the Operators and Symbols group, click Operators
.
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Definition
and select
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3. Type Var in the placeholder and click outside of the region.
4. To evaluate the variable separately, click in a

blank space in the worksheet below or to the
right of the variable definition. Type Var and
press =.
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Module 4 | Page 3
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Module 4 | Page 4
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Functions
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Module 5
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Module 5 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Define and Evaluate a Function

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
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Define a user-defined function.

Insert a built-in function.
Evaluate a function.
Scenario
Calculate the area of the parallelogram.
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Task 1:
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Calculate the area of the following parallelogram:
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1. Calculate the area of the parallelogram shown

using the values listed above. Note the angle
must be in radians.
The expression for area in terms of a, b, and ,
is shown.
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2. Assign the area expression to a user defined

function AREA with arguments a, b, and .
3. Evaluate the function using the values shown:
Module 5 | Page 2
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Range Variables
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Module 6
2013 PTC
Module 6 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Using a Range Variable

Objectives
Define and evaluate a range variable.
Use a range variable in a function calculation.
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You must define a range variable, y, going from -1 to 1 in increments of 0.5.
Scenario
Task 1:
You must also define a function and use the range variable in the function evaluation.
Define the range variable.
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Select Definition
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Operators
operator.
2. Insert the Definition
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1. Click in a blank area of the worksheet and type

the range variable name y.
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You can insert any operator by selecting

,
In
the Math tab, clicking Operators

and selecting the desired operator.
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3. Type the first value of the range followed by a

comma, -1,. Two placeholders and the Range
operator appear.
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4. Type the second value in the range, -0.5, in the

first placeholder, and type the last value in the
range, 1, in the second placeholder.
Task 2:
Define and evaluate the function.
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1. Define the function shown.
Module 6 | Page 2
2013 PTC
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2. Evaluate the function and range variable side-by-side.
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Module 6 | Page 3
Exercise 2: Using A Range Variable (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Define a range variable.

Evaluate a range variable.
Define and evaluate a function using a range variable.
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Scenario
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Evaluate the centerline deflection of a shaft that is loaded with a concentrated load at the center.
The load varies from 1 to 5 lbs in 0.2 lb increments.
Where:
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I = Moment of Inertia (in4)

I = 10.5
L = Length of the shaft (in)
L = 16
E = Modulus of Elasticity (psi)
E = 10 x 106
W = Load (lbs)
W varies from 1 to 5 lbs in 0.2 lb increments
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Do not use units in this exercise.
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Module 6 | Page 4
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Module 8
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Vectors and Matrices
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Module 8 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Defining and Extracting Elements from an

Array
Objectives
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Define and evaluate an array.

Extract columns from an array.
Recombine the columns to form a new array.
Scenario
Define a 3-by-3 array, M, whose elements are equal to the sum of their corresponding indices.
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After defining and evaluating array M, extract each of the three columns individually, assign each of
them to a variable, and then add them together, resulting in a vector MV.
Task 1:
Define and evaluate a 3-by-3 array M.
Remember to assign the built-in variable ORIGIN a value of 1.
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1. Define two range variables, i and j, for rows and

columns, going from 1 to 3 in increments of 1.
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operator.
Type i and insert the Definition
Type the range variable definition, 1..3, in the
placeholder.
Repeat to define the range variable j.
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You can also insert the range variable

symbol by selecting the Math tab,
, and selecting
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clicking Operators
Range
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2. Type the name of the array, M, and insert the

Matrix Index
operator.
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3. In the subscript placeholder, type i,j, representing

the rows and columns of the matrix.
operator.
5. Type the sum of the indices, i+j, in the

placeholder.
Module 8 | Page 2
2013 PTC
6. In a blank area of the worksheet, type M and

operator to evaluate
insert the Evaluation

the matrix.
operator.
operator.
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3. Insert the Matrix Column
2. Type the name of the array, M, in the placeholder.
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1. Type C1 and insert the Definition
Extract each column and assign it to a variable.
Task 2:
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Never include the range variable

subscripts when displaying an array.
The subscripts are not part of the
variable name and force Mathcad to
display the array in a table by stacking
the rows into a column.
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4. Type 1 in the placeholder to extract the first

column. Evaluate the variable C1.
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5. Repeat for columns 2 and 3, defining them as

C2 and C3.
Task 3:
Add the extracted columns together and assign the result to a new vector.
1. Type MV and insert the Definition
operator.
2. Type C1+C2+C3 in the placeholder.
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Module 8 | Page 3
3. Type MV and insert the Evaluation

to evaluate the vector MV.
operator
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Module 8 | Page 4
2013 PTC
Exercise 2: Using Arrays (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Define an array.
Evaluate a function using an array.
Create a new array containing the original array and the function results using the augment function.
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Scenario
When evaluating a function over a range, Mathcad creates two matrices. One contains the range
variable and one contains the function results. A single matrix containing both is a more desirable
output.
Create a single matrix containing t and the results of f(t).
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In the following exercise, define a range variable t, from 1 to 10 in increments of 0.5. Place the
range variable, t, in a matrix and use it in the following function:
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Module 8 | Page 5
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Module 8 | Page 6
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Units
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Module 9
2013 PTC
Module 9 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Using Units

Objectives
Apply units to a variable.

Evaluate a function using units.
Define a custom unit.
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Scenario
Define the resistance function and evaluate.
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Task 1:
Define a function for resistance using voltage (V) and current (i) as arguments. Evaluate this
function using variables with units assigned. Then define a custom unit and reevaluate the function
using this custom unit.
1. Define a function R1 (for resistance) which takes

V (voltage) and i (current) as arguments.
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2. Evaluate the function using V = 30V and i = 50

mA.
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3. Evaluate the function again using the same

arguments, but format the result such that the
units are not simplified.
Define a custom unit and reevaluate the function.
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Task 2:
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4. Evaluate the function using V = 100V and i = 15

mA. Display the result in k.
1. Define a custom unit for V = 10-6V.
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2. Evaluate the function for V = 20 V and i = 78

mA.
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Module 9 | Page 2
2013 PTC
Exercise 2: Using Units (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Define variables using units.
Scenario
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Study the deflection of a beam with both ends simply supported with a concentrated intermediate
load, W, applied a distance, a, from the left end of the beam.
Task 1:
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Define the beam properties and constants.
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1. Define the following beam properties and constants.
Define the reaction forces, moments, slopes, and deflections at the left and
right ends of the beam, denoted by A and B respectively.
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Task 2:
1. Define the following for the left (A) end of the beam:
2013 PTC
Module 9 | Page 3
Task 3:
Define a formula for the deflection of the beam and evaluate.
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2. Define the following for the right (B) end of the beam:
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1. Define the following formula for the deflection of the beam at point x, where 0 < x < L:
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The final term in the definition of y(x) is included when the Boolean term, x > a, is
true (or equal to 1 internally). Think of this term as an on/off switch.
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2. Calculate the deflection at x = L/2. Display the result in inches and millimeters.
3. Calculate a table of deflections for points along the beam, beginning at x = 0 ft and stopping
at x = L = 30 ft. Use a total of 51 points over the range. Display the result in inches and
millimeters.
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This example was adapted from the Mathcad electronic book Roark's Formulas
for Stress & Strain.
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Module 9 | Page 4
2013 PTC
Exercise 3: Using Temperature Units

Objectives
Define a temperature unit.
Rescale a temperature unit.
Task 1:
Define the initial variables.
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1. Define the ambient temperature in degrees

Celsius.
Use implied multiplication when
inserting degrees Celsius.
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2. Define the temperature rise per Watt.
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Calculate the temperature at which an electric component fails.
Scenario
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3. Define the maximum power rating in Watts.
Task 2:
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Define the temperature at which the component fails, and evaluate.
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1. Combine the three variables previously

defined to define the temperature at which the
component fails.
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2. Display the failure temperature in Kelvin,

degrees Celsius, and degrees Fahrenheit.
2013 PTC
Module 9 | Page 5
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2-D Plotting
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Module 10
2013 PTC
Module 10 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Plotting Functions in 2-D

Objectives
Plot functions in 2-D.
Scenario
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Task 1:
Plot a resonance curve as a family of curves for a forced mechanical system.

Define the function and the range of frequency.
1. Define the natural frequency of the system, .
Plot the function.
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1. Insert a 2-D plot region.

Select the Plots tab.
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Task 2:
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3. Define a range variable for the frequency,

, representing the plot range. Note the
incorporation of into the range.
In the Traces group, click Insert Plot
. A blank plot region
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Select XY Plot
appears.
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2. Define the function f(, ) shown, where:

represents the frequency of the system.
represents the damping coefficient.
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2. Type in the x-axis placeholder.
Module 10 | Page 2
2013 PTC
3. Click in the vertical placeholder. Insert four

additional placeholders.
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This exercise was adapted from:

Zill, Dennis G. and Michael R. Cullen.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics.
PWS Publishing Company, Boston:
1992. 197.
4. Type the function in the empty placeholders,

using five different values of , as shown in the
figure. Click outside of the plot region to display
the plot.
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four
In the Traces group. click Add Trace
times to add four additional placeholders.
2013 PTC
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Project Day 1
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Module 11
2013 PTC
Module 11 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Structural Engineering Project Day 1

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
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Define variables.
Define and use a table.
Create and evaluate equations.
Define range variables.
Use calculus operators.
Create a 2D plot.
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Scenario
In this project, you analyze a simply supported beam.
Calculate reactions, moment, slope, and deflection at the supports.
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Task 1:
Save the completed file. You will use it for the project in day 2.
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1. Define the following beam properties for the

beam shown using a table.
t=20.2 mm
h=903.3 mm
b=303.3 mm
s= 15.1 mm
Ix=325253 cm4
E=120 kN/mm2
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2. Define the dimensions and load for the beam

shown.
L=15 m
a= 5 m
W=18 kN
Module 11 | Page 2
2013 PTC
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3. Create the equations and calculate the reaction, moment, slope, and deflection at the left
support using the equations shown.
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4. Create the equations and calculate the reaction, moment, slope, and deflection at the right
support using the equations shown.
Task 2:
Calculate the deflection, slope, moment, and shear along the length of the beam.
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1. Calculate the deflection along the length of the beam using the equation shown.
2. Differentiate the deflection equation to derive

equation for slope as shown.
2013 PTC
Module 11 | Page 3

equation for moment as shown.
Plot the shear, moment, slope, and deflection along the length of the beam.
nl
Task 3:

equation for shear as shown.
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Calculate the average shear stress at the intersection between the flange
and the web at the location of maximum shear.
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Task 4:
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2. Plot the deflection and slope along the length

of the beam on a 2D plot. Format the plot as
shown.
1. Plot the shear and moment along the length

of the beam on a 2D plot. Format the plot as
shown.
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1. Assign the maximum shear force, Vmax equal to the reaction at the left support, R1.
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2. Calculate the first moment of the area, Q, using

the equations shown.
3. Calculate the average shear stress at the

intersection between the flange and the web
using the equation shown.
Module 11 | Page 4
2013 PTC
Task 5:
Format the Mathcad document with headers and footers.
1. In the header of the Mathcad document, type Structural Project: Beam Structural
Analysis.
2. In the footer of the document, insert the data and page number.
3. Save the completed file to use in day 2.
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2013 PTC
Module 11 | Page 5
Exercise 2: Mechanical Engineering Project Day 1

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
Define variables.
Create and evaluate equations.
Use operators.
Define range variables.
Create and use matrices.
Create a 2D plot.
nl
Scenario
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1. Define the following properties for the shaft.

Youngs Modulus, E = 210 GPA
Outer Diameter, D = 10 cm
Inner Diameter, d = 9 cm
Shaft Length, l = 1 m
Calculate the critical speed of the shaft.
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Task 1:
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In this project, you calculate the critical speed of a shaft bearing with an asymmetrical load, and
how the critical speed varies with load location.
Save the completed file. You will use it for the project in day 2.
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2. Define the following load properties for the shaft

shown.
Mass, M = 10 kg
Load Location, a = 50 cm
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3. Calculate the critical speed of the shaft using the equations shown.
Task 2:
Calculate how the critical speed varies with load position and plot the results.
1. Calculate the critical speed of the shaft with changes on load position.
2. Plot the load location vs. critical speed of the shaft.
Module 11 | Page 6
2013 PTC
Task 3:
Format the Mathcad document with headers and footers.
1. In the header of the Mathcad document, type Mechanical Project: Critical Speed of Shaft
Bearing.
2. In the footer of the document, insert the data and page number.
3. Save the completed file to use in day 2.
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2013 PTC
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3-D Plotting
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Module 12
2013 PTC
Module 12 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Plotting Multiple Traces

Objectives
Plot data on a 3-D plot.
Plot a function on a 3-D plot.
Format a 3-D plot.
Scenario
Define the function and data to plot.
Task 1:
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Plot a set of data and plot a surface that passes through the data points. The plots are formatted
such that the prominent features of both appear.
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2. Define the data for the scatter plot, as shown.
Plot the data and function on the same plot.
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Task 2:
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It is possible to save vertical space in a document by transposing a matrix.
1. Insert a 3D plot region.

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In the Traces group, click Insert Plot

. A blank plot region
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Select 3D Plot
appears.
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2. Type the matrix name, Data, in the placeholder.

3. Add a second trace.
. A
In the Traces group, click Add Trace
second placeholder appears.
Type the function name only, S, with no
arguments, in the placeholder. Click outside
the plot to display the plots.
A QuickPlot always appears over the
default domain of 10 to 10 for the
independent variables.
Module 12 | Page 2
2013 PTC
Format the plot.
Task 3:
1. Enlarge the plot symbols for the matrix plot.

Click in the plot region and select the first
trace, Data.
In the Styles group, click Trace Thickness
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2. Change the plot domain.

Click the x-axis in the axis selector. The
x-axis in the axis selector and in the plot are
highlighted in blue.
Click the tick mark values and edit them to
range from 0 to 3 in steps of 1.
Click the y-axis in the axis selector. The
y-axis in the axis selector and in the plot are
highlighted in blue.
Click the tick mark values and edit them to
range from 0 to 3 in steps of 1.
3. Click outside the region to view the modified plot.
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and select a thicker trace.

Rotate the plot to view the data points, if
necessary.
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4. Edit the color and fill of the surface plot.

Click in the plot region and select the second
trace, S.
In the Styles group, click Trace Color
and select red.
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In the Styles group, click Surface Fill

and select red.
5. Click outside the region.
2013 PTC
Module 12 | Page 3
6. Hide the axis expressions.

Click in the plot region.
In the Axes group, click Axis Expressions
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to de-select.
7. Click outside the region.
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Module 12 | Page 4
2013 PTC
Exercise 2: Plotting Multiple Traces (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Scenario
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Plot a function in three dimensions.

Plot data in three dimensions.
Format a three dimensional plot.
Task 1:
Plot a function and format the resulting plot.
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2. Plot the function on a 3-D plot.

3. Format the plot as follows:
Scale the z axis to range from -75 to 75.
Scale the x axis to range from -4 to 4.
Scale the y axis to range from -4 to 4.
Fill the plot surface with the color red.
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Plot data and a function on the same three dimensional plot and format the plot.
Task 2:
In
Plot data on the same plot used in task 1 and format the plot.
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1. Define the data shown in three separate matrices and augment the results into one matrix.
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2. Plot the function and data on the same graph.

3. Format the plot so each plot is visible.
Increase the size of the data points.
Edit the color of the data points to red.
Task 3:
Verify your results.
1. Review the following file to verify your results: EC_PlotMultipleTraces_P2_Solution.

2013 PTC
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Module 12 | Page 6
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Boolean Conditions
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Module 13
2013 PTC
Module 13 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Using Piecewise Continuous Functions

Objectives
Create a Piecewise Continuous function.
Plot a Piecewise Continuous function.
Scenario
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The simple beam shown has a length equal to 25 inches. It is loaded with a 10 pound concentrated
load, resulting in the shear diagram shown. Integrating the shear equation results in the moment
equation. The following steps are necessary to create and plot a Piecewise Continuous function to
validate the moment equation:
Create the equation for the shear diagram.
Calculate the moment along the beam by integrating the shear equation.
Plot both equations.
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Shear Diagram
Create the equation for the shear diagram and plot the equation.
In
Task 1:
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Simple Beam
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1. Create a range variable, Lx, representing the

location along the beam length. The range
variable increases in increments of 0.1 in.
2. Validate the range variable by evaluating it.
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Remember to change the units to

inches.
Module 13 | Page 2
2013 PTC
3. Create the equation for the shear diagram as a function of Lx. Use Boolean operators to
represent the entire shear diagram in one equation.
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4. Plot the shear diagram to validate the shear

function.
Task 2:
Calculate the moment along the beam by integrating the shear equation.
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1. Integrate the shear function to determine the moment along the length. Because the shear
function is a step function, it must be integrated in two parts.
First Section
Second Section
2. Plot the moment diagram to validate the moment

function.

2013 PTC
Module 13 | Page 3
Exercise 2: Using Piecewise Continuous Functions

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
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Use Boolean operators to create a Piecewise Continuous function.

Integrate the Piecewise Continuous function.
Plot the function and the integrated function.
Scenario
Task 1:
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Use Boolean operators to create a Piecewise Continuous function of the velocity of a particle
traveling in the positive x direction at 10 m/sec. As shown in the graph, the particle begins
decelerating at a rate of 20 m/sec2. Then determine the equation for the displacement of the particle
by integrating the velocity equation, and plot both the velocity and displacement curves.
Create the equation for the velocity of the particle.
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1. Create the equation for the velocity as a function of time.

2. Define a range variable for time. Use 0.1 second as the first value in the range.
3. Verify the resulting equation for velocity is correct by graphing it.
Task 2:
Create an equation for the displacement of the particle.
1. Create the equation for the displacement of the particle as a function of time by integrating
the equation for velocity created in Task 1. Integrate the equation from 0 to t.
2. Calculate the displacement of the particle at 5 sec.
3. Plot the displacement of the particle on the same graph created in the previous task.
Module 13 | Page 4
2013 PTC
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Symbolics
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Module 14
2013 PTC
Module 14 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Symbolic Calculation

Objectives
Solve an expression using symbolics.
Use multiple symbolic keywords in a symbolic calculation.
Retroactively assign and evaluate the results.
Scenario
Symbolically solve for a variable using the solve keyword.
Task 1:
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Use the solve and float keywords in a symbolic solution, and retroactively assign and evaluate
the results.
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1. Type the expression, as shown.

Remember to insert the Equal To
operator.
Add the float keyword to view the result in decimal form.
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The results are returned in a 2x1 vector.
2. Place the cursor to the right of the expression and insert the solve keyword. Click outside the
region to evaluate.
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1. Using the existing expression, position the cursor to the right of the solve keyword as shown.
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2. Insert the float keyword.
3. Type 4 in the placeholder to approximate the solution to four floating point digits of accuracy.
Click outside the region to evaluate.
Module 14 | Page 2
2013 PTC
Retroactively assign and evaluate the results.
Task 3:
operator.
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1. Using the existing expression, position the cursor to the left of the expression, as shown.
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3. Type R in the placeholder.
operator.
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4. Extract each root by inserting the Matrix Index
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Note that an array origin of 1 is used.
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2013 PTC
Module 14 | Page 3
Exercise 2: Symbolic Calculation (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Solve an expression using symbolics.

Retroactively assign and evaluate the solution results.
Plot the solution.
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Scenario
Task 1:
Use the solve and invlaplace keywords to solve a transfer function and calculate the response in
the time domain.
Type the transfer function in Mathcad and perform the calculations described.
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1. Type in the transfer function shown.
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Create a 2-D plot of the poles in the complex plane.
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Task 2:
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2. Insert the solve keyword to calculate the poles of the function; that is, the values of s for
which T(s) is undefined.
3. Retroactively assign the result of the previous step to a variable P.
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1. Insert the Matrix Index

operator to extract each root.
2. Use the built-in Re and Im functions to plot the imaginary part verses the real part of each root.
3. Format the plot such that each pole appears as a red X. You might have to modify the window
of the plot to provide a good view.
Insert the invlaplace keyword to calculate the response in the time domain.
Retroactively assign the result of the previous step to a function R(t).
Define a range variable for t from 0 to 20 in increments of 0.1.
Create a 2-D X-Y plot of R(t) verses t.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Calculate the response in the time domain and plot.
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Task 3:
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Task 4:
1. Review the following file to verify your results: EC_SymbolicCalc_P2_Solution.
Module 14 | Page 4
2013 PTC
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Solving
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Module 15
2013 PTC
Module 15 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Solving for Roots of Equations

Objectives
Find multiple roots of a function using the built-in root function.
Scenario
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Task 1:
Solve for multiple roots of a function using the built-in root function.
Define and plot the function.
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1. Type in the function shown below.
2. Define a range variable for t ranging from 0 to 3

in increments of 0.01.
Task 2:
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3. Plot t verses g(t) to display the roots.
Find the roots of the function and plot.
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1. Find the first root using the two-argument case

of the root function with a guess value of 0.1.
2. Find the second root by changing the guess

value of t to 1.5.
3. Redefine t as a range variable.
Module 15 | Page 2
2013 PTC
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4. Plot the function g(t) and add two vertical markers to the plot, one at each root.
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2013 PTC
Module 15 | Page 3
Exercise 2: Solving for Roots of Equations

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
Solve for the roots of an equation using the built-in root function.
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Scenario
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The following function, M(x), represents the moment equation for a concrete beam. The beam is
200 units long.
The roots of this function represent a change in sign for the internal moment in the beam. This is
important in the design of the beam because it identifies where the sections of the beam change
from tension to compression, or compression to tension.
Plot the moment function, and evaluate the roots using the built-in root function.
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Module 15 | Page 4
2013 PTC
Exercise 3: Numerically Solving Systems of Linear

Equations
Objectives
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Scenario
Numerically solve a system of linear equations using a solve block.

Use units in the solve block.
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Following Kirchhoffs Law, use a solve block with units to calculate the current traveling in the three
loops of the circuit shown.
Task 1:
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Calculate the current in the three loops.
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1. Define the voltage and the 6 resistances in the circuit.
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2. Click in a blank area of the worksheet and insert

a solve block.
.
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In the Regions group, click Solve Block

A blank solve block region appears.
2013 PTC
Module 15 | Page 5
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3. In the Guess Values section of the solve block,

type dimensionally-appropriate guess values for
the 3 currents, as shown. Use the unit milliamps,
mA.
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Select the Equal To

operator in
the constraint equations.
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4. In the Constraints section of the solve block, type

the equations shown describing the relationship
between the voltage, resistance, and current in
the circuit for the three loops.
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5. In the Solver section of the solve block, close the

solve block with a vector containing the unknown
variables assigned to the Find function.
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6. Display the results in milliamps, mA.
Module 15 | Page 6
2013 PTC
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7. Remove the units from at least one of the guess

values and observe the results.
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2013 PTC
Module 15 | Page 7
Exercise 4: Numerically Solving Systems of Nonlinear

Equations (CHALLENGE)
Objectives
Numerically solve a system of nonlinear equations using a solve block.
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Scenario
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It is known that friction factor, f, pipe roughness, , pipe diameter, D, and Reynolds number, Re,
are related by the following equation.
Using a numeric solve block, calculate the friction factor, assuming the following known quantities:
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Pipe Diameter
D = 2.5 in
Pipe Roughness
= 8.5 x 10-4 in
Reynolds Number
Re = 104
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Create a plot of friction factor versus Reynolds numbers by calling the solve block iteratively using
the vector of Reynolds numbers provided in the expression shown.
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Note that you must establish the call to Find as a function of Reynolds number. For
example: MyFunc(Re) := find( f ).
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Module 15 | Page 8
2013 PTC
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Optimization
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Module 16
2013 PTC
Module 16 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Constrained Optimization

Objectives
Solve a constrained optimization problem.
Scenario
Solve the following constrained optimization problem.
Solve a constrained optimization problem.
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Task 1:
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The desired state is a paper grocery bag with a volume of 1.5 ft3. Calculate the necessary
dimensions of the bag to use the least amount of paper. To simplify the problem, ignore all overlap
used to glue the bags together.
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1. Define the objective function shown for the surface area of the bag (in terms of L, W, and
H) as the area of the base plus the area of the four sides.
TC
2. Insert a solve block.

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A blank solve block region appears.
Module 16 | Page 2
2013 PTC
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3. In the Guess Values section of the solve block,

define dimensionally-appropriate guess values
for L, W, and H, as shown.
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4. In the Constraints section of the solve block,

define the constraints shown using Boolean
operators.
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5. In the Solver section, close the solve block with

a vector assignment to the minimize function.
TC
You can insert the minimize function

by selecting the Functions tab. In the
,
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Functions group, click Solving

and select minimize.
2013 PTC
Module 16 | Page 3
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6. Evaluate and confirm that the constraints are

satisfied.
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Module 16 | Page 4
2013 PTC
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Module 17
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Differential Equations
2013 PTC
Module 17 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Ordinary Differential Equations

Objectives
Solve an ordinary differential equation.
Scenario
Define and solve the ordinary differential equation for the system.
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Task 1:
Solve an ordinary differential equation for a simple spring-mass system with several values of a
forcing function constant, .
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1. Define the mass and spring constant, k.
2. Insert a solve block.

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A blank solve block appears.
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3. In the Constraints section of the solve block,

define the equation for a spring-mass system
without damping. Use the prime notation, where
y(t) represents the displacement of the spring
at time t.
4. Define the initial conditions, displacement, and

velocity for the system. Assume that initial
displacement and initial velocity are not placed
on the spring.
Module 17 | Page 2
2013 PTC
5. Close the solve block by assigning Y as a

function of the forcing constant, , to the function
odesolve. Solve the system for t over the range
0 to 60.
nl
Note that Y() is actually a function of t

for each value of the parameter .
Task 2:
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1. Solve the system for =0.8 and =1 by

assigning the label Y1 to the function of t
denoted by Y(0.8), and similarly Y2 to Y(1) as
shown.
Solve the system for two values of the parameter and plot.
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2. Define a range t from 0 to 60 in increments of

0.1.
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3. Plot the solutions using a 2-D x-y plot.
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2013 PTC
Module 17 | Page 3
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Programming
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Module 18
2013 PTC
Module 18 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Looping Constructs

Objectives
Create a program using for loops.
Scenario
1. Open a new worksheet and set the ORIGIN value to 1.

Select the Calculation tab.
In the Worksheet Settings group, click ORIGIN.
Select 1.
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2. Define the program as a function, odds(M),

where M is the array to be passed to the
program.
Create the program using for loops.
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Task 1:
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Create a Mathcad program using for loops that takes an arbitrary m-by-n array as an argument,
and then calculates the number of odd elements and their sum.
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Programming
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3. Insert a program construct and define a counting

and summing variable within the program.
TC
.
Select Program
Initialize c and s to 0 respectively, as the first
two lines of code, by selecting the Local
operator. To insert a new
Assignment
line, highlight the previous line and press
ENTER.
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You can insert programming operators

by selecting the Math tab, clicking
, and selecting the
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Programming
desired operator.
4. To examine each element of the array, M, use

a nested for loop.
Insert a new line.
Insert a for loop operator.
Click in the indented placeholder and insert
another for loop operator.
Module 18 | Page 2
2013 PTC
5. Begin to define the indices of the loops, i

and j respectively, by typing them in the first
placeholder of each for loop as shown. The
outer index, i, iterates over the rows while the
inner index, j, iterates over the columns.
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6. Define the range for each loop using the range

variable operator. You can type the built-in
functions rows(M) and cols(M) in the worksheet.
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7. Click in the indented placeholder and add a line

by pressing ENTER.
On the first line, insert an if operator.
On the second line, insert an else operator.
Add a second line to the indented if construct.
The programming construct appears as shown.
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, and
Math tab, clicking Operators

selecting Range
You can insert the range variable

operator by typing .., or by selecting the
TC
8. Determine if the element of M is odd, using

the built-in mod function. The mod function
divides its first argument by its second argument
and returns the remainder. To determine if
an element is odd, compare the element of M
with 2 to see if the remainder is 1. Type the
programming expressions shown.
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Note the following:

The subscripts used are Matrix Index
2013 PTC
subscripts.
A Boolean Equal To
used.
operator is
Module 18 | Page 3
9. If the element is odd, count it and sum it.

Type in the expressions shown to increment c
by 1 and add the element of M to s.
The subscripts used are Matrix Index
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subscripts.
10. If the element is not odd, proceed to the else

statement. The else statement should cause the
program to increment the inner loop, j. This is
accomplished using the continue operator.
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Do not type the continue operator using

the keyboard. You must insert it using
the Programming operators.
In
te
rn
al
11. Return the count, c, and the sum, s, from the

program.
Press SPACEBAR until the entire outer for
loop highlights.
Press ENTER to add a new line.
Insert a 2x1 matrix in the placeholder.
Type s and type c in the two empty
placeholders that appear.
To insert the matrix, select the
Matrices/Tables tab, click Insert
, and select a 2x1 matrix.
TC
Matrix
Fo
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12. Test the program by defining the array, M, as

shown and passing it to the program.
Module 18 | Page 4
2013 PTC
Exercise 2: Looping Constructs (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Create a Mathcad program using looping constructs.
Scenario
Create a Mathcad program using looping constructs and use the program to create a customized
function that sorts and removes repeated values from a vector of data.
Task 1:
nl
This kind of function is useful with built-in interpolation functions like cspline, which require a vector
that is monotonically increasing.
1. Write a Mathcad program, cleanup(v), which:

Accepts a vector, v, as an argument.
Sorts the vector into increasing order.
Removes repeated values from the vector.
Returns the sorted, cleaned up vector.
se
Write a Mathcad program, cleanup(v).
al
The program works for any vector, regardless of length.
rP
TC
In
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rn
2. Test the program using the following vector, v.
Fo
3. The program should return the output shown.

2013 PTC
Module 18 | Page 5
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Module 18 | Page 6
2013 PTC
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Data Analysis
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Module 20
2013 PTC
Module 20 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Interpolating Data (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Interpolate a set of data using linear interpolation.
Scenario
Use the following set of data to create an ammonia enthalpy function using linear interpolation.
In
te
rn
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se
nl
For a constant pressure of 10 psia, the enthalpy in BTU/lb of ammonia for temperature, T, in
degrees, F, is given:
Create an ammonia enthalpy function using the function linterp.
rP
Task 1:
TC
Temperature is listed in the first column, and enthalpy is listed in the second column.
Fo
1. Begin by typing the data into your worksheet in two separate vectors, T and H.
2. Define a function h(T), using linear interpolation, which represents the enthalpy of ammonia,
h, at temperature T.
3. Calculate the enthalpy at T = 38 F.
4. Create a 2-D plot showing the data and the function on the same set of axes. Use a range
variable T1 from 0 to 50 in increments of 0.1.
5. Plot the point calculated in the previous step at T = 38 F.
Module 20 | Page 2
2013 PTC
Exercise 2: Regressing Data

Objectives
Regress a set of data using the polyfit function.
Scenario
nl
Regress a set of data using the polyfit function. Use a set of data in the Excel format,
datastep_07.xlsx, and fit several polynomials to the data. To begin, set the array origin equal to 1.
Task 1:
1. Assign a variable name to the data file name and path.
operator.
se
Type in the variable name Reg4 and insert a Definition

Select the Input/Output tab.
Import a set of data and create a range variable to use in the regression functions.
.
In the Data Import/Export group, click Data Filename
The Browser dialog box appears. Browse to the file datastep_07.xlsx. Click Open.
rn
al
Your file path is where you stored your file.
te
2. Assign the function READFILE to a variable name.

operator.
In
Type the variable name Data4 and insert a Definition

Select the Functions tab.
TC
.
In the Functions group, click File Access
Select the READFILE function.
Complete the first two placeholders as shown. Delete the remaining placeholders.
Fo
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The second argument is a string variable that may have one of the following values:
delimited, fixed, or Excel.
3. Using the Matrix Column

operator, extract
the first column of the data and assign it to the
variable X4. Extract the second column of the
data and assign it to the variable Y4.
4. Create a range variable, range4. Use the built-in functions min and max as shown.
2013 PTC
Module 20 | Page 3
Task 2:
Regress the original data using both a third and fourth order polynomial.
1. Assign the polyfit function to variables Fit3

and Fit4, representing third and fourth degree
polynomials as shown.
nl
2. To obtain the coefficients of the forth order

regressed polynomial, assign the polyfitc
function to a variable P.
se
3. Evaluate P to view the matrix containing the coefficients.
rn
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4. Write the regressed function using the second column of the P matrix. The second column
contains the coefficients listed in increasing powers of xx, beginning with the coefficient of xx0.
Fo
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5. Plot the three regressed functions and the original data.
Module 20 | Page 4
2013 PTC
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Project Day 2
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Module 21
2013 PTC
Module 21 | Page 1
Exercise 1: Structural Engineering Project Day 2

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
the Excel component.
the READEXCEL function.
matrices and matrix functions.
the programming functionality.
Use
Use
Use
Use
nl
Scenario
se
In this project, you import a table of beam sections for the beam used in the Structural Engineering
Day 1 project and select the sections that satisfies given design criteria.
Task 1:
In this exercise the origin is set to zero.
Define the design criteria and import a table of beam sections.
rn
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1. Define the following design criteria:

Maximum allowable deflection: ymax = 4 mm
Maximum width of beam: bmax = 300 mm
In
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2. Import the datafile StructuralProjectData.xlsx using an Excel component.

3. Output the following from the Excel component:
The beam section designation.
The depth of the section, h.
The width of the section, b.
The second moment of the area, Ix.
Select the sections that satisfy the design criteria and calculate the bending stress.
TC
Task 2:
1. Using the programming functionality, identify the sections that satisfy the design criteria.
Fo
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2. Calculate the bending stress for the sections that

satisfy the design criteria, using the equations
shown.
Task 3:
1. Open the following file and verify your results:

Structural_Analysis_Prime2.mcdx
Module 21 | Page 2
2013 PTC
Exercise 2: Mechanical Engineering Project Day 2

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
nl
Create a spec table.

Create a program.
Create and use matrices and matrix functionality.
Scenario
Task 1:
Define the initial specifications and inputs.
Determine what combination of inner and outer diameter satisfies

the threshold limit specification.
rP
Task 2:
TC
In
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1. Define the threshold limit for the critical speed of

the shaft, Rlimit, to be equal to 1.946x104 rpm.
2. Define a spec table as shown.
se
In this project you set a threshold limit for the critical speed and vary the inner and outer diameter of
the shaft used in the Mechanical Engineering Day 1 project.
Fo
1. Create a program using for loops to determine what combination of inner and outer diameters
meets the threshold limit specifications.
2. Output the final results in rpm.
3. Create a frequency table/matrix, as shown.
2013 PTC
Module 21 | Page 3
Task 3:
Plot the shaft thickness versus critical speed for the thickness.
nl
4. Create a Pass Fail table/matrix, as shown.
1. Open the following file and verify your results:

Mechanical_shaft_bearing_Prime2.mcdx
Fo
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Task 4:
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1. Using only the combinations of inner and outer diameter that satisfy the critical speed
threshold limit specification, plot the shaft thickness versus the critical speed for each
thickness of the shaft.
Module 21 | Page 4
2013 PTC
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Appendix A
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Challenge Exercise Solutions
2013 PTC
Appendix A | Page 1
Exercise 1: Typing Math: Solution (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Evaluate a mathematical expression in Mathcad.
Scenario
Insert the mathematical expression.
Task 1:
nl
Create and evaluate a double integral.
se
1. Create the shell of the expression by inserting

the double integral symbols.
again to create the double
rn
Integral
integral.
al
Select Definite Integral

.
Place the cursor in the expression placeholder
of the integral operator and select Definite
Operators
te
2. Type the limits of the integral by clicking the

placeholders and typing the numerical values
for the limits.
In
To insert the constant , select the Math

tab. In the Operators and Symbols
Pi
, and select
TC
group, click Constants

.
rP
3. Type the expression in the appropriate placeholder and type and to complete the integral.
To insert the Greek letters, select the Math tab. In the Operators and Symbols
, and select the appropriate symbol.
Fo
group, click Symbols
Appendix A | Page 2
2013 PTC
4. When the entire expression has been inserted, click anywhere inside the region and evaluate
operator.
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nl
it numerically by inserting the Evaluation
Fo
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2013 PTC
Appendix A | Page 3
Exercise 2: Define and Evaluate a Function: Solution

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
Scenario
se
Calculate the area of the following parallelogram using the values shown:
nl
Define a user-defined function.

Insert a built-in function.
Evaluate a function.
al
Calculate the area of the parallelogram shown using the values listed
above. Note the angle must be in radians.
rn
Task 1:
te
1. Create the function for area in terms of a, b, and

, as shown.
rP
TC
In
2. Assign the given initial values to each of the

variables as shown.
3. Evaluate the function.
Fo
4. Assign new values to each of the variables as

shown.
5. Evaluate the function using the new values.

Appendix A | Page 4
2013 PTC
Exercise 3: Using a Range Variable: Solution

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
nl
Define a range variable.

Evaluate a range variable.
Define and evaluate a function using a range variable.
Scenario
rn
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Evaluate the centerline deflection of a shaft that is loaded with a concentrated load at the center.
The load varies from 1 lb to 5 lb in 0.2 lb increments.
Where:
TC
In
te
I = Moment of inertia (in4)

I = 10.5
L = Length of the shaft (in)
L = 16
E = Modulus of elasticity (psi)
E = 10 x 106
W = Load (lb)
W varies from 1 to 5 lb in 0.2 lb increments
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Evaluate the centerline deflection of the beam.
Fo
Task 1:
1. Define the beam constants.
2013 PTC
Appendix A | Page 5
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2. Define the load W as a range variable, and

evaluate to validate the values.
TC
In
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4. Evaluate the deflection at the center for all

values of W.
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3. Type the deflection equation as a function of the

load W.
Fo
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Appendix A | Page 6
2013 PTC
Exercise 4: Using Arrays: Solution (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Define an array.
Evaluate a function using an array.
Create a new array containing the original array and the function results using the augment function.
nl
Scenario
When evaluating a function over a range, Mathcad creates two matrices. One contains the range
variable and one contains the function results. A single matrix containing both is a more desirable
output.
Task 1:
Create a single matrix containing t and the results of f(t).
se
Define a range variable, t, from 1 to 10 in increments of 0.5. Place the range variable, t, in a matrix
and use it in the following function:
al
Define the range variable, t.
rn
1. Globally assign the built-in variable ORIGIN

equal to 1.
2. Create a range variable, t, as shown.
Task 2:
te
Convert the range variable to a matrix, T.
In
1. Create the expression shown to convert the

range variable, t, to a matrix, T.
Task 3:
TC
The subscript used is the Matrix Index

subscript.
Define and evaluate the function.
Fo
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1. Define the function, f(t).
2013 PTC
Appendix A | Page 7
Task 4:
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2. Evaluate the function using the matrix, T. Type

f(T) and press =.
Create a single matrix containing the vector T and the results of the function f(T).
operator.
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a Definition
rn
1. Type the name of the new array, New, and insert
In
2. Type the function augment in the placeholder

with the vectors T and f(T) as the arguments.
Fo
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3. Type New and press = to evaluate.

Appendix A | Page 8
2013 PTC
Exercise 5: Using Units: Solution (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Define variables using units.
Scenario
se
nl
Study the deflection of a beam with both ends simply supported with a concentrated intermediate
load, W, applied a distance, a, from the left end of the beam.
Task 1:
Define the beam properties and constants.
rP
TC
In
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1. Define the following beam properties and

constants:
Area moment of inertia, I.
Length of beam, L.
Distance from left edge of beam to load, a.
Modulus of elasticity, E.
Load, W.
Task 2:
Define the reaction forces, moments, slopes, and deflections at the left and
right ends of the beam, denoted by A and B respectively.
Fo
1. Define the following for the left (A) end of the

beam.
Reaction, RA.
Moment, MA.
Slope, A.
Deflection, yA.
2013 PTC
Appendix A | Page 9
Define a formula for the deflection of the beam and evaluate.
Task 3:
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2. Define the following for the right (B) end of the

beam.
Reaction, RB.
Moment, MB.
Slope, B.
Deflection, yB.
1. Define the following formula for the deflection of the beam at point x, where 0 < x < L.
te
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The final term in the definition of y(x) is included when the Boolean term, x > a, is
true (or equal to 1 internally). Think of this term as an on/off switch.
rP
TC
In
2. Calculate the deflection at x = L/2. Display the

result in inches and millimeters.
Fo
3. Calculate a table of deflections for points along

the beam, beginning at x = 0 ft and stopping at
x = L = 30 ft. Use a total of 51 points over the
range.
Define a range variable x in terms of L.
Appendix A | Page 10
2013 PTC
4. Evaluate the values of x in inches, Y(x) in inches, and Y(x) in millimeters.
nl
This example was adapted from the Mathcad electronic book Roark's Formulas
for Stress & Strain.
Fo
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2013 PTC
Exercise 6: Using Piecewise Continuous Functions:

Solution (CHALLENGE)
Objectives
nl
Use Boolean operators to create a Piecewise Continuous function.

Integrate the Piecewise Continuous function.
Plot the function and the integrated function.
Scenario
Task 1:
TC
In
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Use Boolean operators to create a Piecewise Continuous function of the velocity of a particle
traveling in the positive x direction at 10 m/sec. As shown in the graph, the particle begins
decelerating at a rate of 20 m/sec2. Then determine the equation for the displacement of the particle
by integrating the velocity equation, and plot both the velocity and displacement curves.
Create the equation for the velocity of the particle.
Fo
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1. Type the equation for the velocity of the particle as a function of time.
2. Define a range variable, t, for time, from 0.1 sec

to 5 sec, in increments of 0.1 sec.
2013 PTC
Task 2:
se
1. Type the equation for the displacement of the

particle as a function of time using the integral of
the velocity equation created in Task 1.
Create an equation for the displacement of the particle.
nl
3. Create a x-y plot of the function, v(t).
al
2. Calculate the displacement of the particle at 5

sec.
rn
3. Plot the displacement of the particle on the same

graph created in the previous task.
TC
In
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You can change the y-axis scale so you

can view the entire graph.
Fo
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2013 PTC
Exercise 7: Solving for Roots of Equations: Solution

(CHALLENGE)
Objectives
Solve for the roots of an equation using the built-in root function.
nl
Scenario
se
The following function, M(x), represents the moment equation for a concrete beam. The beam is
200 units long.
The roots of this function represent a change in sign for the internal moment in the beam. This is
important in the design of the beam because it identifies where the sections of the beam change
from tension to compression, or compression to tension.
Plot the moment function, and evaluate the roots using the built-in root function.
Plot the moment function and use it to estimate the roots of the equation.
rn
1. Define a range variable from 0 to 200, in

increments of 1.0.
al
Task 1:
In
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2. Type the moment equation as a function of x.
Fo
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TC
3. Plot the moment function.
4. Define a guess value for the root of the function.

5. Use the root function to evaluate the root.
2013 PTC
Exercise 8: Numerically Solving Systems of Nonlinear

Equations: Solution (CHALLENGE)
Objectives
Numerically solve a system of nonlinear equations using a solve block.
nl
Scenario
se
It is known that friction factor, f, pipe roughness, , pipe diameter, D, and Reynolds number, Re,
are related by the following equation:
rn
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Pipe diameter
D = 2.5 in
Pipe roughness
= 8.5 x 10-4 in
Reynolds number
Re = 104
al
Using a numeric solve block, calculate the friction factor assuming the following known quantities:
rP
TC
In
Create a plot of friction factor versus Reynolds numbers by calling the solve block iteratively using
the vector of Reynolds numbers provided in the expression shown.
Fo
Note that the call to Find must be set up as a function of the Reynolds number. For
example: MyFunc(Re) := find( f ).
Task 1:
Using a numeric solve block, calculate the friction factor.
1. Define the given variables:

Pipe diameter, D.
Pipe roughness, .
Reynolds number, Re.
2013 PTC
nl
2. Create a solve block to solve for the friction

factor, f.
rn
1. Set ORIGIN equal to 1.0.

2. Define a range variable, i, from 1 to 20 in
increments of 1.0.
Create a plot of friction factor versus Reynolds numbers by calling the solve block
iteratively using the vector of Reynolds numbers provided below. Note that the call to
Find must be set up as a function of the Reynolds number; that is, MyFunc(Re) := find( f ).
al
Task 2:
se
3. Evaluate the friction factor, f.
3. Create a vector of Reynolds numbers using the

range variable, i.
te
All subscripts used are Matrix Index

subscripts.
Fo
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TC
In
4. Create a solve block to solve for the friction

factors, f.
5. Assign the results of the solve block to a vector, f.
2013 PTC
nl
6. Plot the friction factor, f, verses the Reynolds

number, Re.
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2013 PTC
Exercise 9: Looping Constructs: Solution (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Create a Mathcad program using looping constructs.
Scenario
nl
Create a Mathcad program using looping constructs and use the program to create a customized
function that sorts and removes repeated values from a vector of data.
1. Type the name of the program including the

argument v, cleanup(v).
operator.
rn
3. Insert a Program
operator.
al
2. Insert a Definition
se
Write a Mathcad program, cleanup(v), which accepts a vector, v, as an

argument, sorts the vector into increasing order, removes repeated values from
the vector, and returns the sorted, cleaned up vector.
Task 1:
This kind of function is useful with built-in interpolation functions like cspline, which require a vector
that is monotonically increasing.
4. Type the lines of programming code, adding lines as needed.
Fo
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In
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All subscripts used in the program are Matrix Index subscripts.
2013 PTC
nl
5. Create the following vector, v.
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6. Evaluate the program using the vector, v.
2013 PTC
Exercise 10: Interpolating Data: Solution (CHALLENGE)

Objectives
Interpolate a set of data using linear interpolation.
Scenario
Use the following set of data to create an ammonia enthalpy function using linear interpolation.
In
te
rn
al
se
nl
For a constant pressure of 10 psia, the enthalpy in BTU/lb of ammonia for temperature, T, in
degrees, F, is given:
Fo
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TC
Temperature is listed in the first column, and enthalpy is listed in the second column.
2013 PTC
Task 1:
Create an ammonia enthalpy function using the function linterp.
se
nl
1. Type the data into your worksheet in two separate vectors, T and H.
rn
al
2. Create the enthalpy function by typing the

function, as shown.
te
3. Calculate the enthalpy at T = 38 F.
Task 2:
In
Create a 2-D plot showing the data and the function on the same set of axes.
Use a range variable, T1, from 0 to 50 in increments of 0.1.
TC
1. Define a range variable, T1, from 0 to 50 in

increments of 0.1.
Fo
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2. Insert a graph region and plot data points T

verses H, and interpolated line T1 verses h(T1).
2013 PTC
se
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3. Plot the enthalpy point calculated at T = 38 F.
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2013 PTC

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Mathcad Prime 3.0 Essentials

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Precision Learning In The Classroom

Precision Learning After the Class

Precision Learning Recommendations

For Students: How to Use this Course Handbook

Entering and Editing Math ........................................................................................................... 3-1

Variables ...................................................................................................................................... 4-1

Range Variables........................................................................................................................... 6-1

Vectors and Matrices ................................................................................................................... 8-1

Units ............................................................................................................................................ 9-1

2-D Plotting................................................................................................................................ 10-1

Project Day 1........................................................................................................................... 11-1

3-D Plotting................................................................................................................................ 12-1

Boolean Conditions ................................................................................................................... 13-1

Optimization .............................................................................................................................. 16-1

Data Analysis............................................................................................................................. 20-1

Project Day 2........................................................................................................................... 21-1

Challenge Exercise Solutions..................................................................................................... A-1

Entering and Editing Math

Exercise 1: Typing Math

Create the following expression:

Type a mathematical expression.

Beginning with the next step, execute

1. Click in a blank area of the worksheet.

Insert operators by selecting the Math

4. Insert the Square Root and Nth Root

exponents, insert the Exponentiation

6. Press SPACEBAR to select the entire

7. Type sin. Insert the Parentheses

This completes the exercise.

Exercise 2: Typing Math (CHALLENGE)

Create and evaluate a double integral.

1. Insert the shell of the expression.

in the Operators and Symbols group, and

select the Math tab, click Symbols

3. When the entire expression has been inserted, evaluate it numerically.

This completes the exercise.

Exercise 1: Defining and Evaluating a Variable

Create and evaluate the mathematical expression.

and select Integral

1. Click in a blank area of the worksheet. Select the

2. Type 0 and in the limit placeholders.

tab, click Constants

3. Type in the expression as shown.

4. To evaluate the integral, click in the region and press =.

1. Place the cursor on the left side of the expression, as shown.

Retroactively assign the expression to a variable and evaluate the variable.

3. Type Var in the placeholder and click outside of the region.

4. To evaluate the variable separately, click in a

Exercise 1: Define and Evaluate a Function

Define a user-defined function.

Calculate the area of the parallelogram.